I-UKRAINE, iindawo zenkolo ezili-110 ezonakalisiweyo zihlolwe kwaye zibhalwe yi-UNESCO - Ukusukela nge-17 ngoMeyi 2023, UNESCO uye waqinisekisa umonakalo kwiziza ezingama-256 ukususela ngomhla wama-24 kuFebruwari 2022 – iziza zenkolo ezili-110, iimyuziyam ezingama-22, izakhiwo ezingama-92 zembali kunye/okanye umdla wobugcisa, amatye ezikhumbuzo ali-19, amathala eencwadi ali-12, uVimba o-1.
Ingxelo yeZiko laseUkraine leNkululeko yeNkolo (ngoJanuwari 2023)
Ngenxa yohlaselo olupheleleyo lwaseRashiya eUkraine, ubuncinane izakhiwo zonqulo ezingama-494, amaziko ezakwalizwi neendawo ezingcwele zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo, zonakaliswa, okanye zaphangwa ngumkhosi waseRashiya, ngokutsho kweUkraine Institute for Religious Freedom (IRF).
I-IRF ibonise le datha yokugqibela ehlaziyiweyo kwimpembelelo yemfazwe kwiindawo zonqulo zase-Ukraine ngoJanuwari 31 kunye noFebruwari 1 ngexesha leNgqungquthela yeNkululeko yeNkolo yeZizwe ngeZizwe (i-IRF Summit 2023) eyayibanjelwe eWashington, DC.
Uninzi lweecawa, iimosque kunye nezindlu zesikhungu zatshatyalaliswa kwingingqi yaseDonetsk (ubuncinane ezili-120) nakwingingqi yaseLuhansk (ngaphezu kwama-70). Ubungakanani bentshabalalo bukhulu kakhulu kwingingqi yaseKyiv (70), apho amadabi anzima ayesilwa ukukhusela ikomkhulu, kwaye kwingingqi yaseKharkiv - ngaphezulu kwe-50 yatshabalalisa izakhiwo zenkolo. Uhlaselo lwasemoyeni lwaseRussia, kubandakanya nabasebenzisa iidrones zaseIran, luchaphazele phantse yonke imimandla yaseUkraine kwaye lusaqhubeka nanamhlanje.
Iicawa zeCawa yase-Ukrainian Orthodox (enxulumene ne-Patriarchate yaseMoscow) yabandezeleka kakhulu kwi-Russian dgression - ubuncinane i-143 yatshatyalaliswa.
Umlinganiselo wokutshatyalaliswa kwezindlu zemithandazo yecawa yevangeli mkhulu kakhulu - ubuncinane ngama-170 ewonke, apho uninzi lwazo lwachaphazeleka ziicawa zama-Evangelical Christian - 75, izindlu zemithandazo zamaKristu ze-Evangelical Baptist - 49, kunye neecawa zeSeventh-day Adventist - i-24.
Ingxelo ye-IRF ehlaziyiweyo ikwanayo nenkcazelo yokutshatyalaliswa kweeHolo zoBukumkani zamaNgqina kaYehova—zizonke izakhiwo zonqulo ezingama-94, kuzo ezisixhenxe zitshatyalalisiwe, ezili-17 zonakala kakhulu, ezingama-70 zonakala kanobom.
Umgaqo-nkqubo weUNESCO
I-UNESCO yenza uvavanyo lokuqala lomonakalo kwiipropati zenkcubeko* ngokujonga iziganeko ezixeliweyo ngemithombo emininzi ethembekileyo. Ezi datha zipapashiweyo ezihlaziywa rhoqo aziwubophi uMbutho. I-UNESCO iphinda iphuhlise, kunye nemibutho esebenzisana nayo, indlela yokuvavanya ngokuzimeleyo kwedatha e-Ukraine, kubandakanywa uhlalutyo lwemifanekiso yesathelayithi, ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo zeNgqungquthela ye-1954 yeHague yoKhuselo lwePropati yeNkcubeko kwiSiganeko soNgqubano oluxhobileyo.
*Igama elithi “ipropathi yenkcubeko” libhekisa kwipropathi yenkcubeko engashukumiyo njengoko ichazwa phantsi kweSiqendu soku-1 seNgqungquthela yaseHague ka-1954, kungakhathaliseki imvelaphi yayo, ubunini okanye iwonga lokubhaliswa kuluhlu lweempahla lwesizwe, kunye nezixhobo kunye nezikhumbuzo ezinikezelwe kwinkcubeko, kubandakanywa izikhumbuzo.
Umbutho unxibelelana nabasemagunyeni base-Ukraine ukuphawula iindawo zenkcubeko kunye nezikhumbuzo ngophawu olwahlukileyo lwe-"Blue Shield" yeNgqungquthela yaseHague ka-1954 yoKhuseleko lwePropati yeNkcubeko kwiSisehlo soNgqubano oluxhobileyo ukunqanda umonakalo wangabom okanye ngengozi.
