Amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo axhalabile ngokunzulu ngombono omtsha weSebe lezeMfundo lelizwe
Nangona emva kokuphuma kweGreat Britain kwi-European Union, abaninzi abantu ababejonge kwiSiqithi ukuba bagqibe imfundo ephakamileyo ehloniphekileyo, bajika iintloko zabo kwelinye ilizwe - eNetherlands.
Iiyunivesithi zaseDatshi zonwabela igama elihle kakhulu, kwaye zikwabonelela ngenani elikhulu lezifundo ngolwimi lwesiNgesi olwandayo lwehlabathi jikelele.
Ngaloo ndlela, ngaxa lithile ukuhamba kwabafundi baseYurophu (kwaye kungekhona kuphela) kwathunyelwa e-Amsterdam, Leiden, Utrecht, Tilburg, Eindhoven naseGöringen. Noko ke, ngoku, urhulumente waseDatshi ufuna ukukuphelisa oku aze anciphise ngokuqatha ukufundiswa kwesiNgesi kwiiyunivesithi zeli lizwe.
Umphathiswa wezemfundo eDutch uRobert Dijkgraaf uceba ukunciphisa ipesenti yeeyure ezifundiswa kwiiyunivesithi ngeelwimi zasemzini, ngelithi le meko ikhoyo ithwalise ubunzima amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kweli lizwe kwaye ingakhokelela ekuhleni komgangatho wemfundo.
Kuba 2022 kuphela, ilizwe lamkele phezu 115,000 abafundi ngamazwe, nto leyo emele malunga 35% yenani lilonke labo bonke abafundi abafunda kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo apho. Utyekelo kukuba isabelo sabo sikhule kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.
Umnqweno wabasemagunyeni kukunciphisa ukufundiswa kweelwimi zasemzini kweli lizwe kube malunga ne-1/3 yezifundo ezifundiswa kwiidyunivesithi.
Esi sithintelo siza emva kwenyanga yoMnga ophelileyo iSebe lezeMfundo lacela amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo ukuba ayeke ukukhangela abafundi bamanye amazwe. Umphathiswa uye wakhuthaza esi sigqibo ngento yokuba imfundo yaseDatshi yamazwe ngamazwe ikhokelela ekubeni abafundisi-ntsapho baxinzelele phantsi kunye nokungabikho kwendawo yokuhlala yabafundi.
Okwangoku, akukabikho isicwangciso esicacileyo malunga nendlela utshintsho olutsha oluya kwenzeka ngayo ngokufundiswa kolwimi lwasemzini, kwaye ngokutsho kwesithethi somnyango wecandelo, umbono kulo mbandela awubhekiseli kakhulu kubafundi bamanye amazwe njengoko kunjalo. ijolise ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezibi kumgangatho wemfundo efundiswayo.
“Olu kukhula lukhoyo ngoku luza kukhokelela ekubeni kugcwale iiholo zokufundisa, kuthwaliswe umthwalo onzima wootitshala, ukungabikho kweendawo zokuhlala zabafundi nokunciphisa ukufikelela kwiikharityhulam,” litshilo isebe kwingxelo ye-Euronews.
I-Netherlands ibisoloko idume ngamaziko ayo emfundo ephakamileyo, etsala abafundi abavela kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngoko ke, banoluvo lokuba ukuncitshiswa kwezifundo ngesiNgesi kuya kunceda ukubuyisela ibhalansi kwinkqubo, ukwenzela ukuba indawo ehamba phambili yamazwe ngamazwe eeyunivesithi zaseDatshi ayisongelwa.
UMphathiswa uDijkgraaf, kwicala lakhe, okwangoku ukubheja ekunciphiseni okukhulu kweelwimi zangaphandle ngeendleko zokuvuselela iinkqubo zolwimi lwesiDatshi.
Olunye uluvo kukusika iinkqubo zolwimi lwesiNgesi ngokupheleleyo ukushiya ngaphezulu kulwimi lwasekhaya. Enye yeyokuba kuphela ezinye iikhosi ezihlala kwisiNgesi, hayi iinkqubo ezipheleleyo.
Kuzo zombini iinketho, kuyenzeka ukuba wenze ngaphandle kwezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo apho kukho imfuneko ephambili yokutsala abasebenzi bamanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ziphawula ukuba izicwangciso ezitsha zeDijkgraaf ziphikisana nayo yonke ifilosofi yemfundo ephakamileyo yaseDatshi kwiminyaka yamuva.
