Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo, i-European Union yazibophelela ekukhuseleni ukulingana kwabasebenzi ngokwamkela uMyalelo 2000/78 wama-27 Novemba 2000, othintela ucalulo oluthe ngqo okanye olungathanga ngqo kwizizathu ezininzi, kuquka nenkolo. Nangona kunjalo, kufanelekile ukucacisa ukuba ucalucalulo oluthe ngqo lukhohlakele kwaye luxhaphakile ucalucalulo - ukugxotha umntu ngenxa yobuhlanga, inkolo, okanye inkolelo, njl njl. Ngokwahlukileyo, ucalucalulo olungangqalanga luchube ngakumbi, lubonisa imeko abanye abasebenzi ababandezelekayo xa ilungiselelo leshishini elisemthethweni. ibajongela phantsi ngenxa yonqulo lwabo okanye naluphi na olunye uphawu lobuqu.
INkundla yoBulungisa ye-European Union isandul 'ukugweba kwi-Wabe & MH Müller Handels isigwebo se-15 Julayi 2021 malunga nocalucalulo lwezenkolo kubasebenzi, ukuseka imfundiso ethile ephikisanayo. Kwelinye icala, yenza ukhuseleko olukhulu kwiimeko zocalulo olungathanga ngqo. Sekunjalo, kwelinye icala, ibonisa amathandabuzo athile ngokuphathelele ubukho bonqulo emsebenzini.
INkundla yayisele ibonile kwisigwebo sika-Achbita (2017) ukuba iinkampani zinelungelo lokwamkela imigaqo-nkqubo yokungathathi hlangothi nokuba zicalula abasebenzi abathile ngokusekelwe kunqulo ngokubathintela ekufezekiseni izibophelelo ezithile ezifana nokunxiba iimpahla zonqulo. Nangona kunjalo, iNkundla yaqonda ukuba abo bachaphazelekayo kufuneka barhoxe xa umgaqo-nkqubo wokungathathi hlangothi uphendula kwintshisekelo yoshishino olusemthethweni kwaye ifanelekile kwaye iyimfuneko (oko kukuthi, isetyenziswe ngokuqhubekayo kubo bonke), ichaphazela zonke iintlobo zokubonakaliswa - ezopolitiko, ingcamango, inkolo, njl-njl. - kwaye ayibaxi ukuphumeza iinjongo zayo.
Isigqibo sikaWabe someleza ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngokongezelela ngelithi akwanelanga ukuba umqeshi athi kukho umgaqo-nkqubo wokungathathi cala ukuze athethelele ucalucalulo olungangqalanga ngezizathu zonqulo, kodwa kufuneka angqine ukuba loo mgaqo-nkqubo uyahlangabezana neshishini elinenjongo. isidingo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ufuna ukuthintela impahla yonqulo, kuya kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ishishini liza kuba nomonakalo omkhulu.
Okwesibini ugxininiso kukuba iNkundla ivumela amazwe angamalungu ukuba andise izikhuselo zoMyalelo ngokuchasene nocalucalulo olungangqalanga ngokusebenzisa imithetho yelizwe labo yenkululeko yonqulo apho anamalungiselelo aluncedo ngakumbi. Ngale ndlela, amazwe e-EU avunyelwe ukuba afune ukuba abaqeshi bawo benze imigaqo yawo yokungathabathi cala ivisisane kangangoko kunokwenzeka nenkululeko yonqulo yabaqeshwa bawo, ebavumela ukuba baphumeze iimbopheleleko zabo zonqulo ngaphandle kokuba babangela ubunzima obungeyomfuneko.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, isigwebo sikaWabe siyaphikisana kuba, ngelixa sixhasa ukulingana ngokwenkolo yabasebenzi, sijongela phantsi ezinye iziqinisekiso zabo.
Njengoko sele ndikhankanyile apha ngasentla, uMyalelo uyavuma ukuba phantsi kweemeko ezithile, abasebenzi kufuneka barhoxe emsebenzini ukuze babandezeleke ziziphumo ezibi zenyathelo leshishini elisemthethweni ukuba nje linomlinganiselo, okt, alibenzisi ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko ngokungqongqo.
INkundla, ngokutyeshela eli lungiselelo, ibona ukuba umqeshi, nangona ebona ukuba kwanele ukuba umfanekiso wakhe woluntu uthintele iisimboli ezinkulu nezicacileyo, unyanzelekile ukuba azithintele zonke (nokuba zincinci kunye neziyingqondi), kungenjalo, bekuya kuba lucalucalulo olungqalileyo kwabo basebenzi bafanele banxibe imiqondiso ebonakalayo.
Le ngxabano iphikisana nemfundiso esekelwe e-Achbita, eyalawula ukuba, isalelo esichaphazela imiqondiso yenkolo, asivelisi imeko yocalucalulo oluthe ngqo xa lusetyenziswa ngokungakhethiyo kubo bonke abasebenzi, kwaye lugubungela nayiphi na impawu kungakhathaliseki ukuba yezopolitiko, inkolo, okanye enye indalo. . Ukusebenzisa ingqiqo efanayo, ukuvinjelwa kokusetyenziswa kweempawu ezibonakalayo - nokuba yintoni na - ayinakucalucalula ngokuthe ngqo abasebenzi abayisebenzisayo, ukuba nje isebenza ngokuqhubekayo kubo bonke abasebenzi.
Ndikholelwa ekubeni, ubukhulu becala, iNkundla ibonisa kwesi sigqibo ukungathembeki okuthile elunqulweni emsebenzini, kuba kubonakala ngathi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha ukungavisisani phakathi kwabasebenzi nabathengi kukuphelisa nakuphi na ukubonakaliswa konqulo. Oku, ngaphezu koko, uvavanyo oluyimpazamo ngokwembono yenkululeko yeshishini, ngokubhekiselele kubaqeshi bodwa ukuba bathathe isigqibo ngowuphi umfanekiso weshishini labo abanqwenela ukuwenza kwaye benze ngokufanelekileyo, bakwazi ukusebenzisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokungathathi hlangothi. kuqondwa njengokungabikho kwayo nayiphi na imbonakalo yenkolo okanye njengembonakaliso yeyantlukwano, oko kukuthi, ukuvuma zonke iimbonakaliso ngaphandle kokubekwa okanye uthintelo.
Ngamafutshane, esi sigwebo sibonisa ukuba, nangona kuye kwenziwa inkqubela ephawulekayo, kusekho indlela ende yokwenza ukulingana nenkululeko yonqulo emsebenzini ibe yinto yokwenene nenempumelelo kwilizwekazi elidala.
ISantiago Cañamares Unjingalwazi woMthetho kunye neNkolo, iYunivesithi yaseComplutense (eSpain)
