Wolemba Jamie Moran
1. Shelo Yachiyuda ndi yofanana ndendende ndi Hade Yachigiriki. Palibe kutaya matanthauzo kumene kumachitika ngati, pa chochitika chirichonse pamene Chihebri chimati ‘Sheol’, ilo likutembenuzidwa kukhala ‘Hade’ m’Chigiriki. Mawu akuti ‘Hade’ ndi odziŵika bwino m’Chingelezi, ndipo chotero angatchulidwe koposa liwu lakuti ‘Sheol.’ Tanthauzo lawo nlofanana.
Shelo kapena Hade siziri zofanana ndi ‘Gehena’ wachiyuda amene ayenera kungotembenuzidwa kuti ‘Hade.
Sheol/Hade=mokhalamo akufa.
Gehena/Gehena= nyumba ya oipa.
Awa ndi malo awiri mosiyanasiyana, ndipo sayenera kuwonedwa ngati ofanana. Baibulo la King James Version la Malemba Achiyuda ndi Achikristu limamasulira malo onse a Sheol ndi Gehena monga ‘Gehena’, koma uku ndi kulakwa kwakukulu. Matembenuzidwe onse amakono a Malemba Achiyuda ndi Achikristu amangogwiritsira ntchito ‘Helo’ pamene Gehena akupezeka m’malemba oyambirira Achihebri kapena Achigiriki. Pamene Sheol akupezeka m’Chihebri, amakhala Hade m’Chigiriki, ndipo ngati Hade sanatchulidwe m’Chingelezi, ndiye kuti mawu ofanana nawo amapezeka. Mawu achingelezi akuti ‘ndende’ nthaŵi zina amawakonda ponena za ‘akufa’, koma zimenezi n’zosamveka, chifukwa m’lingaliro losiyana, Hade ndi Gehena onse ‘ali m’ndende. osasiyanitsa mokwanira Sheol/Hade ndi Gehena/Gehena. Ndikofunikira kuzindikira kusiyana kwake, chifukwa Hade Monga Imfa ndi Gahena Monga Zoipa zimakhala ndi tanthauzo losiyana kwambiri m'malemba aliwonse omwe amapezeka. Akatswiri achiyuda amakono amalankhula ndi liwu limodzi—modabwitsa kwambiri kwa iwo—m’kunena kuti Gehena yekha ndiye ayenera kutembenuzidwa kukhala ‘Gehena.’ [Liwu lakale la Anglo-Saxon, limatero wolemba wina, kutanthauza ‘wobisika.’]
Ndiko kusiyana kwa mikhalidwe ya zochitika zaumunthu, ndi kusiyana kwa matanthauzo ophiphiritsa, kumene kumapereka kusiyana koonekeratu.
[1] Sheol/Hade=
Malo oyiwala, ‘kufa’, mzimu-moyo= theka la moyo.
Mdima ndi wachisoni= ‘zosafunikira’; dziko la pansi, nthano ya 'Underworld.'
Davide m’Masalmo anatchula Shelo kukhala ‘dzenje.’
[2] Gehena/Gehena=
Malo amoto wosazimitsidwa, ndi mphutsi yosafa; malo a mazunzo.
Anthu amene ali ku Gehena amamva ululu komanso kulira. Nyongolotsi ikukuta mtembo wakufayo= chisoni. Lawi loyaka moto losalekeza= kudzinyozetsa.
Abrahamu anaona Gehena kukhala ‘Ng’anjo ya Moto.
Motero, Hade/Sheol= Dzenje la Imfa pansi pa nthaka, pamene Gehena/Gehena= Ng’anjo Yoipa [yofanana ndi Chigwa chimene chasanduka ng’anjo].
2. Cha m’ma 1100 AD, mwambo wa Arabi Achiyuda unatchula Gehena ngati dzala kunja kwa Yerusalemu, kumene ‘zonyansa’ zinatayidwa. Ngakhale kuti Gehena ali chizindikiro, mawu ophiphiritsa, kuyerekezera kwa chizindikirocho ndi ‘Chigwa cha Hinomu’ n’komveka.
