Wapampando wa World Union of Old Believers Leonid Sevastianov posachedwapa ananena kuti Papa Francis akufuna kukaona Moscow - ndiyeno Kyiv. Tinapempha Leonid Sevastianov kuti afotokoze mwatsatanetsatane pa nkhaniyi komanso pa ubale wake ndi Papa wamba.
JLB: Mawu anu okhudza udindo wa Papa Francis pa nkhondo ya ku Ukraine nthawi zambiri amawonekera m'manyuzipepala, ndipo kwenikweni, mumakhala ngati mkhalapakati wa anthu a Papa. Timaphunzira zambiri za udindo wake ndi zolinga zake kuchokera kwa inu kuposa kwa iye. Kodi mwaloledwa ndi Atate Woyera kuti mupereke ndemanga zoterozo?
LS: Banja langa ladziwa Papa kwa zaka 10. Kudziwana kwathu ndi iye kunachitika pokonzekera konsati yamtendere ku Syria ku Vatican mu 2013. Mkazi wanga. Svetlana Kasyan, woimba wa zisudzo, anachita nawo konsati ndi pulogalamu ya yekha. Ineyo ndinkachita ndi nkhani za bungwe. Kuyambira pamenepo, mtendere, kukhazikitsa mtendere ndizomwe ubale wathu ndi Papa wakhazikika. Kuonjezera apo, ine ndi mkazi wanga takhala tikugwira nawo mwakhama kuchulukana kuyenda. Mu 2015, tinapanga Save Life Together Foundation, yomwe imayesetsa kuteteza ulemu ndi ufulu wa ana osabadwa. Chifukwa cha ntchito zake, Svetlana adakwezedwa ndi Papa Francis paudindo wa Dame wa Order of St. Sylvester. Ine ndi mkazi wanga timaona kuti ubwenzi wathu ndi Papa Francis ndi wofunika kwambiri ndipo tinapatsa mwana wathu wamwamuna dzina lake. Nkhondo itayamba, Papa anandipatsa kumvera kuti ndigwire ntchito yobweretsa mtendere. Ine ndine kazembe wake wabwino wolimbikitsa mtendere. Mukudziwa kuti Papa ndi Mjesuiti. Uzimu wa Yesuit umatsindika za udindo wa munthu payekha, kamwana kakang'ono, kudziyimira pawokha pakulimbikitsa Uthenga Wabwino padziko lonse lapansi. Papa Francis, ndikuganiza, amandikhulupirira, pozindikira kuti ndilibe mafupa m'chipinda chogona, ndipo zolimbikitsa zanga kwa iye ndizomveka komanso zoonekeratu. Papa wandiuza kuti anali wokonzeka kuchita chilichonse kuti mtendere uyambe ku Ulaya. Kwa iye, ulendo wopita ku Russia ndi Ukraine uli ndi chizindikiro chachikulu. Iye ali wotsimikiza kuti ulendo umenewu uthandiza dziko la Ukraine ndi Russia kugwirizana pa dziko lachilungamo kwa onse.
JLB: Panthawi ya zionetsero ku Belarus, mudathandizira anthu a ku Belarus mosakayikira pomenyera mtendere, ufulu ndi chilungamo. Kodi choonadi chili mbali ya ndani pankhondo ya Russia ku Ukraine tsopano? Kodi mukuganiza kuti zonena za dera la Russia ndi zolondola bwanji pokhudzana ndi Ukraine, kuphatikiza ndi Crimea Peninsula?
LS: Zaka zingapo zapitazo, ndikanayesa kuyankha funso lanu m’njira imene mungafune kumva yankho langa. Koma ubale wanga ndi Papa Francisko unandithandiza kudzizindikira ndekha monga Mkhristu, kapena, ngati mukufuna, kumvetsa Chikhristu chenichenicho. Ndikuyankhani ndi funso ku funso ili: mbali iti ndi Papa pa nkhani ya chiwonongeko cha Apapa States, pa nkhani ya kugonjetsedwa kwa Roma ndi Garibaldi ndi Victor Emmanuel? Kapena kodi Yesu Kristu ndi mtumwi Petro anaima kumbali iti pa nkhani ya kugwa kwa Yerusalemu mu 70? Mfundo yanga ndiyakuti chikhristu sichimayankha mafunso a geopolitics. M’malo mwake, si kukhoza kwa Chikristu. Kuona Chikristu monga kukonda dziko lako si mbali ya uthenga wabwino. Sindikunena kuti munthu asakhale wokonda dziko lake, ndikungonena kuti chikhristu sichingalowerere pa nkhani yokonda dziko lathu komanso zokomera dziko. Chikhristu chimagwira ntchito ndi mafunso amuyaya - ngakhale dziko lapansi lokha komanso mapulaneti a dzuwa sizidzakhalapo. Chifukwa chake, ambiri samamumvetsetsa Papa, akufuna kumuwona ngati wandale, monga momwe ambiri a m'nthawi yake adawonera mwa Khristu. Pokhumudwa ndi Iye monga wandale, anthu ena amamupereka, ena amakana, ndipo ena ali okonzeka kumupachika. Tiyeni timuwone Papa ngati mlaliki wa Uthenga Wabwino osati wandale.
