IAmazon igutyungelwa ziinguqulelo zomgunyathi zeencwadi, abathengi abacaphukisayo kunye nababhali ngokufanayo abathi le ndawo ayenzi kancinci ukulwa nobuqhetseba boncwadi.
Iinkohliso ezithengiswa liqela lesithathu ngokusebenzisa iAmazon isuka kwiincwadi ze-elektroniki ukuya kwiincwadi eziqinileyo kunye neentsomi ukuya kwiintsomi - kodwa umba uxhaphake kakhulu kwiincwadi zezifundo, ezixabiso lazo ezincamathela phezulu esibhakabhakeni zitsalwa kubarhwebi, kusho imithombo yokushicilela.
"Umonakalo kubabhali yinyani," uMatthew Hefti, umbhali wenoveli kunye negqwetha elifumene iinguqulelo zomgunyathi zencwadi yakhe eAmazon, uxelele iPosi. “Yingxaki egqubayo.
Isiphumo sokugqibela kukuba abafundi banamathela kwiincwadi ezingafundekiyo ezopha i-inki okanye ziqhekeke, ngelixa ababhali kunye nabapapashi belahlekelwa yingeniso kubaphangi abapapashayo.
IAmazon, nangona kunjalo, ithatha isaphulelo sentengiso yomntu wesithathu nokuba iincwadi abazithumelayo ziyinyani okanye ayiyonyani, ayiniki nkampani inkuthazo ukuba ikhuphe i-countenterfeits, abantu abakwishishini lokushicilela. Bathi indawo eyaziwa ngokuba yinkonzo ekhawulezayo icotha kakhulu ukuphendula kwiinkxalabo zabo malunga nomgunyathi.
'Amaphepha akafundeki'
UMartin Kleppmann, umphandi wesayensi yekhompyutheni kunye nezemfundo, uye wabona uphononongo lenkwenkwezi enye ye-Amazon yedatha yakhe yokulinganisa i-textbook roll iminyaka, kunye nabathengi abanomsindo abakhalaza malunga nombhalo ongafundekiyo, amaphepha alahlekileyo kunye neminye imiba esemgangathweni. Utyhola abazenzisi, abathi bathengise iinguqulelo zepirated.
“Le ncwadi ishicilelwe kakubi kakhulu,” lufundeka njalo uphononongo olunomsindo lwencwadi kaKleppmann. I-Ink iya kuyo yonke indawo emva kwemizuzu eli-10 yokufunda.
“Amaphepha aprintwa agqithene,” kufunda olunye uphononongo. “Malunga nama-20 amaphepha angafundekiyo.”
Umhlalutyi wesithathu ufumanise ukuba kufuneka baodole incwadi kaKleppmann eAmazon izihlandlo ezithathu ezahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuba bafumane ikopi enokusetyenziswa. Ezi zimbini zomgunyathi zazinephepha lokubona-ngaphaya kunye nezinye iziphene.
"Ndibona uphononongo oluninzi olungalunganga lukhalaza malunga nomgangatho wokuprinta," utshilo uKleppmann kwiPosi, esongeza ukuba umshicileli wakhe ucele iAmazon ukuba iwulungise lo mbandela kodwa inkampani ayenzi nto.
Isithethi saseAmazon uJulia Lee uthe kwingxelo kwiPosi, "Sibeka phambili ukuthembela kwabathengi kunye nombhali kwaye sihlala sibeka iliso kwaye sineendlela zokuthintela iimveliso ezithintelweyo ukuba zingadweli."
IAmazon ichithe ngaphezulu kwe-900 yezigidi zeedola kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye iqeshe abantu abangaphezu kwe-12,000 ukukhusela abathengi kwinkohliso, ubuqhophololo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuxhatshazwa, utshilo uLee.