‘Gehena’ ndi Chigiriki, komabe anachokera ku Chihebri chotanthauza Chigwa cha Hinomu= ‘Ge Hinnom’ [motero= Gehinnom].’ M’Talmud, dzinalo ndi ‘Gehinamu’, ndipo m’Chiaramu cholankhulidwa ndi Yesu. = 'Gehanna.' Mu Yiddish yamakono= 'Gehena.'
Ngati Chigwa cha Hinomu pansi pa Yerusalemu ndichodi chiyambi cha mawu ophiphiritsa ndi mawu a zinenero a Gehena operekedwa kuchokera ku Chiyuda kupita ku Chikristu, zimenezo zikanakhala zomveka ponena za 'moto wosazimitsidwa' ndi 'mphutsi zosafa'. akuchokera kwa Yesaya, ndi Yeremiya, ndipo pamene Yesu akugwiritsa ntchito Gehena ka 11 m’Chipangano Chatsopano, amatanthauza Gehena, osati Hade kapena Sheol, chifukwa amabwereka mafanizo aulosi enieniwo.
3. Nkhani ya Gehena ngati malo enieni a dziko pa nthawi ina ili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pachifukwa chomwe mophiphiritsa adasanduka Gahena.
Chigwacho chinayamba monga malo amene olambira a chipembedzo chachikunja cha Akanani ankapereka nsembe ana awo [ Mbiri, 28, 3; 33, 6] kwa mulungu wachikunja wotchedwa Moloki [mmodzi wa ‘ambuye’ angapo achikunja, kapena Abaala= St Gregory wa Nyssa amagwirizanitsa Moloch ndi Mammon]. Olambira a Moloki awa anatentha ana awo pamoto, kuti apeze phindu la dziko = mphamvu za dziko lapansi, chuma cha dziko lapansi, chitonthozo ndi chisangalalo, moyo womasuka. Kale izi zimapereka tanthauzo lozama= Gahena ndi nsembe ya ana athu pazifukwa zachipembedzo, pamene chipembedzo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopembedza mafano kutipatsa mwayi padziko lapansi. Zimenezo zikugwirizana ndi mawu a Kristu, amene amanena kuti, ngakhale kuti zolakwa za ana ziyenera kubwera, zingakhale bwino kwa munthu amene wachimwayo ataponyedwa m’nyanja ndi kumizidwa kuti asachite cholakwa chachikulu chotero. Kuli bwino kufa ndi kukathera ku Hade, m’moyo wapambuyo pa imfa, kusiyana ndi kuchita zigawenga za gehena motsutsana ndi kusalakwa kwa ana m’moyo uno. Kukhala ku Gahena, m'moyo uno kapena kupitirira apo, ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa kumwalira basi. Kupha moto wonga wamwana, usanayatse, ndi njira yofunika kwambiri ya mdierekezi yotsekereza chiwombolo cha dziko lapansi.
Kwa Ayuda, malo amenewa olambiriramo mafano ndi ankhanza achikunja anali onyansa kotheratu. Osati kokha otsatira a chipembedzo cha Akanani komanso Ayuda ampatuko ‘anachita’ nsembe za ana kumalo amenewa, kaamba ka zifukwa zachipembedzo [ Yeremiya, 7, 31-32; 19, 2, 6; [Chithunzi pamasamba 32, 35]. Palibe malo oipa padziko lapansi amene angaganizidwe kwa Myuda aliyense wotsatira Yehova. [Izi zikuika nkhani ya Abrahamu m’kuunika kosiyana kwambiri.] Malo oterowo akanakopa mizimu yoipa ndi mphamvu zoipa m’chiŵerengero chenicheni. 'Iyi ndi gehena pa dziko lapansi' timatero, ponena za zochitika, zochitika, zochitika, kumene mphamvu zoipa zimawoneka kuti zakhazikika, kotero kuti kuchita zabwino, kapena kukonda modzipereka, kumatsutsidwa makamaka ndi 'mlengalenga wozungulira', motero kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. , ngati si zosatheka.