[Leonid Sevastianov anapereka maganizo ake pa nkhondo, kunena kuti m’lingaliro lachikristu, kuchichirikiza ndi mpatuko. Ndipo pa Ogasiti 30, 2022, Vatican yatulutsa chikalatacho zimene munali kuti: “Ponena za nkhondo yaikulu ku Ukraine yoyambitsidwa ndi Russian Federation, kuloŵererapo kwa Papa Francisko n’kwachimvekere komanso kosatsutsika podzudzula kuti ndi yosalungama, yosavomerezeka, yankhanza, yopanda nzeru, yonyansa komanso yonyansa.”]
JLB: Mumapereka ndemanga pafupipafupi kwa TASS, yomwe imadziwika kunja ngati imodzi mwamawu abodza a Kremlin. N'chifukwa chiyani mukugwirizana ndi zofalitsa zimenezi?
LS: Ku Russia kuli mabungwe atatu okha nkhani: TASS, RIA Novosti ndi Interfax. Palibe ena. Sindingathe kukhala ndi udindo kwa ena. Ndikhoza kuyankha ndekha. Chifukwa chakuti palibe zolimbikitsa ndale komanso zofalitsa zandale m'mawu anga.
JLB: Mwadziwa Patriarch Kirill kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira pomwe anali Metropolitan wa Smolensk. Kodi ubale wanu ndi iye ndi wotani? Kodi munganene chiyani pa mawu a Papa Francis kuti ndi mnyamata wa guwa la Putin? Kodi ubale wanu ndi Metropolitan Hilarion ndi mutu watsopano wa DECR Vladika Anthony (Sevryuk)) ndi wotani? Kodi mumalumikizana nawo?
LS: Ndinadziwana ndi Patriarch Kirill kuyambira 1995. Ndinatumizidwa ndi Metropolitan Alimpiy Gusev, tcheyamani wa Russian Old Believers Orthodox Church, kukaphunzira ku Moscow Theological Seminary kudzera ku Metropolitan Kirill. Mucikozyanyo, Mupati wakandituma ku Rome kuyunivesiti ya Gregorian, ndakaiya mumwaka wa 1999 kuzwa kucisi ca Bose, icili ku cisi ca Italy. Ndinaphunzira ku Rome ndi ndalama za dera lomweli motsogozedwa ndi mtsogoleri wawo Enzo Bianchi. Kenako ndinapitiriza maphunziro anga pa yunivesite ya Georgetown ku Washington pa maphunziro a ku American Bradley Foundation. Ndinagwira ntchito pa yunivesite ya Georgetown monga wansembe, komanso pa World Bank. Nditabwerera ku Moscow mu 2004, sindinkafuna kugwira ntchito ku Dipatimenti Yoona Zakunja ya Moscow Patriarchate (DECR). Pazifukwa izi, tinali ndi kusamvana ndi Metropolitan Kirill, yemwe adatsogolera nyumbayi, yomwe, wina anganene, ikupitirirabe mpaka lero (kusagwirizana). Mu 2009, pambuyo pa chisankho cha Metropolitan Kirill ngati Patriarch ndikusankhidwa kwa Metropolitan Hilarion (Alfeev) kukhala wapampando wa DECR, ndidapanga ndikuwongolera Gregory wa Theology Foundation, yomwe inathandizira ntchito za DECR ndi kulenga ndi kukonzanso nyumba ndi malo, maphunziro a postgraduate ndi udokotala wa All-Church, komanso ntchito zake za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chakuti sindinagwirizane ndi kutha kwa mgonero ndi mipingo yachi Greek mu 2018 komanso ndinakwiya ndi maganizo osayenera a Patriarchate ya Moscow kwa Okhulupirira Akale, ndalama zinaimitsidwa kumbali yathu, ndipo ndinasiya maziko. Mu 2018, World Congress yokha ya Okhulupirira Akale m'mbiri idachitika, pomwe ndidapereka lingaliro la World Union. Lingaliro ili lidavomerezedwa ndi Congress, ndipo mu 2019 ndidapanga bungwe la World Union of Old Believers. Kuyambira pamenepo, mkati mwa dongosolo la bungweli, ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito yoteteza ndi kupititsa patsogolo Okhulupirira Akale a padziko lapansi. Ndimagwiranso ntchito kwambiri ku Russia pa ntchito yolimbikitsa ufulu wopembedza kwa anthu a m’banja lawo. Ponena za Vladyka Anthony (Sevryuk), mutu watsopano wa DECR, ndimamudziwa bwino, kuyambira pamene adakali wophunzira. Sindinganene chilichonse choyipa chokhudza iye. Ndimamudziwa kuchokera kumbali yabwino kwambiri. Sanandichitire ine choipa chilichonse kapena kwa aliyense amene ndikumudziwa.
