Abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kunye ne-Cyber ​​Power: Iimpembelelo zoBuchule boBuchule

Intsimi yokhuseleko lwe-cyber ayiqhelekanga kwi-hyperbole kunye ne-scaremongering-kuquka i-rhetoric ye-doom eqikelelwayo 'nge-Cyber ​​​​Pearl Harbour' okanye 'i-Cyber ​​9/11'. Kwi-AI, ukulingana kuya kuba ziingxoxo malunga nemingcipheko ekhoyo exhokonxa umzobo ka-Arnold Schwarzenegger. I-Terminator. Ngelixa zombini ukhuseleko lwe-cyber kunye ne-AI babelana ngomthwalo wemithwalo engabalulekanga, babelana ngento ebaluleke ngakumbi: I-AI kunye nokhuseleko lwe-cyber kungenzeka ukuba luxhomekeke omnye komnye. Amazwe kudala azama ukunciphisa umngcipheko kwaye amkele amathuba e-cyberpace. Njengabo ngoku dlala ukubamba phezulu kwiinzame zokulawula kunye nothethathethwano ngemigaqo ekwabelwana ngayo malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa i-AI, amazwe kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba idiplomacy yawo yonxibelelwano kunye nediplomacy ye-AI ayiqhutywa kwi-silos. Zifanele zilandelwe ngokusondeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Akukho lizwe lifuna ukushiyeka ngasemva kugqatso lokukhusela i-AI okanye i-cyberpace - nangona, ngokwenyani, amanye amazwe abekwe ngcono kunabanye ukulima inkqubo yendalo yasekhaya exhasa ukusungulwa kwe-AI kunye nokusebenzisa izibonelelo zayo zokusebenza. Ngelixa i-AI ikude nokuba luphuhliso olutsha kukhuseleko lwe-cyber, iya kuba njalo idibanisa ngakumbi kuyo yomibini imisebenzi ekhuselayo kunye nekhubekisayo kwi-cyberpace. Oku kuya kwandisa isantya kunye nesikali sothethathethwano, kuphakamisa imibuzo malunga nendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuqonda okwaneleyo kwabantu kunye nolawulo - kunye nendlela yokunyanzela ukhuphiswano ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusetyenziswa ngokungenangqondo okanye ukunyuka kwe-AI kwi-cyberspace.

I-Cyber ​​Diplomacy kunye ne-Cyber ​​Power

Ukuxhomekeka kwelinye kwe-AI namandla e-cyber (ngokufutshane: ukukwazi kwelizwe ukufezekisa iinjongo zayo ngaphakathi kunye nangothungelwano lwe-intanethi) ngumzekelo omangalisayo wendlela iintsingiselo zangoku kukhuphiswano lwe-geopolitical eyichaphazele indlela esicinga ngayo malunga nophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo. Olu ayilophuhliso olutsha. Iingxoxo zamazwe ngamazwe zokuziphatha korhulumente onoxanduva kwi-cyberspace kunye neenzame zokusebenzisana ngokuchasene nolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-intanethi ibe yinxalenye esemthethweni ye-ajenda yehlabathi. iminyaka eyi-20. Ngale nkqubo, amazwe kunye nabachaphazelekayo abangengorhulumente (ukusuka kwicandelo labucala ukuya kuluntu) baye bajijisana necala elimnyama lokunyuka kwe-intanethi kunye nobuchwepheshe bedijithali, bexoxa ngezoyikiso ezibangelwa ngabaphuli-mthetho be-cyber kunye namazwe anobutshaba. Inkqubo yozakuzo ibe namahla ndinyuka, kodwa iye yanikezela ngesivumelwano esivelayo malunga nokusebenza komthetho wamazwe ngamazwe kwi-cyberspace kunye nobukho boluhlu lwezithethe, imithetho kunye nemigaqo yokuzithandela ekufuneka ikhokele indlela yokuziphatha yamazwe apho. Iingxoxo ezininzi zisafuna ukusonjululwa, ezifana nezo zimalunga nokutolikwa kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemimiselo ekhoyo, ukufaneleka kwemimiselo emitsha ecacileyo, kunye neyona fomati engcono yeziko kwisigaba esilandelayo se-cyber diplomacy.

Abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kunye ne-Cyber ​​Diplomacy

E-UK nakwamanye amazwe, amasebe angaphandle aye asebenza ngakumbi kule ajenda. Kwinqanaba elinye, akumangalisi ukuba iNkonzo yeDiplomatic kufuneka ibe ngumdlali ohamba phambili kwiziko kwidiplomacy ye-cyber, kodwa kwelinye inqanaba kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba uninzi lwento ephambili yezi ngxoxo zezozakuzo zinento yokwenza nemisebenzi yokusebenza eyisizinda semikhosi exhobileyo yelizwe kunye neearhente zobuntlola. Ngenxa yoko, imeko yeziko yomgaqo-nkqubo we-cyber ixinene ngandlel' ithile - ngakumbi kwezo zizwe zinabo ngaphezulu 'amandla e-cyber', afana ne-UK. Abathathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo bamaziko baya kuba neembono ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuba umgaqo-nkqubo wombuso ufanele ube yintoni, kwaye ngokunxulumeneyo, izabelo zamashishini ezingenanzala imisiweyo zisemngciphekweni kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo.

Kuzo zonke ii-iterations ezine zeqhinga lase-UK (2009, 2011, 2016 kunye ne-2022), kuye kwabonakala ukuba i-UK inyuse utyalo-mali lwayo kwiinkalo zezopolitiko kunye nezangaphandle zomgaqo-nkqubo we-cyber. I-Ofisi yangaphandle, i-Commonwealth kunye ne-Ofisi yoPhuhliso (FCDO) iyasebenza kwiingxoxo ze-cyber zehlabathi kunye neengxoxo, kubandakanywa neeforamu ezifana ne-UN kunye ne-OSCE. Ibandakanyeka kwinkxaso-mali kunye nokuphuhlisa amandla e-cyber kwamanye amazwe kunye namaqumrhu ommandla. Ikwabandakanyeka kwinkcazo ye-UK yengcamango ye Uxanduva, Amandla onxibelelwano lweDemokhrasi, esebenza zombini njengomgaqo osisiseko wendlela i-UK ijongana ngayo nokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-cyber, kwaye njenge-trope yonxibelelwano olucwangcisiweyo njengoko i-UK izama ukubumba iingxoxo zasekhaya kunye nezamazwe ngamazwe malunga nendlela amazwe afanele azilungiselele ngayo ukusebenzisa amandla e-cyber ngendlela echanekileyo, elinganayo kunye nokulawulwa kakuhle.

Indima yabaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kule nkqubo inamacala amaninzi. Ukongeza ekukhokeleni iinzame zothethwano kwiiforam zezozakuzo, babonelela ngefestile ekucingeni kwamanye amazwe malunga nokuba izakhono ze-cyber kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwaye zilawulwe njani, kwaye zisebenze njengomthombo wokunika ingxelo malunga nezinto ezintsha ze-AI zangaphandle (zombini zesayensi kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo okanye ummiselo). Abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kudala bephulukene nemonopoly yabo ekulawuleni ubudlelwane namanye amazwe - abaphathiswa bezokhuselo, umzekelo, banesidingo esicacileyo sokugcina unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo nabalingane babo bangaphandle - kodwa kusekho indima yonxibelelaniso kubaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukuba lo msebenzi wobudlelwane bamazwe angaphandle ulandelwa ngokuhambelanayo.

Abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka baququzelelwe ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, umzekelo ngokudala amasebe e-cyber kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo weteknoloji evelayo. I-FCDO inesebe lomgaqo-nkqubo we-cyber iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, kwaye ikhule kakhulu ngelo xesha, kodwa kukho umbuzo osebenzayo wexesha elizayo malunga nokuba ukuhambelana okungaphezulu kunokusekwa ngokudibanisa isebe kunye nomlingani walo ojolise kumgaqo-nkqubo weteknoloji yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokufanayo, ngaphaya kwesebe lomgaqo-nkqubo, abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka baphucule isiseko solwazi kwizigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo ngokudala kunye nokubonelela amacandelo ophando kunye nohlalutyo. Kuwo onke amasebe angaphandle anyusa ubungakanani bomzamo wabo womgaqo-nkqubo kwi-AI kunye namandla e-cyber, umbuzo oluncedo onokuthi uwubuze kukuba ukonyuka okunengqiqo kuya kubonakala njani ekuxhaseni imisebenzi efana nophando. Umngcipheko wokulandela enye ngaphandle komnye kukuba iziko lifumana i-bang encinci kwi-buck yayo yonke. Ukuba amazwe axhalabile malunga nokhuphiswano lwe-geopolitical kwi-AI kunye namandla e-cyber - kwaye ngokucacileyo are ixhala – ngoko ke kukho imfuneko yovavanyo olucwangcisiweyo lwenkqubela phambili kwamanye amazwe. Oku kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokubambisana kunye namaqabane kunye namaqabane, kodwa okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukujonga amalungiselelo asekhaya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba afanelekile na injongo.