Patapita nthawi, Ayuda ankagwiritsa ntchito chigwa choopsa kwambiri chimenechi ngati dzala. Sanali chabe malo abwino otayamo zinyalala zosafunikira. Linalingaliridwa kukhala ‘lodetsedwa’, mwachipembedzo. Ndithudi, ankaonedwa ngati malo ‘otembereredwa’ kotheratu [ Yeremiya, 7, 31; 19, 2-6]. Chotero kwa Ayuda, anali malo ‘auve,’ kwenikweni ndi mwauzimu. Zinthu zoonedwa ngati zodetsedwa mwamwambo zinali kutayidwa mmenemo= mitembo ya nyama zakufa, ndi mitembo ya apandu. Ayuda ankakwirira anthu m’manda pamwamba pa nthaka, motero kuti mtembowo utayidwe mwanjira imeneyi unali woipa kwambiri, pafupifupi chinthu choipitsitsa chimene chingagwere munthu.
'Moto wosazimitsidwa', ndi 'mphutsi zikukuta mosalekeza', monga zithunzi ziwiri zomwe zimatengedwa ngati zotsimikizira zomwe zimachitika ku Gahena, zimachokera ku zenizeni, ndiye. Iwo sali ophiphiritsa chabe. Chigwacho chinali ndi moto woyaka mmenemo nthawi zonse, kuwotcha zinyalala zonyansa, makamaka mnofu wowola wa nyama ndi zigawenga, ndipo ndithudi, magulu ankhondo a mphutsi anapeza mitemboyo yokoma= iwo kwenikweni anakhala chakudya cha mphutsi. Choncho = 'Gehena' yochokera ku Chigwa cha Gehena ndi malo oyaka moto nthawi zonse - ndi sulfure ndi sulufule zomwe zimawonjezeredwa kuti kuyakako kukhale kothandiza kwambiri - ndipo khamu la mphutsi zimadya nthawi zonse.
Ngakhale Chiyuda Yesu asanakhalepo chinali ndi matanthauzidwe ambiri osiyanasiyana, mfundo imodzi ndiyodziwika bwino, ndipo iyenera kufotokozedwa ngati yofunikira pakumvetsetsa kulikonse kwa Gahena - yosiyana ndi Sheol/Hade. Kutsirizika ku Gahena ndi mtundu wa zinthu zonyansa, zochititsa manyazi, kutaya ulemu, chizindikiro cha kusakhulupirika, ‘chiwonongeko.’ Ku Gahena, zolingalira zanu zonse, ntchito zanu, zolinga zanu, zopanga zanu zonse, zimathera ‘kuwonongeka.’ Moyo wanu wonse umatha. ntchito, zomwe 'mudachita' ndi nthawi yanu padziko lapansi, zimafika pachiwonongeko chowopsa.
4. Njira yophunzitsira ya Arabi, imene Yesu anagwiritsira ntchito mofanana ndi arabi Achiyuda akale, imagwirizanitsa mbiri yakale ndi yophiphiritsira ‘monga mmodzi.’ Arabi, ndi Yesu ali yemweyo, nthaŵi zonse amasankha zenizeni zenizeni za m’mbiri, ndiyeno kuwonjezera. kutalika ndi kuya kwa tanthauzo lophiphiritsa kwa ilo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mitundu iwiri yolumikizana ya hermeneutic ndi yabodza ku njira iyi yofotokozera nkhani kuti iphunzitse maphunziro a moyo kwa omvera a nkhanizo.
