Psychiatry - Nkhani yaposachedwa yamutu wakuti "Bizinesi yamdima ya matenda amisala: momwe kumwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ku US kwakwera kwambiri ( El turbio negocio de las enfermedades mentales: así se disparó el consumo de psicofármacos en EEUU)" lofalitsidwa mu EL MUNDO ndi Daniel Arjona pa 1 Seputembara 2023, ikupereka kutsutsa pakusinthika kwa matenda ndi chithandizo cha matenda amisala ku United States pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, zomwe sizinali Scientologists akhala akuchita, koma kwenikweni, izi zikufufuzidwa ndikuwululidwa mochulukira ndi atolankhani, madokotala, omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ngakhale akatswiri amisala; ena angaimbe mlandu bungwe la Citizens Commission on Human Rights, chifukwa cholimba mtima kulankhula mwaukali (ena amati), koma ngakhale khoti linanena kuti mawu awo ndi zowululidwa zimatetezedwa ndi lamulo.
Komabe, kubwerera ku nkhaniyo, wolemba akuwunikira kukula kwa mankhwala a psychotropic ndikufunsa ubale pakati pa makampani azamisala ndi opanga mankhwala (ena amalankhula za kusakaniza kwa psychiatry ndi pharmacocrazy). Zotsatirazi ndi kusanthula kwa nkhaniyo, kutchula mbali zofunikira ndi kupereka zifukwa.
Psychiatry ndi Kusintha kwa Tanthauzo la Kukhumudwa
Nkhaniyi inayamba ndi kufotokoza za kusintha kwa mmene kuvutika maganizo kunatanthauzidwira ndi bungwe la American Psychiatric Association (APA) kumbuyoko mu 1980. Kusintha kumeneku kunalola kuti munthu azindikire kuvutika maganizo malinga ndi zizindikiro zomwe zawonedwa kwa milungu iwiri. Zotsatira zake, panali kuwonjezeka kwa chidziwitso cha kuvutika maganizo komanso kukwera kwa mankhwala monga Xanax. Wolemba amawona kusinthaku ngati mfundo yoti aunikenso.
Udindo wa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
Nkhaniyi ikugogomezera kufunika kwa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) pogawa matenda ndi chikoka pakukula kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Imatchula buku lotchedwa "Psychiatry pansi pa chikoka” lolembedwa ndi Robert Whitaker ndi Lisa Cosgrove, lomwe limasanthula mozama ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa zamisala ndi makampani opanga mankhwala. Malinga ndi wolemba, bukuli linayambitsa mkangano, m'magulu azachipatala.
Diagnostic Inflation ndi Medicalisation
Nkhaniyi ikunena kuti njira zodziwira matenda amisala zakulitsidwa m'njira zomwe zidachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adapezeka, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale chithandizo chamankhwala chazovuta zamaganizidwe ndi malingaliro. Ikufotokozanso kuti matenda amisala amakono amangoyang'ana kwambiri pazamankhwala achilengedwe m'malo mwamalingaliro ndi zachuma.
Nkhani ya ADHD
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe msika wa Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) unamangidwira ku United States, ndikuzindikira kuti sikunali kupangidwa kwa makampani opanga mankhwala, koma zamisala yolinganizidwa. DSM-III ndi DSM-IV zinapereka njira yodziwira matenda, ndipo akatswiri amisala amaphunziro adathandizira kuti adziwe zambiri za ADHD ndi kulembera mankhwala.
Critique of Global Medicalisation
Nkhaniyi ikupereka malingaliro a akatswiri omwe amakayikira maziko asayansi amitundu yambiri ya matenda amisala komanso ubale wapakati pa izi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Amanenedwa kuti kugawika kwa zovuta zamalingaliro monga matenda amisala ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zomwe zimayambitsa mikhalidweyi ndizovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi kusalinganika kosavuta kwa mankhwala.
Malingaliro Osintha
Nkhaniyi ikutha ndi chiyembekezo chodalirika cha kuthekera kwa kutsutsa ndi kukonzanso dongosolo la matenda ndi chithandizo cha matenda a maganizo. Imanena kuti, ngakhale ndi zopinga, akatswiri amisala achichepere akuwonetsa kumasuka kwambiri pakumvetsera zomwe zimatsutsa nkhani yayikulu.
Kwenikweni, nkhani ya Daniel Arjona imabweretsa chidwi ku nkhani ndi zotsutsa zokhudzana ndi kugwirizana pakati pa zamaganizo, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala a matenda ku United States (chinachake chomwe chikuchitika kale ku Ulaya pa liwiro loopsya). Popereka umboni ndi malingaliro a akatswiri wolembayo amapereka lingaliro lopatsa chidwi lomwe limadzutsa mafunso okhudza njira zamakono zamisala komanso momwe zimakhudzira anthu.