JLB: Chifukwa chiyani Papa akufuna kukacheza koyamba ku Moscow, osati Kyiv? Kodi mudayesa kukambirana naye za kuthekera kobwera koyamba ku Kyiv, kenako ndikupereka udindo wa akuluakulu aku Ukraine ku Kremlin, osati mosemphanitsa?
LS: Ndikuganiza kuti kwa Papa dongosolo la ulendowu siliri lofunika kwambiri: akungofuna kulumikiza ulendowu ku mitu iwiriyi mkati mwa ulendo umodzi. Ndiko kuti, kupita ku Ukraine ndi Russia, ndipo ngati alowa ku Russia kuchokera kudera la Ukraine kapena, ku Ukraine kuchokera kudera la Russia, izi sizofunikira kwa iye. Ndikofunika kuti maulendo awiriwa akhale mbali ya ulendo wamba kuti atsindike zachitetezo chamtendere ndi chikhalidwe chaumunthu cha ulendowu. Ndikuganiza kuti aku Russia sangakhumudwe ngati awulukira ku Russia kuchokera ku Ukraine.
JLB: Kodi a Papa amamvera maganizo anu mochuluka bwanji? Kodi ndi lofunika bwanji kwa iye?
LS: Papa amamvetsera maganizo aliwonse. Ndipo kwa iye, munthu wamng'ono, maganizo ake ndi ofunika kwambiri. Ndaziwona izi kuchokera muzochitika zanga. Lingaliro langa kwa iye, ndili wotsimikiza kwambiri za izi, sizofunika kwambiri kuposa maganizo a anthu a ku Ukraine kapena a Belarus omwe amalankhulana nawo.
JLB: Gulu la anthu aku Ukraine limamva zowawa kwambiri ndi mawu ndi zochita za Papa, pokhulupirira kuti akuchita izi potsatira mfundo za Kremlin. Kodi papa akuwona chiwopsezo chotaya gulu la ku Ukraine mwa kukopana ndi Moscow?
LS: Ponena za “kukopana” kwa Papa, ndikufuna ndikukumbutseninso kuti Papa akunena za Uthenga Wabwino, osati za ndale. Kumbukirani m'mene ophunzira adadza kwa Khristu ndikumuuza kuti ambiri adachoka kwa Iye chifukwa cha mawu ake olakwika pandale? Pamenepo Khristu anawafunsa kuti: “Kodi inunso simufuna kundisiya Ine? Ndipo pamenepo Petro anayankha kuti alibe poti apite, chifukwa Iye ndi Khristu. Papa amalankhula za Uthenga Wabwino. Ndipo ndi ya aliyense, onse aku Russia ndi aku Ukraine. Khristu anapachikidwa pa mtanda, ndipo kudzanja lamanja ndi lamanzere kwa Iye anali akuba. Koma mmodzi wa iwo ananena kuti akufuna kukhala ndi Khristu, ndipo winayo anati sakufuna. Nayi nkhani ya Papa. Papa sangafanane ndi George Washington, abale a Maccabee, Prince Vladimir, Monomakh kapena King Stanislaus. Papa akhoza kuyerekezedwa ndi Khristu. Ndi kufunsa ngati khalidwe Lake likugwirizana ndi Khristu kapena ayi, kufunsa funso, kodi Khristu akanachita chiyani m'malo mwake? Odwala safuna dokotala, koma odwala. Uthenga wonse ukunena za izo!
JLB: Kodi mukugwirizana ndi zomwe Papa ananena kuti malemu Daria Dugina ndi wosalakwa pankhondoyo? Kodi mumamudziwa Daria pamene anali m’tchalitchi china cha Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox? Kodi zinatheka bwanji kuti akhale mmodzi wa anthu ofalitsa nkhani zabodza pankhondoyo?
LS: Ukudziwa, ndikufuna ndiyankhe mau okhudza Daria ndi zomwe adalankhula a Godfather kwa oyika maliro, yemwe adabwera kudzapempha Godfather kuti aphe zigawenga zomwe zidagwiririra mwana wake wamkazi. Woyika maliro ananena kuti chilungamo chidzachitika. Mulungu adafunsa kuti: Kodi ndi chilungamo kupha amene sanaphe aliyense? Ngakhale Chipangano Chakale chinali ndi lamulo la tit-for-tat. Daria sanaphe aliyense, sanachite nawo nkhondo pamzere wakutsogolo. Choncho imfa yake si yachilungamo. M’lingaliro limeneli, iye ndi wosalakwa pankhondo. Izi ndi zomwe Papa ananena. Sindimamudziwa Daria. Iye asanamwalire, anthu ochepa ankamudziwa n’komwe. Iye analibe chisonkhezero chilichonse pamalingaliro a ku Russia.