Ku mbali imodzi=-
Ngati mungatanthauzire mawu opatulika m'mawu opatulika, monga momwe anthu okhulupirira chikhazikitso ndi alaliki, kapena osunga zachipembedzo amachitira, mukuphonya mfundoyo. Chifukwa pali matanthauzo ambiri ophiphiritsa omwe ali obisika mu mbiri yeniyeni 'chowonadi' chomwe chimapereka tanthauzo lochulukirapo kuti zowona zake zenizeni zimatha kufalitsa. Kuyambira ndi mbiri yeniyeni, tanthawuzo limakutengerani ku miyeso ina pochotsa nthawi ndi malo, osati kungokhala pamenepo. Tanthauzo lowonjezerali likhoza kukhala lachinsinsi kapena lamalingaliro kapena lakhalidwe; nthawi zonse imakulitsa tanthawuzo 'lowonekera' mwa kubweretsa zinthu zauzimu zosamvetsetseka. Liwu lenileni silimangokhalira kunena zenizeni, chifukwa zenizeni ndi fanizo la china chake choposa icho, komabe kukhala thupi mmenemo. Zenizeni ndi ndakatulo- osati kusindikiza pakompyuta, kapena mawu omveka bwino. Mitundu iyi ya liwu ndi tanthauzo ili ndi tanthauzo lochepa. Iwo amatanthauza pang'ono, chifukwa tanthauzo lawo liri lolekezera ku mlingo umodzi wokha, mlingo wosalemera mu tanthauzo, koma wopanda tanthauzo.
Kuphunzira kumasulira kwachiyuda kwa Chihasidi m’malemba Achihebri a Baibulo Lachiyuda kuli kophunzitsa kwambiri. Kutanthauzira uku kumagwiritsa ntchito nkhani za mbiri yakale ngati zoyambira masika kumatanthauzo ophiphiritsa kutali ndi kuwerenga kulikonse. Magawo obisika kwambiri ndi matanthauzo amawululidwa. Komabe ndi zobisika izi zomwe, mokhazikika, 'zomwe zidachitikadi.'
Kumbali ina=
Ngati mumatanthauzira mawu opatulika mophiphiritsa, kapena mophiphiritsa, kukana kuti mawonekedwe omwe adayikidwapo ndi ofunika, ndiye kuti mumapitilira mu Chihelene chachi Greek, osati chachiyuda. Mumapita mwachangu kuzinthu zopanda tanthauzo, kapena zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zimagwira ntchito ponseponse, kulikonse nthawi iliyonse. Njira yotsutsana ndi literalist iyi ya njira ya Arabi yopanga matanthauzo imanamanso. Kwa Ayuda, malo enieniwo ndi nthawi yake zili zofunika m’tanthauzo lake, ndipo sizingakhudzidwe ngati ‘chovala chakunja’ chabe, osati ‘choonadi chamkati.’ Tanthauzo lenileni ndilo kusandulika thupi, osati kusandulika kukhala thupi = kusayandama. m'malo ena, kaya malo osakhala akuthupi amawonedwa ngati amalingaliro kapena auzimu [kapena osakaniza awiri = 'psychic matrix']. Choncho tanthauzo lenileni liri ndi thupi, osati mzimu wokha, pakuti thupi ndilo limene ‘linangula’ limatanthauza m’dziko lino.
Tanthauzo lotereli likunena kuti matanthauzo ophiphiritsa owonjezera ali 'okhazikika' m'mbiri yakale, ndipo zenizeni zenizeni zomwe zimayenderana, ndi momwe zimagwirizanirana, ndizofunikira kuzimasulira. Ngakhale akanakhala kuti ankaganizira za mibadwo yotsatira, Yesu ankaphunzitsa Ayuda a m’zaka za m’ma 100 C.