Iipropati ezibhalwe kuluhlu lweLifa leMveli leHlabathi, njengenxiwa elithi “I-Kyiv: I-Cathedral yaseSaint-Sophia kunye neZakhiwo eziNxulumene nazo, eKyiv-Pechersk Lavra”, zithathwa njengezona zibalulekileyo.
Izimvo zika-Audrey Azoulay, uMlawuli-Jikelele we-UNESCO
Umngeni wokuqala kukuphawula iindawo zelifa lemveli kunye nezikhumbuzo kunye nokukhumbula iwonga lazo elikhethekileyo njengeendawo ezikhuselweyo phantsi komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ndawo ye-UNESCO yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi ibonakala yonakalisiwe.
I-UNESCO ikwancede abasemagunyeni e-Ukraine ekuphawuleni iindawo zenkcubeko ngophawu olwahlukileyo lwekhaka eliluhlaza. Olu phawu lubonisa ukuba ipropati ikhuselwe phantsi kweNgqungquthela yaseHague ka-1954. Ngoko ke, naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho luthathwa njengokwaphulwa komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kwaye lunokutshutshiswa. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba akukho nanye yeendawo ezisixhenxe ze-UNESCO zeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi echaphazelekayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Ukubeka iziseko zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwixesha elizayo - iindawo zonqulo ezonakeleyo
Ngokurekhoda kunye nokubhala umonakalo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo zenkcubeko, i-UNESCO ayilumkisi nje ubunzima bemeko, kodwa ilungiselela ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwexesha elizayo. Nangona kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuqalisa umsebenzi, umbutho we-UN sele udale ingxowa-mali ezinikele kwizenzo zokuxhasa i-Ukraine kwaye uqalise isibheno seminikelo kuMazwe angamaLungu ukuze aphendule ngokukhawuleza.
Uluhlu lweendawo ezonakalisiweyo zenkolo nezenkcubeko ngokwengingqi nganye ukusukela nge-17 kaMeyi 2023 (Jonga iinkcukacha zoluhlu olungezantsi APHA)
IDonetsk Region: 71 iziza ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseKharkiv: iisayithi ezingama-55 ezonakalisiweyo
Kyiv Region: 38 iziza ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseLuhansk: Iindawo ze-32 ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseChernihiv: iisayithi ezili-17 ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseSumy: Iindawo ezili-12 ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseZaporizhia: iindawo ezili-11 ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseMykolaiv: iziza ezi-7 ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla we-Kherson: Iindawo ezi-4 ezonakalisiweyo
Zhytomyr Region: 3 iziza ezonakalisiweyo
I-Vinnytsia Ragion: iisayithi ezi-2 ezonakalisiweyo
Ummandla waseDnipropetrovk: Isayithi eli-1 lonakalisiwe
Ummandla we-Odesa: indawo ye-1 eyonakalisiweyo
Uvavanyo lwangaphambili kunye nezinye izibhengezo ze-UNESCO
Ngomhla wama-23 kuJuni 2022, ngokweetshekhi eziqhutywe ziingcali ze-UNESCO, iindawo zenkcubeko ze-152 ziye zatshatyalaliswa ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yokulwa, kubandakanywa izakhiwo zenkolo ze-70, izakhiwo zembali ze-30, amaziko enkcubeko ye-18, izikhumbuzo ze-15, iimyuziyam ze-12 kunye namathala eencwadi asixhenxe.
Izimvo zika-Audrey Azoulay, uMlawuli-Jikelele we-UNESCO
“Olu hlaselo luphindaphindiweyo kwiindawo zenkcubeko yaseUkraine kufuneka luyeke. Ilifa lenkcubeko, ngazo zonke iindlela, akufuneki lijoliswe kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Ndiyaliphinda ikhwelo lam lokuhlonitshwa komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wobuntu, ingakumbi iNgqungquthela yaseHague yoKhuselo lwePropati yeNkcubeko kwiSisehlo soNgqungquthela.
Nge-8 kaMatshi 2022, I-UNESCO yapapasha isitatimende esithi yayinxibelelana ngokusisigxina kunye nawo onke amaziko afanelekileyo, kunye neengcali zenkcubeko zase-Ukraine, ukuvavanya imeko kunye nokuqinisa ukukhuselwa kweepropati zenkcubeko.
I-UNESCO inike iingcebiso zobugcisa kwiingcali zenkcubeko kwinkalo yokukhusela izakhiwo. Imisebenzi yoluhlu kunye neendawo zokuhlala zachongwa ukuze zikhuseleke izinto ezinokuthi zihanjiswe, kwaye amanyathelo okulwa nomlilo aqiniswa.
Izimvo zika-Audrey Azoulay, uMlawuli-Jikelele we-UNESCO
Simele sikhusele ifa lenkcubeko e-Ukraine, njengobungqina bexesha elidlulileyo kodwa kwakhona njengento ekhuthaza uxolo kunye nokubambisana kwixesha elizayo, apho uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lunomsebenzi wokukhusela nokugcina.
