Sezvo Hezbollah-yakatsigira varatidziri vakaita mhirizhonga Embassy yeUnited States muBeirut mukutsigira Hamas, vanhu vekuAmerica vangasaziva masangano maviri emagandanga aya (asingabvumwi neUnited Nations, iyo inoparadza mamiriyoni kwavari) akawana mazana emamiriyoni emadhora erubatsiro rwemari yeU.S mumakore matatu apfuura chete.
Zvitadzo zveHezbollah nemakoronyeri ayo emabhanga eLebanon - anosanganisira gavhuna weBhange reLebanon Riad Salameh naAntoun Sehnaoui, mukuru mukuru weSociété Générale Bank yeLebanon (SGBL) - zvakafumurwa nguva pfupi yadarika mumatare edzimhosva muLebanon neUnited States.
Iye zvino vanhu vekuAmerica vari kudzidza zvakare kuti rupo rwavo rune mubairo wavo.
Asi kune nhoroondo yakareba yepasi rose yekutsigirwa nehurumende uye yakavanzika 'mari yemagandanga'. Uye chii chinoguma?
Zvakanaka, makore makumi mana apfuura mwedzi uno, Hezbollah yakanga ichangobva kuumbwa yakarwisa zvakanyanya mauto eUnited States kubva paHondo yeIwo Jima muna 1945. Bhomba rerori rakaputika pamusasa muBeirut iro rakauraya 220 US Marines nevamwe 21 vashandi vebasa. akaiswa muchirongwa chekuchengetedza runyararo munyika dzakawanda. Rimwe bhomba rerori rakauraya mauto makumi mashanu nemasere eFrance.
Vafundisi vechiMuslim vechiShia vekuLebanon vakatanga Hezbollah vakagamuchira muenzaniso wakatarwa naAyatollah Ruhollah Khomeini wekuIran vachitsigirwa nevarayiridzi veIranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 1,500; Khomeini pachake akasarudza zita rekuti Hezbollah.
Hamas yakazogadzwa nenhengo dzeMuslim Brotherhood pakati pevamwe muna 1987 uye nguva pfupi yadarika, yakasimbisa chinangwa chayo chekurwa hondo tsvene isingaperi neIsrael.
Kwehuzhinji hwekuvapo kwayo, Hamas neIran vanga vari mubatanidzwa wakasimba. Israel inoti Iran inopa anenge mamiriyoni 100 emadhora pagore murubatsiro rwemari kuHamas; US State Department inoshuma kuti Iran inopawo Hamas nezvombo uye kudzidziswa zvechiuto. Zvakawanda zvinouya kuburikidza nemadhora ekuAmerica anowanikwa kuburikidza neUN Relief and Works Agency.
Mushure mekunge hurumende yeIsrael yadzinga 418 Hamas operative kuRebhanoni muna 1992, Hezbollah yakavadzidzisa ikoko kuvaka nekushandisa mabhomba ekuzviuraya.
Iine imwezve $50 miriyoni pagore kubva kuIran, Hamas yakatanga kuita mabhomba ekuzviuraya achipesana nezvinangwa zveIsrael.
Nekufamba kwenguva, Iran yakagadzira nzira dzekubiridzira kuti dzipe Hamas nezvombo zvemberi.
Uye mwedzi uno chete, Hamas yakatanga kurwisa kwayo kukuru paIsrael kubva muhondo ye1967.
Sezvo Israeri inopindura, mibvunzo inononoka - Senge nei Iran yakatarisana nekurwiswa kwemagandanga kuUS neIsrael?
Uye zvichida zvakakosha, masangano akaita seHamas neHezbollah, akaenderera mberi sei achiwana rubatsiro rwemari iri pedyo nehurongwa hwakavabudisira zvibereko kubva kune vese vanotsigira nyika vakaita seIran, uye kunyangwe kubva kumasangano akazvimirira, masangano anobatsira uye vanhuwo zvavo, akadai saRiad Salameh naAntoun Sehnaoui?
Vanotsoropodza mutemo weUS vanowanzopomera Eisenhower Administration's 1953 zviito zvekubvisa Mutungamiriri weIran. Mohammad Mosaddegh, mupikisi wenguva refu wezvematongerwo enyika waReza Khan (akazotevera Reza Shah Pahlavi) sechikonzero chetsika yekupa mari yehugandanga. Shah akatonga Iran kwemakore makumi maviri nematanhatu kusvika Khomeini, anga ari muhupoteri, atora masimba mushure mekuratidzira kwaitungamirwa nevadzidzi kwakamubvisa pachigaro ndokugadza Khomeini saAyatollah.
Khomeini nemutsivi wake Ayatollah Ali Khamenei vagara vachishora US sa "satani mukuru" uye akapika kuunza "rufu kuAmerica" uye "rufu kuIsrael." Ruvengo rwaKhomeini kuUS rwakaita kuti vaaishanda navo vatore Embassy yeUS muTehran muna 1979 ndokubata vanhu makumi mashanu nevaviri vekuAmerica kwemazuva mazana mana nemakumi mana nemana.
Mune rimwe kutaura kunonyadzisa muna 2015, Khamenei akataura kuti Iran yaisazosiya rutsigiro rwayo rwe "vanhu vakadzvinyirirwa vePalestine, yeYemen, hurumende dzeSyria neIraqi, vanhu vakadzvinyirirwa veBahrain nevanopokana nemoyo wese muRebhanoni."