Komabe, taona kuti Yesu anagwira mawu kaŵirikaŵiri kuchokera m’Masalmo ndi Yesaya, nthaŵi zambiri akumabwereza mawuwo mwachindunji m’mawu ake [akubwereza zimene omvera ake akanamva], kumasonyeza kuti iye anawona mafananidwe pakati pa zochitika zakale ndi zochitika zamakono. Anagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa zomwe zimatchedwa 'mitundu' m'matanthauzo ake = zizindikiro zina zimabwereranso, m'njira zosiyanasiyana, osati chifukwa chakuti ndi 'archetypes' m'lingaliro la Plato kapena Jung, koma chifukwa chakuti amatanthauza matanthauzo auzimu osamvetsetseka ndi mphamvu zomwe zimalowerera mobwerezabwereza. m’mbiri yakale, nthaŵi zonse kuchita chinachake chofanana ndi cha m’mbuyomu [kulenga kupitiriza] ndi kuchita china chatsopano chosiyana ndi chakale [kulenga kuleka]. Mwanjira imeneyi, Yesu akuchirikiza ‘vumbulutso lopita patsogolo’ lopitirizabe lokhala ndi mitu yopitirizabe ndi kunyamuka kwatsopano, kulumpha m’tsogolo, osati zodziŵikiratu. Kupezeka kwatsopano kwa mitundu, m'mikhalidwe yosinthidwa, kumabweretsa matanthauzo atsopano, koma nthawi zambiri kumapereka tanthauzo lowonjezera pamitundu yakale. Amatanthauza zambiri, kapena amatanthawuza china chake chosiyana, akawonedwa mobwerera. Mwanjira imeneyi, miyambo siimaima, kumangobwereza za m’mbuyo, ndiponso sumangosiya zakale.
Gehena/Gehena ayenera kuwerengedwa m'njira yovutayi ya Arabi, kumvetsetsa mbiri yake komanso matanthauzo obisika omwe amaphiphiritsira kwambiri. Pokhapokha ngati tikudziwa mbali zonse ziwiri zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito kutanthauzira komwe kulipo, osati kutanthauzira kokha, kapena zenizeni zokha. Ngakhalenso Myuda.
5. “Aphunzitsi awiri, malingaliro atatu”. Chiyuda nthaŵi zonse, mwa kuyamikira kwake, chimalekerera kumasulira kochuluka kwa malemba opatulika ndipo ndithudi chinali ndi mitsinje yosiyana ya kumasulira chipembedzo chonse. Izi ndi zoonekeratu kwambiri ponena za kumasulira kwa Gehena/Gehena. Chiyuda sichilankhula ndi mawu amodzi pa nkhani yofunikayi.
Panali olemba Achiyuda ngakhale isanafike nthawi ya Yesu amene anaona Gehena kukhala chilango kwa oipa= osati kwa iwo amene ali osakaniza chilungamo ndi uchimo, koma kwa iwo operekedwa, kapena osiyidwa, ku zoipa zenizeni, ndi zotheka kupitiriza. kwamuyaya; Olemba ena achiyuda ankaganiza za Gahena ngati chiyeretso. Othirira ndemanga ena achiyuda ankaganiza za Sheol/Hade kukhala chiyeretsedwe.
Masukulu ambiri a maganizo amakhulupirira kuti Hade ndi kumene mumapita pambuyo pa imfa. Ndilo ‘Dziko la Akufa’ m’zinthu zambiri zopeka. Sichiwonongeko, kapena kutheratu umunthu waumunthu kapena kuzindikira kwake. Ndiko kumene, thupi likafa, mzimu umapita. Koma mzimu, wopanda thupi, uli theka chabe la moyo. Amene ali m’Hade/Sheol ali ngati mzukwa m’lingaliro lamphamvu lophiphiritsira= iwo achotsedwa ku moyo, kuchotsedwa kwa anthu amoyo m’dziko. Amapitirira, monga momwe zinalili, koma m'malo ena ochepetsedwa. Pankhani imeneyi, Shelo Yachiyuda ndi Hade yachigiriki ndi zofanana kwambiri.
Sheol/Hade ankaonedwa kukhala chipinda cham’mbuyo kumene mumapita pambuyo pa imfa, ‘kudikirira’ chiukiriro cha anthu onse, mmene anthu onse adzalandiranso thupi limodzi ndi moyo. Iwo sadzakhala, konse, mzimu ‘woyera’.
Kwa othirira ndemanga Achiyuda ena, Sheol/Hade ali malo otetezera machimo, ndipo motero, alidi chiyeretso. Anthu ‘angaphunzire’, angayang’anizanebe ndi moyo wawo ndi kulapa, ndi kusiya ‘mtengo wakufa’ umene amaumirirapo m’moyo. Hade ndi malo obadwanso mwatsopano, ndi machiritso. Hade ndi wobwezeretsa, kwa iwo omwe adapewa kulimbana kwamkati ndi chowonadi chamkati m'nthawi yawo m'dziko lino.