Kodwa uKleppmann ayinguye yedwa umbhali onengxaki yenkohliso eAmazon. Umphandi onzulu kaGoogle wokufunda uFrancois Chollet wakhalaza malunga nabenzi bomgunyathi kumsonto odumileyo we-Twitter ekuqaleni kukaJulayi, etyhola iAmazon ngokwenza "akukho nto" yokuphelisa iinguqulelo ezixhaphakileyo zencwadi yakhe.
“Nabani na othenge incwadi yam eAmazon kwezi nyanga zimbalwa zidlulileyo akathenganga ikopi yokwenyani, kodwa ikopi yomgunyathi ekumgangatho ophantsi eprintwe ngabathengisi bobuqhophololo,” ubhale watsho uChollet. “Sazise [iAmazon] amaxesha amaninzi, akukho nto yenzekileyo. Abathengisi bobuqhophololo bebeneminyaka besebenza.”
Nditsho nombhali wePosi uMiranda Devine wabona iinguqulelo ezingeyonyani zencwadi yakhe malunga noHunter Biden, "ILaptop yaseSihogweni," isasazwe eAmazon kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Emva kokuba abapapashi bakaDevine baxelele iAmazon ngalo mbandela, izinto zomgunyathi zahlala kwindawo kangangeentsuku, utshilo.
I-Amazon ayizange iphendule kwisicelo sokuphawula kwimizekelo ethile yeenkohliso kweli bali.
'Umdlalo ongapheliyo we-whack-a-mole'
IAmazon ngokubanzi ifuna ababhali kunye nabapapashi ukuba badibanise isiza ukuze bafumane iinguqulelo zomgunyathi zeencwadi zabo, emva koko balwe ngoomaleko be-bureaucracy ukuze bathathelwe phantsi, ngokutsho kwegqwetha lepropathi yobukrelekrele uKatie Sunstrom.
"Umthwalo uphezu komthengisi ukuba enze iAmazon inqande abophuli-mthetho kunye nabakhohlisayo ekuthengiseni kwinkqubo yabo," uSunstrom uxelele iPosi. "Akukho mpembelelo kwiAmazon ukuyinyamekela."
Umshicileli kaKleppmann, u-O'Reilly Media, uxelele iPosi ukuba ihlala ifaka izikhalazo kunye ne-Amazon malunga nabathengisi abanobuqhophololo, kodwa ukuba inkampani ihlala icotha ukujongana neenkxalabo zabo.
"Ngumdlalo ongapheliyo we-whack-a-mole apho iiakhawunti ziphinda zivele kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki kamva," u-O'Reilly usekela mongameli wesicwangciso somxholo uRachel Roumeliotis uxelele iPosi, esongeza ukuba iAmazon iya kuphendula "kwiimpawu zomntu ngamnye njengoko zifunyenwe ngabapapashi" kodwa akenzi nto ukunqanda “ukuqukuqela kwenkqubo” yezinto zomgunyathi.
"I-Amazon ichitha ixesha elininzi izama ukulwa nembono yokuba indawo yentengiso iqhubela phambili ubuqhophololo kuba iyaziwa ukuba kukho ingxaki - kodwa iqonga layo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yakhelwe ngeendlela eziququzelelayo," utshilo uRoumeliotis.
Ubuqhetseba obusasazwa bungakhange bujongwe bunokubeka umsebenzi wababhali emngciphekweni, ngokutsho kukaHefti.
Ngaphandle kokunciphisa ingeniso ababhali benza iincwadi esele bezipapashile, intengiso yomgunyathi ayibaleli kumanani entengiso asemthethweni. Amanani asezantsi entengiso aya kuthi, nawo enze kube nzima kubabhali ukwenza inki kwizivumelwano zeencwadi zexesha elizayo, utshilo uHefti.
“Imodeli ixhaphaza ababhali,” utshilo. Andazi nokuba kukho na ukuyilungisa, ubuncinci ngaphandle kokuba iAmazon ichithe itoni yemali kwaye iphulukene nengeniso ekhoyo.