NgokukaNuffic, umbutho wamaDatshi wokwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwimfundo, eNetherlands iyonke i-28% ye-bachelor's kunye ne-77% yeenkqubo ze-master zifundiswa ngokupheleleyo ngesiNgesi.
La manani abonisa ukuba ayimangalisi into yokuba iiyunivesithi zikwindawo ebambeneyo ngoku. Oku kuyinyani ngokupheleleyo kwiYunivesithi yeTekhnoloji yase-Eindhoven, efundisa zonke izifundo zayo zesidanga sokuqala kunye nesidanga sesiNgesi.
“Kukho ukungavisisani malunga nokuba la manyathelo matsha aya kubandakanya ntoni na ngokweenkcukacha. Kuthi, oku kuyingxaki kuba kwizifundo ezithile ezifana nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa okanye ubunjineli bombane, asifumani oonjingalwazi baneleyo abanokufundisa ngesiDatshi,” kuchaza uRobert -Jan Smits ovela kuLawulo lweSikolo seGraduate.
Ngokutsho kwakhe, iNetherlands ibisoloko inegama lokuba lilizwe elivulekileyo, elinyamezelayo nelikhululekileyo, kwaye yonke impumelelo yayo ngokwembali isekelwe kule migaqo.
IYunivesithi yase-Eindhoven ayisiyiyo yodwa ephakamisa ilizwi layo ngokuchasene nesiphakamiso sokunciphisa ulwimi lwesiNgesi kwiidyunivesithi.
“Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uza kuba yingozi kakhulu kuqoqosho lwamaDatshi. Kuya kuba nefuthe elibi ekuqaliseni nasekukhuleni. AmaDatshi ebesoloko egxininisa indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukugcina ‘uqoqosho lolwazi’, kodwa ngoku ndiyabona ukuba oku kusemngciphekweni njengoko italente inakho ukusishiya,” ucacisa ngelitshoyo uNjingalwazi onguNjingalwazi wezoQoqosho uDavid Schindler weYunivesithi yaseTilburg.
“Akukho mathandabuzo okuba abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe bahlawula ngaphezu kokuba bekufanele. Benza inxalenye ebalulekileyo yabo bonke abafundi kwaye bagcina iingcango zeeyunivesithi ezininzi zivulekile. Ngaphandle kwabo, zonke iinkalo zoqeqesho ziya kucutheka kakhulu kwaye zisenokuwa xa le nkxaso-mali inyamalala ”, wongezelela.
Ngokophononongo lwamva nje olwenziwe yi-Dutch Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, abafundi bamazwe angaphandle banegalelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-17,000 ye-euro kuqoqosho lwamaDatshi kumfundi osuka kwi-European Union kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-96,300 yee-euro kubafundi abangengabo abe-EU.
I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMfundo ayifuni ukuphulukana nabo bonke abafundi bamazwe angaphandle - ngokuchaseneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kwabo, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza aba bafundi ukuba bafunde ulwimi lwesiDatshi ukuze bazibone ngcono kwimarike yomsebenzi.
Ngokutsho kweSmits yeYunivesithi yeTekhnoloji yase-Eindhoven, oku akunjalo ngokwenene. Ngokutsho kwakhe, i-65% yabaphumelele kwiziko lemfundo bahlala eNetherlands, nangona iinkqubo zaseyunivesithi zingesiNgesi kuphela.
Unoluvo lokuba utshintsho luya kuba nesiphumo esichaseneyo - abafundi abasayi kuphinda bathathele ingqalelo iNetherlands njengokhetho lwemfundo yabo ephakamileyo.
USmits ubona iinguqu zezopolitiko kwisigqibo sokuyeka izifundo zesiNgesi.
“Kukho ingxoxo enkulu epalamente malunga nokuthontelana kwabaphambukeli. Kukho intshukumo yobuzwe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Iingxoxo-mpikiswano ziyaqala ukwenzeka nakwinkqubo yezemfundo. Imibutho engoopopali iyaqala ukubuza ukuba kutheni siza kuxhasa imfundo yabantu basemzini, kungcono siyisebenzisele abantu bethu le mali,” utshilo.
Kuye, le yeyona ngxaki inkulu - le ntetho yobuhlanga obugqithisileyo iba ngumkhwa ochaphazela nenkqubo yezemfundo.
Ifoto nguBBFotoj: https://www.pexels.com/photo/grayscale-photo-of-concrete-buildings-near-the-river-12297499/