A 2005 report neWashington Institute inoburitsa mari yeIran yemushandirapamwe wehugandanga weHezbollah uye kupara mhosva kwakapararira kweHezbollah. Kunyangwe makumi maviri emakore apfuura, Iran yaipa mari inosvika mazana maviri emamiriyoni emadhora pagore mumari uye nezvombo.
Iran zvakare inopa mari Hezbollah kuburikidza neanonzi akazvimirira ega uye masangano epamberi. Zvakanyanya, iyo yakarambidzwa zvakanyanya al-Aqsa International Foundation yakaendesa mamirioni emadhora nezvombo kuHamas, al Qaeda, uye Hezbollah.
Sezvo Mutevedzeri Munyori weHurumende Anthony Wayne akaudza Congress muna 2003,
“Kana muchipa sangano mari, kunyangwe paine mabasa akawanda erubatsiro ari kuitika, pane fungibility pakati pehomwe. Muri kusimbisa sangano”.
Zvinosuruvarisa, kunyange nhasi, vakawanda havana kudzidza chidzidzo ichi.
Al-Qaeda neHezbollah vanonzi vari kushandirapamwe pakubira mari nekubira mubhanga - Imwe nyaya yakakurumbira, ichangobva kuburitswa nevachuchisi veLebanon, yakanangana naSalameh, Sehnaoui, pamwe nevane vevatambi vakuru veRebhanoni ne "mhosva dzekupambadza mari dzinokonzerwa nekutengeserana kwemari nechinangwa che kushandiswa kwemari yenyika. "
Kambani yematekisi yekutamisa Michel Mecattaf yakapomerwa mhosva yekubira zvisiri pamutemo mabhiriyoni emadhora sechikamu cheSalameh-Sehnaoui chirongwa chaitsigira mararamiro emubhanga asi akatumira mamirioni kuHezbollah.
Sehnaoui neSGBL nhasi ndivo vapomeri vekutanga mukuenderera mberi US mhosva yakamhan'arirwa nemhuri dzevakabatwa nehugandanga hweHezbollah umo vamhan'ari vanopomera kudyidzana neHezbollah nemabhanga gumi nemaviri eLebanon.
Magweta emumhan'ari anogona kuhwina nyaya iyi, asi mhuri dzevakabatwa dzinogona kumirira ... uye kumirira ... vasati vaona kana dime rimwe chete.
Semuyenzaniso, mhuri dzevakabatwa mudzimba dzeBeirut muna 1983 dzakamhan'ara muna 2010 - makore manomwe mushure mekunge mutongi wedare atonga izvozvo. HezbollahKurwisa kweIran kwakarairwa neIran - uye makore matatu mutongi wedunhu reUS Royce Lamberth akaraira Iran kuti ivabhadhare $2.65 bhiriyoni.
Muna 2013, Mutongi weDare Redunhu reUS, Katherine Forrest, akatonga kuburitsa madhora bhiriyoni 1.75 emari yeIran, yakachengetwa muNew York Citibank account, kune vakawirwa nenjodzi. Kwapera gore, dare redzimhosva rakatsigira mutongo waMutongi Forrest, uye muna 2016 akadaro Dare Repamusorosoro reUnited States.
Muna Kurume 2023, mumwe mutongi wemubatanidzwa akaraira Bank Markazi, bhanga guru reIran, uye Clearstream Banking SA kuti ibhadhare mabhiriyoni zana nemakumi matanhatu emadhora kunhengo dzemhuri dzine moyo murefu.
Sezvo vakamirira mari yavo, hurumende yeUS yakasunungura midziyo yeIran, pachinzvimbo chekuripa ava nevamwe vakabatwa nehugandanga hunotsigirwa neIran.
Makumi emakore apfuura, kurwisa hugandanga kunze kwenyika Matthew Levitt akayambira izvozvo
"Kana iyo US ikatadza kuchinjisa tsika yevatevedzeri vemitemo nenharaunda yehungwaru, kudzika mitemo nemaitiro akakodzera, uye kuita zviwanikwa zvinodikanwa uye kugadzirisa, tichawana hondo yekutyisa zvakanyanya kurwa, inogara kwenguva yakareba kudaro. mukufamba kwenguva, uye vachireva mutengo wakakwira zvakanyanya uye unosiririsa muhupenyu hwevanhu. "
Kurwiswa mwedzi uno neHamas kune vasina mhosva vanoenda kumakonti nevacheche kunoratidza kuti yambiro dzaLevitt hadzina kuteererwa.
Vezvematongerwo enyika nevezvematongerwo enyika vakaenderera mberi vachinyepedzera kuti avo vakapika mhiko dzeropa kuparadza US neIsrael havana kumborevesa uye ivo pachavo vakapa mabhiriyoni emadhora kumapoka emagandanga netariro isina maturo yekuti mari inogona kutenga rugare.
Asi chokwadi chinosuruvarisa ndechokuti mari inopiwa magandanga anobva kunzvimbo dzisingaverengeki inongotenga zvombo zvakawanda, mashoko anoparadzirwa, kuteurwa kweropa kwakawanda, uye hondo dzakawanda.