Ndithudi, kwa Ayuda ena, Sheol/Hade anali ndi chipinda cham’mwamba ndi chapansi. Chipinda chapamwamba ndicho paradaiso [ndiponso ‘chifuwa cha Abrahamu’ m’fanizo la munthu wachuma amene amapeŵa wakhate pachipata chake], ndipo ndi kumene anthu amene apeza chiyero m’moyo wawo padziko lapansi amapita kukangotha. Chipinda cham'munsichi chimakhala chonyowa pang'ono koma chimakhala ndi kuthekera kochotsa zolakwa zakale. Si malo ophweka, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Anthu ‘otsika’ sapita patsogolo pang’ono, ndipo ‘apamwamba’ amapita patsogolo kwambiri, koma Hade akachita ntchito yake, onse amakhala okonzeka mofanana kaamba ka kulowa kwa anthu onse ‘m’nthawi yamuyaya.
Kwa othirira ndemanga ena Achiyuda, Gehena/Gehena—osati Sheol/Hade—anali malo oyeretsera/kuyeretsa/kuyeretsa. Munapereka nsembe yochotsera machimo anu, ndipo machimowo anatenthedwa kuchokera mwa inu, ngati moto wonyeketsa nkhuni zowola. Pamapeto pa chizunzo chimenecho mu ng’anjo, munali okonzekera chiukiriro cha anthu onse. Munangotha chaka chimodzi ku Gahena! Komanso, anthu asanu okha anali ku Gahena kwamuyaya! [Nkhaniyi iyenera kuti yawonjezeka pofika pano..]
Kwa Hasidism yamakono, yomwe yatsukidwa kamodzi—paliponse pamene izo zichitika—mzimu umene umaukitsidwa ndi thupi lake umapita ku chisangalalo chakumwamba mu ufumu wosalekeza [olam to olam] wa Mulungu. Ma Hasid amenewa amakonda kutsutsa ganizo la Gahena kumene anthu oipa amakhalabe kosatha, ndipo amalangidwa kwamuyaya. Ngati Myuda wa Hasidic Orthodox amagwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha 'Gehena', nthawi zonse imakhala ndi chiyeretso. Moto wa Mulungu umapsereza tchimo. M’lingaliro limenelo, limakonzekeretsa munthuyo kaamba ka chisangalalo chamuyaya, ndipo chotero ndi dalitso, osati temberero.
6. Kwa Ayuda ambiri isanafike nthawi ya Yesu, komabe, pali kutanthauzira kosiyana kosiyana komwe kuli kophatikizana kotheratu= njira iyi ya miyambo yachiyuda ikufanana ndi chikhulupiriro cha 'Kumwamba ndi Gahena' monga mfundo zamuyaya za moyo wa pambuyo pa imfa zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi a Fundamentalist ndi Evangelical Christian. za lero. Koma, Ayuda ndi Akhristu ambiri kuyambira kalekale akhala akugwiritsa ntchito chikhulupiriro chauwiri chokhudza umuyaya wogawanika womwe ukuyembekezera anthu. Pa lingaliro limeneli, oipa ‘amapita ku Gehena’, ndipo amapita kumeneko osati kuti akayeretsedwe, kapena kubadwanso, koma kuti akalangidwe.
Chotero, kwa Ayuda a kawonedwe kameneka, Sheol/Hade ndi mtundu wa ‘nyumba yapakati’, pafupifupi nyumba yoyeretsedwa, kumene anthu akufa amayembekezera chiukiriro cha onse. Kenako, aliyense akaukitsidwa mu thupi ndi mzimu, Chiweruzo Chomaliza chidzachitika, ndipo Chiweruzo chimatsimikizira kuti olungama adzapita ku chisangalalo cha Kumwamba pamaso pa Mulungu, pomwe oyipa adzapita kumoto wa Gehena. Chizunzo cha ku Gehenachi ndi chamuyaya. Palibe kusiya, palibe kusintha kotheka.
