Emva kobunzima bezemali kwihlabathi ngo-2008, malunga namazwe aseYurophu alishumi azisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi "visa zegolide" kubantu bangaphandle abatyala imali kweli lizwe, ukuthenga izindlu, ukusebenza kwaye banokufaka isicelo sobumi emva kwexesha elithile. Ukulandela ukwaziswa kwe-European Union, ubuncinane beemfuno zotyalo-mali ziyasebenza: ubuncinane botyalo-mali buqala kwi-50,000 Euros e-Latvia, kunye ne-1.2 yezigidi zee-Euro e-Netherlands. Abatyali-mali banokuhlala kwaye basebenze kweli lizwe ukusuka kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu kwaye ke bavunyelwe ukuba benze isicelo sobumi, ubhala uBloomberg.
Nangona kunjalo, iinkokeli ziyaqala ukuza. Kwiinyanga ezimbini ezidlulileyo, ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokunganeliseki okuqhubekayo kunye nokukhula kwamaxabiso ezindlu ePortugal, urhulumente wathi uya kuphinda inkqubo ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-nt ilawule kwaye yamkele umthetho ocetywayo - mhlawumbi kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo.
I-EU kudala inyanzelisa amazwe aneenkqubo ezinjalo ukuphepha iifizi ze-visa zegolide, kuba "zichasene nedemokhrasi" kwaye zinokusetyenziswa njengendlela yemali engcolileyo yokungena kummandla.
Abantu baseYurophu baphinde bazinza kwezoqoqosho kwaye bakulungele ukujongana nomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle ongqongqo. shushu. Ngokomzekelo, inkqubo yayibanjelwe e-Iceland ngoFebruwari 15. IGrisi ivakalise injongo yayo yokuphindaphinda i-euro ekujoliswe kuyo kwi-500,000 ye-Euro kwiindawo ezininzi eziphambili, kuquka i-Athene. Emva kweenkqubo zePortugal kunye Speyin kufutshane, abacebisi bokufika baqikelela ukuba kuya kubakho imfuno enkulu eGrisi naseSpain.
Phantse akukho manani afanayo aseYurophu, kodwa ezinye iinkcukacha zibonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu abasebenzisa iinkqubo basuka eTshayina. E-Iceland, enika ilungelo lokuhlala ngokutshintshiselana notyalo-mali lwe-500,000 ye-Euro kubahlali abanobutyebi bomntu ubuncinane be-2 yezigidi ze-euro, abemi baseTshayina bamele ngaphezu kwe-90% yezicelo ze-1,727 ezifunyenwe ekupheleni kwe-2022. IPortugal yokuqala ye-Invectitops nayo ilawula amaTshayina - okanye phantse isiqingatha se-visa yegolide ye-11,758 ukususela ngo-2012. EGrisi, inani liphantse libe yi-60% yee-visa ze-12,818 ukusuka kwi-2013 ukuya phambili. Kunyaka ophelileyo, abantu abaninzi baseUkraine bafaka izicelo, kwaye inani labantu baseMelika abafaka izicelo zokundwendwela liye landa kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Iinkqubo ngokwenene zagalela imali eninzi kwiimarike zepropathi zaseYurophu: malunga ne-3.5 yezigidi zee-Euro ngonyaka ukusuka kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2019, ngokutsho kwePalamente yaseYurophu. Ngokukodwa ePortugal, beza nombono wokuphucula isitokhwe sezindlu ngokunciphisa inkqubo yotyalo-mali kwinqanaba elinye kubaviwa abahlala kwindlu efuna ukulungiswa.
Ixabiso lezakhiwo zokuhlala liwile ukususela ngo-2015, ngokutsho kwewebhusayithi ye-Idealista real estate. Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo e-Athene, amaxabiso ezindlu anyuke nge-48%, ngokweenkcukacha ezisemthethweni. EDublin ikhule nge-130% ukususela ngo-2012.
Ngamanye amazwi, umdla awutshintshanga kangako. ESpain, apho ubumi bunokufumaneka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-500,000 yee-Euro kunye neminyaka eyi-10 yokuhlala, ine-visa yegolide eyi-136 kuphela ekhutshwe yi-2022.
Nangona ukunganeliseki okukhulu okwenzeka kwixesha elide, ngokweenkcukacha zamva nje, ii-visa zegolide zinempembelelo ebuthathaka kwixabiso lezakhiwo. E-Irland, bakhupha ii-visa ezingamakhulu ambalwa kuphela ngonyaka, kunye nentengiselwano yokuhlala engama-60,000 elindelwe ngo-2022.
Iipropati ezithengwe ngenkqubo ePortugal zimele malunga ne-0.3% yetotali ye-300,000 yentengiselwano yezindlu nezindlu elizweni apha enyakeni, ngokutsho kwenkampani ethengisa izindlu nomhlaba.
Ifoto nguPorapak Apichodilok:
