Bophelo bo botle ba meru ea Europe le tikoloho e hokahaneng li tobane le liqholotso tse ntseng li eketseha, ho kenyeletsoa ho rengoa ha meru ka lebaka la nts'etsopele ea litoropo, tšilafalo le litlamorao tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo, tseo kaofela li sokelang ho tiea ha meru. Ho boloka le ho netefatsa bophelo ba bona ba nako e telele ho tla hloka mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea taolo le boiteko bo matla ba ho sebetsana le litlamorao tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo ho latela likhatiso tse peli tsa European Environment Agency (EEA) tse phatlalalitsoeng kajeno, ka la 21 Hlakubele. - Letsatsi la Machaba la Meru.
Tikoloho ea meru e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tšehetseng mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng ’me e fana ka melemo e mengata bophelong bo botle ba rōna, e thusa ho fana ka moea o hloekileng le metsi, ho laola maemo a leholimo a feteletseng hammoho le ho fana ka boikhathollo. Leha ho le joalo, meru e leka ho sebetsana le eona liphetoho tse makatsang lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng tse ba siileng ho feta hlaselehang habonolo ke mafu, likokoanyana le tahlehelo ea mefuta-futa.
Litlhaloso tse peli: 'Ecosystems ea meru ea Europe: lilekane tsa bohlokoa ntlafatsong e tsitsitseng'le'Lintho tse phelang le tikoloho ea meru ea Europe li ntse li tsoela pele joang?' fana ka boemo ba morao-rao le mekhoa ea hore na meru ea Europe e ntse e sebetsa joang. Li boetse li fana ka tlhaloso ea Boiteko ba EU ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba tikoloho ea meru.
Ke hobane'ng ha meru e phetseng hantle e le ea bohlokoa?
Tsosoloso ea meru e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho rarolla mathata a mangata a Europe a tikoloho le sechaba. Ba boetse ba na le karolo ea bohlokoa eo ba lokelang ho e bapala ho fetoheng ha Europe ho ea ts'ebetsong. Ka ho khutlisetsa tikoloho e senyehileng ea meru le ho khothaletsa mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea taolo ea meru, joalo ka ho rema lifate tse nang le tšusumetso e fokolang le ho khothaletsa lihlahisoa tse netefalitsoeng tsa meru, Europe e ka thusa ho fokotsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo, ho boloka mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng, le ho fa sechaba litšebeletso tse ngata tsa bohlokoa tsa tikoloho sechabeng. , ho kenyeletsoa khabone, taolo ea metsi le paballo ea mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng.
Hoo e ka bang 10% ea selemo le selemo sa EU mocheso oa khase o futhumatsang li monngoa le ho bolokoa mobung oa meru le biomass.
Khatello e ntseng e eketseha
Boemo ba hona joale ba meru ea Europe ke a setšoantšo se tsoakiloeng ho ntlafatsa le ho senyeha ha maemo. Le hoja matšoao a mang a kang sebopeho, bongata ba biomass, le tlhahiso, a fana ka maikutlo a ho ntlafatsa maemo a meru, a mang, a kang ho senyeha ha makhasi, ho shoa ha lifate tsa lifate, le lehong le shoeleng, a fana ka maikutlo a boemo bo mahlonoko.
Khatello e ntseng e eketseha ea meru ke sesosa sa ho tšoenyeha, haholo-holo Europe Bohareng moo meru ea spruce e tobaneng le eona ho qhoma ha maleshoane le meru sebakeng sa Mediterranean se tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo ka lebaka la komello, mello ya hlaha le phetoho ya tshebediso ya lefatshe.
Maqhubu a mocheso le komello li fokolisa lifate, li etsa hore li hlaseloe habonolo ke likokoanyana tse senyang lijalo le litšitiso tse ling tse kang moea kapa mollo. Khafetsa le matla a litšitiso tsena le tsona li eketsehile lilemong tse 70 tse fetileng.
Ka kakaretso, phetoho ea tšebeliso ea mobu e ntse e le tšokelo e kholo merung, leha ho le joalo, phetoho ea mocheso ho lebeletsoe hore e tla e feta ’me e be tšokelo e khōlōhali bophelong ba meru lilemong tse tlang.
Boleng bo ntseng bo hola ba meru
Meru ha e sa nkoa e le mohloli oa moruo feela. European Green Deal e hlokomela karolo ea bohlokoa eo meru e phetseng hantle e e bapalang ho re thusa ho fetela bokamosong bo tsitsitseng, bo nang le khabone e tlase.
Tlas'a European Green Deal, EU e itlamme ho lema lifate tse ling tse limilione tse likete tse 3 ka 2030 le ho eketsa botsitso le mefuta-futa ea tikoloho ea meru e teng. EU le Linaha tseo e leng Litho li kenya tšebetsong maano le mehato e fapaneng e tšehetsang tsosoloso ea meru ho finyella lipakane tsena. Tsena li kenyelletsa lichelete tsa ho rema meru le ho rema meru merero, ts'ehetso ea mekhoa ea taolo ea meru e tsitsitseng, le nts'etsopele ea liphaseje tse tala le mekhoa e meng ea boemo ba naha ea tsosoloso ea meru.
EU e boetse e behile lipheo tse kholo bakeng sa tsosoloso ea meru e le karolo ea boiteko bo pharaletseng ba ho sebetsana le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le tahlehelo ea mefuta-futa ea limela. Leano la Meru la EU la 2030 le e sisintsweng Molao oa Tsosoloso ea Tlhaho sepheo sa ho matlafatsa maikemisetso a mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng le ho sireletsa, ho tsosolosa le ho tiea ha meru ea Europe. Li bohlokoa ho fihlela moruo o tsitsitseng le o sa nke lehlakore ka 2050.
Bokhoni bo tsoelang pele ba meru ea Europe ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa eona tsa mantlha tsa tikoloho e itšetlehile ka phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le liketso tsa batšoantšisi ba mmuso le bao e seng ba mmuso. Ka lebaka la bolelele ba lifate, liqeto tsena li tla hloka pono ea nako e telele ho feta 2050 mme li tla hloka ho kenyelletsa karolo ea meru, ho nahanoa ka Lipheo tsa Ntlafatso ea Moshoelella tsa UN mabapi le ho baballa mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng le liketso tsa boemo ba leholimo.