ILalish, ilali encinane esentabeni eKurdistan enabemi 25 nje, yeyona ndawo ingcwele emhlabeni kubantu baseYazidi. KumaYazidis into eyiMecca kumaSilamsi. Inkolo ye-Yazidi iyaziwa ngokuba yimfihlelo, kwaye iLalish yindawo yokuhambela i-Yazidis evela kwihlabathi lonke.
Ngoobani iYazidis?
I-Yazidis yinkolo yakudala yamaKurdish angamalungu abaleke ukusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, esasazwe luqhwithela lwe-Islamic State (IS) eSinjar, uninzi lwedolophu yaseYazidi ekumntla-ntshona weIraq, kwaye. iindawo eziyingqongileyo. I-Yazidis iphawulwe ngamaKristu amaninzi kunye namaSilamsi njengabanquli bakasathana kwaye bahlala betshutshiswa. Eli hlelo lilandela iimfundiso zikaSheik Adi, indoda engcwele eyasweleka ngo-1162, kwaye imfihlo yakhe ilele kwindawo engcwele kwiNtlambo yaseLalish, malunga neekhilomitha ezili-15 empuma yeMosul. Le ndlu ingcwele izele zizipawuli ezintle nezinembuyekezo zithe ngcu phezu kwemithi yaye zilawula kule ntlambo ichumileyo. I-Yazidis ayivumelekanga ukulimaza izityalo okanye izilwanyana kwintlambo, kwaye abahambi ngezonqulo bahlamba ngokuzithoba emifuleni kwiinkonzo zokuhlanjululwa ngaphambi kokutyelela i-shrine.
Ukholo lweYazidi yinkolo ehambelanayo edibanisa izinto zeZoroastrianism, ubuSilamsi, ubuKristu kunye nobuJuda. I-Yazidis ikholelwa kuThixo omnye owadala ihlabathi kwaye waliphathisa iingelosi ezisixhenxe, eyona nto ibalulekileyo nguMelek Taus, i-Peacock Angel. AmaYazidis akholelwa ukuba uMelek Taus wala ukuqubuda kuAdam, umntu wokuqala, waza wagxothwa ezulwini nguThixo. I-Yazidis ikholelwa ukuba uMelek Taus waguquka waza waxolelwa nguThixo, kwaye ngoku ungumlamli phakathi koThixo noluntu.
Lalish: Indawo Engcwele
ILalish kunye neetempile zayo zimalunga 4,000 iminyaka ubudala. Itempile yayo ephambili yakhiwa ngamaSumeri amandulo kunye nezinye iimpucuko zaseMesopotamiya. Ngo-1162, itempile yaba lingcwaba likaSheikh Adi Ibn Musafir, ethathwa nguYazidis ukuba "yingelosi yepikoko" - enye yezidalwa ezingcwele ezisixhenxe uThixo abanike umhlaba emva kokudala. Isakhiwo setempile yeyona ndawo ingcwele emhlabeni yeYazidis.
Xa undwendwela iLalish, umntu unokuziva ukonwaba kunye nolonwabo emoyeni. Ukuhleka kwabantwana kudada emithini, kwiipikiniki zeentsapho ezincotsheni zeenduli, yaye abantu bahambahamba ngaphandle kongxamiseko. I-Yazidis ikholelwa ukuba iLalish kulapho umkhombe kaNowa waqala ukubetha umhlaba owomileyo emva komkhukula kwaye uhlala kwindawo abakholelwa ukuba yayingumyezo wase-Eden.
Imeko yangoku
Ngo-2011, ingcwele yentaba yaseLalish yayiyindawo engaqhelekanga, kunye namadoda amadala ehleli ekukhanyeni kwelanga emthandazweni kunye nencoko, abafazi kunye nabantwana basebenzisa iinyawo zabo ezingenanto ukutyumza ioli yeoli kwimibhobho yamandulo yamatye, kunye netempile yakudala ehleli phezulu. indawo engcwele ejikelezwe ziintendelezo ezinomthunzi. Noko ke, imeko iye yatshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukususela ngoko. I-Yazidis iselubhacweni kwilizwe labo lokomoya e-Iraq, ethoba inkcubeko yabo yakudala. Imeko imbi kakhulu, yaye abantu boyika kakhulu ngoLalish. Uninzi lweentsapho ezihlala apho ngoku zisengozini kwaye zinokuzama ukubaleka kude Ukuqhubela phambili kwe-ISIS.
Ukutshutshiswa kweYazidis
I-Yazidis itshutshiswe kangangeenkulungwane, kwaye inkolo yabo ayiqondwa kakuhle kwaye ichazwa kakubi ngabaninzi. Ngo-Agasti 2014, i-Islamic State (IS) yahlasela uluntu lwaseYazidi eSinjar, yabulala kwaye yagqilaza amawaka abantu. I-Yazidis yayijoliswe kuba yayibonwa njengabangakholwayo kunye nabanquli bomtyholi ngamajoni e-IS. Amajoni e-IS nawo atshabalalisa iYazidi Iindawo eziphakamileyo kunye neetempile, kuquka nesakhiwo setempile yaseLalish.
Utshutshiso lweYazidis lugwetywe luluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye kwenziwe iinzame zokubonelela ngoncedo kunye nenkxaso kubabaleki baseYazidi. Nangona kunjalo, imeko ihlala ibuhlungu kuninzi lwe-Yazidis, abaye baxoshwa kumakhaya abo kwaye baphoqeleka ukuba bahlale kwiinkampu zababaleki.
Ikamva leLalish
Ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa kwesakhiwo setempile yaseLalish ngabahlaseli be-IS, abantu baseYazidi bahlala bezinikele elukholweni lwabo nakwindawo yabo engcwele. Iinzame ziyaqhubeka ukuphinda kwakhiwe izakhiwo zetempile kunye nokuhlaziya iindawo ezingcwele kunye neetempile ezatshatyalaliswayo. I-Yazidis nayo isebenzela ukugcina inkcubeko kunye nezithethe zabo zakudala, eziye zasongelwa yi ugonyamelo nentshutshiso baye bajongana.
Ikamva labantu baseLalish kunye neYazidi lihlala lingaqinisekanga, kodwa ukuqina kunye nokuzimisela kweYazidis kunika ithemba lokuba baya kukwazi ukunqoba imingeni abajongene nayo. I-Lalish iya kuhlala iyintliziyo yokholo lwe-Yazidi, indawo yokuhambela kunye nesimboli sethemba kunye nokuqina kwabantu baseYazidi.
Isiphelo Ndiza kugqiba ngokushwankathela ukuba iLalish yindawo engcwele yabantu baseYazidi, kwaye yindawo yokuhambela i-Yazidis evela kwihlabathi lonke. Imeko yase-Iraq yenze kwanzima ukuba uYazidis atyelele iLalish, kwaye uninzi luselubhacweni kwilizwe labo lokomoya. Nangona kunjalo, uLalish uhlala engumqondiso wethemba kunye nokholo kubantu baseYazidi. Utshutshiso lweYazidis lugwetywe luluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye kwenziwe iinzame zokubonelela ngoncedo kunye nenkxaso kubabaleki baseYazidi. Ikamva labantu baseLalish kunye neYazidi lihlala lingaqinisekanga, kodwa ukuqina kunye nokuzimisela kweYazidis kunika ithemba lokuba baya kukwazi ukunqoba imingeni abajongene nayo.