Iintlanganiso zeNtlanganiso: Ilungile okanye imbi?

Okokugqibela, ilizwi malunga nokusingathwa kwe-UK kwe Ingqungquthela yehlabathi yokhuseleko lwe-AI, ebhengezwe yinkulumbuso kutyelelo lwakhe lwakutsha nje e-US nolucwangciselwe ukuba luza kuphela kulo nyaka. Kulula ukugxeka okanye ukuwathandabuza amaphulo anjalo. Ngaba ixabiso liyathetheleleka ngenxa yeenzuzo ezinokubakho; ingaba i-bandwidth esemthethweni abayidlayo inokunikelwa kwezinye, izinto ezivelisa ngakumbi; okanye ngaba iintloko zendibano ezinkulu zikarhulumente ziza kuvelisa umfanekiso wothethathethwano olubambekayo, kodwa lukhokhelele ekusebenzeni okuncinci?

Ngobulungisa, ezi ngqungquthela zinokuba nendawo yazo, ukuba nje ziyinxalenye yomzamo obanzi. Bangabonisa ukuba iintloko zikarhulumente zinomdla, ezinokuqhuba umsebenzi we-bureaucratic. Nokuba uluhlu lwabazimasayo luthintelwe kwezona ndawo 'zifana' nazo, oku kusenokuba nexabiso (umzekelo wakutsha nje yi-US-lead. ISamithi yeDemokhrasi) kwaye kwixeshana elifutshane linokuba nemveliso ngakumbi, linceda ukulungelelanisa umdibaniso waloo mazwe azimisele kakhulu ukwamkela umngeni wokuqinisekisa ukuba impembelelo yobuchwephesha obusakhulayo ayijongeli phantsi idemokhrasi, inkululeko kunye namalungelo oluntu. Kodwa ukushumayela kwabaguqukileyo kuya kwenza okuninzi kuphela. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa enye indlela, efana neTshayina, ithengiswa ngamandla kumazwe sele iwamkele umyalezo wokuba itekhnoloji entsha yokucupha kunye nokulawula inokuphinda inike ingcebiso phakathi koorhulumente nabemi..

isiphelo

I-ajenda yehlabathi ye-cyber diplomacy sele ixakekile, kunye nengxoxo malunga nezithethe zokuziphatha kombuso kwi-cyberspace kunye isivumelwano esitsha solwaphulo-mthetho kwi-intanethi. Ngokufanayo, isiphakamiso sase-UK sengqungquthela yokhuseleko lwe-AI ngumzekelo omnye wokuqinisa iinzame zamazwe ngamazwe ukujongana neempembelelo ze-AI. Umceli mngeni kubaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle iya kuba kukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana phakathi kwezi ajenda zimbini, ngakumbi ukuqonda okuphambili kokuqonda iziphumo ze-AI kwidiplomacy ye-cyber norms. Abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka bazilungelelanise, balungelelanise ngokufanelekileyo (ngaphakathi kunye namahlakani), kunye negalelo kwinkqubo yokuqonda kunye nokubumba uphuhliso olufanelekileyo kwamanye amazwe. Iimpembelelo ze-AI kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha obuvelayo bamandla e-cyber zimele into ephambili ebalulekileyo kuzakuzo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle. Abaphathiswa bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka baziqhelanise nalo mngeni.

Iimbono ezivakaliswe kulo Mhlomlo zezombhali, kwaye azimeli ezo zeRUSI okanye naliphi na elinye iziko.

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