7. Kuli kopepuka mokwanira kupeza malo ponse paŵiri m’Baibulo Lachiyuda ndi Baibulo Lachikristu kumene Upawiri umene wakhalapo kwa nthaŵi yaitali ukuoneka kukhala wochirikizidwa ndi malembawo, ngakhale kuti kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala ‘wotseguka kumasulira.’
Ngakhale zili choncho, ndizowona kuvomereza kuti nthawi zina, Yesu amamveka ngati Wopanda Uwiri, ngakhale Anti-Dualistic, pomwe nthawi zina amamveka ngati Wawiri. Monga momwe alili njira yake, amatsimikizira miyambo yakale ngakhale pamene akuikweza poyambitsa zatsopano mumwambo wopitilira. Ngati muvomereza zonsezi, chilankhulo chovuta kwambiri cha kuuma ndi chilengedwe chimatuluka.
Chifukwa chake chododometsa cha Malemba Achiyuda ndi Achikhristu ndikuti zolemba za Uwiri ndi Zosagwirizana ndi Ziwiri zilipo. Ndikosavuta kusankha mtundu umodzi walemba, ndikunyalanyaza mtundu wina. Izi mwina ndi zotsutsana zomveka bwino; kapena, ndiko kukankhana kumene kuyenera kulandiridwa, chododometsa chodabwitsa. Chilungamo ndi Chiwombolo zimagwirizana mu Chiyuda, ndipo Yesu samasokoneza njira ya mbali ziwiri imene Moto wa Mzimu, Moto wa Choonadi, Moto wa Chikondi Chovutika, umagwira ntchito. Nyanga ziwiri za vuto ndizofunikira..
Kukhwimitsa kwina [choonadi] ndiko, modabwitsa, kumatsogolera ku chifundo [chikondi].
8. Kwa Ayuda isanafike nthawi ya Yesu, machimo oyika munthu ku Gehena anali ndi zinthu zodziwikiratu, komanso zinthu zina zomwe tingafunse kapena osakayikira lero= mwamuna amene amamvetsera kwambiri mkazi wake amapita ku Gehena. .. Koma zambiri mwachiwonekere= kunyada; chiwerewere ndi chigololo; kunyodola [kunyozedwa= monganso pa Mateyu, 5, 22]; chinyengo [bodza]; mkwiyo [kuweruza, chidani, kusaleza mtima]. Kalata ya Yakobo, 3, 6, ndi Yachiyuda kwambiri ponena kuti Gehena adzayatsa lilime, ndipo lilime kenako limayatsa moto ‘njira’ kapena ‘gudumu’ lonse la moyo.
Ntchito Zabwino zomwe zimateteza munthu kuti asapite ku Gahena= chifundo; kusala kudya; kuyendera odwala. Osauka ndi opembedza amatetezedwa makamaka kuti asathere ku Gahena. Israeli ndi wotetezedwa kwambiri kuposa mitundu yachikunja yomuzungulira ndipo amamuopseza nthawi zonse.
Machimo oipitsitsa = kupembedza mafano kwa ‘kupereka ana athu nsembe chifukwa cha chipembedzo’, kuti ‘tipitirire’ m’dziko lino. Pamene tilambira ‘mulungu’ wonyenga, nthaŵi zonse ndiko kupeza mapindu a dziko, ndiko kosasinthasintha kupindula ndi chirichonse chimene timapereka nsembe kuti tikondweretse zokhumba za mulunguyu= ‘mukandipatsa ana anu, ndidzakupatsani moyo wabwino.’ amamveka ngati chiwanda kuposa mulungu. Pangano likachitika, mumapereka china chake chamtengo wapatali, ndiye kuti mdierekezi adzakupatsani mphotho zamtundu uliwonse zapadziko lapansi.
Kutanthauzira kwenikweni kumatsutsa kuti zinthu zoterezi sizichitika m'gulu lathu lamakono, lowunikiridwa, lopita patsogolo, lotukuka! Kapena ngati atero, m'malo akumbuyo a gululo, kapena pakati pa anthu osatukuka.
Koma kutanthauzira kophiphiritsa-kwambiri kumamaliza kuti anthu otukuka kwambiri onsewa ali otanganidwa ndi kupereka ana awo nsembe kwa mdierekezi, chifukwa cha phindu ladziko lomwe lidzawabweretsera. Yang'anani mwatcheru. Yang'anani mochenjera kwambiri. Zimenezi ndi zimene makolo ambiri akuchitira ana awo mwachizoloŵezi, chifukwa zimasonyeza zimene anthu akuona kuti n'zosadziŵika monga dongosolo limene, kuti agwirizane, chiwawa chiyenera kuchitikira munthuyo= iwo angathe. musakhale owona kwa umunthu wawo. Leonard Cohen ali ndi nyimbo yodabwitsa pa izi, 'Nkhani ya Isake'=
Chitseko chinatseguka pang'onopang'ono,
Atate adalowa,
Ndinali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zinayi.
Ndipo anayima motalika kwambiri pamwamba panga,
Maso ake abuluu anali kuwala
Ndipo mawu ake anali ozizira kwambiri.
Iye anati, “Ine ndinali ndi masomphenya
Ndipo mukudziwa kuti ndine wamphamvu komanso woyera,
Ndiyenera kuchita zomwe ndauzidwa."
Kenako ananyamuka kukwera phiri.
Ndinathamanga, anali kuyenda,
Ndipo nkhwangwa yake inali yagolide.
Inde, mitengo idacheperako,
Kalilore wa nyanja,
Tinasiya kumwa vinyo.
Kenako anaponya botolo lija.
Anasweka kwa mphindi imodzi
Ndipo iye anayika dzanja lake pa langa.
Ndinaganiza kuti ndinawona mphungu
Koma ikhoza kukhala chiwombankhanga,
Sindinathe kusankha.
Kenako bambo anga anamanga guwa lansembe.
Anayang'ana kamodzi kuseri kwa phewa lake,
Anadziwa kuti sindibisala.
Inu amene mukumanga maguwa awa tsopano
Kupereka nsembe ana awa,
Musamachitenso.
Chiwembu si masomphenya
Ndipo simunayesedwepo
Ndi chiwanda kapena mulungu.
Inu amene mwaima pamwamba pawo tsopano.
Zovala zanu zing'onozing'ono ndi zamagazi,
Munalibepo kale,
Pamene ndinagona pa phiri
Ndipo dzanja la bambo anga linali kunjenjemera
Ndi kukongola kwa mawu.
Ndipo ngati mukunditcha m'bale tsopano,
Ndikhululukireni ngati ndifunsa,
"Molingana ndi plan yandani?"
Zonse zikafika ku fumbi
Ndikupha ngati ndiyenera,
Ndidzakuthandizani ngati ndingathe.
Zonse zikafika ku fumbi
Ndithandizeni ngati ndiyenera,
Ndikupha ngati ndingathe.
Ndipo chifundo pa yunifolomu yathu,
Munthu wamtendere kapena wankhondo,
Pikoko amafalitsa fani yake.
Ndiyeno, poŵerenga ‘nsembe ya ana athu kaamba ka phindu’ mophiphiritsira mowonjezereka, kufutukula upandu wotsutsana ndi ana kukhala, mophweka, nsembe ya anthu osatetezeka kwambiri chifukwa cha Mamoni. ‘Upandu wotsutsana ndi anthu’ uli ponseponse; ili ndi anthu ambiri masiku ano, monga momwe imachitira nthawi zonse.
Chigwa cha Gehena, monga Gehena padziko lapansi, Gahena padziko lapansi, ndi chifaniziro chofanana ndi cha masiku akale. Gahena ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zokhazikika m'moyo wamunthu nthawi zonse.
Chifukwa chiyani? Limenelo ndilo funso lenileni.
(zipitilizidwa)
