Iziphumo ziye zafaka isizwe saseCaribbean kwintlekele eqhubekayo yezopolitiko kunye noluntu. Okwangoku, kukho "amanqanaba okuchas' umthetho angazange abonwe ngaphambili", UNODCUmmeli wengingqi uSylvie Bertrand uxelele Iindaba ze-UN.
Ukusuka kwii-AK-47s zaseRussia kunye nee-AR-15 ezenziwe e-United States ukuya kwi-Israel Galil yokubetha imipu, ispike ekurhwebeni ngezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo ziye zabamba iHaiti ukusukela ngo-2021, yatsho iOfisi ye-UN yeZiyobisi kunye noLwaphulo-mthetho (UNODC) kutsha nje. umbiko kurhwebo lwezixhobo olungekho mthethweni eHaiti.
Uninzi lwezi zixhobo zingekho mthethweni zisemva kweengxelo zeendaba zamva nje zokuhlaselwa kwabantu abaninzi, ukuphangwa kwenyambalala, ukuxhwilwa nokuhlaselwa kweentolongo ukuze kukhululwe amawaka amabanjwa, nto leyo eye yagxotha abantu baseHaiti abangaphezu kwama-362,000 ababaleka ugonyamelo.
Abantu abagxothiweyo bahlala kwindawo yamanqindi kumbindi wedolophu yasePort-au-Prince emva kokubaleka amakhaya abo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwemigewu ngo-Agasti ka-2023.
Amandla omlilo ngaphezu kwamapolisa
Amanye amaqela emigulukudu asebenzisa ukurhweba ngezixhobo ngenjongo yokwandisa ukufikelela kwawo kunye nokubanga iindawo ezicwangcisiweyo ezithintela iinzame zokumisa ukungena ngokungekho mthethweni kwezixhobo ezingakumbi, ngokutsho kwengcali ezimeleyo kunye nombhali Iimarike zoLwaphulo-mthetho zaseHaiti Robert Muggah.
“Sinemeko ephazamisayo nengalawulekiyo eHaiti, mhlawumbi eyona nto imbi kakhulu endakha ndayibona kwiminyaka engama-20 ndisebenza kweli lizwe,” utshilo uMnu. Muggah.
Kuthutyeleziswa kakhulu e-US, ezi "zixhobo zibulalayo" zithetha ukuba amaqela emigulukudu "anamandla omlilo angaphezu kwawaPolisa eSizwe saseHaiti", ngokutsho kweqela leengcali ze-UN ezityholwa ngokubeka iliso kwizohlwayo. IBhunga lezoKhuseleko yanyanzeliswa eHaiti ngo-2022 phakathi kobundlobongela bemigulukudu exhobileyo.
Ingxaki kukuba njengoko izixhobo ezininzi zingena, kokukhona imigewu yandisa ulawulo lwawo kwiindawo ezicwangcisiweyo ezifana namazibuko kunye neendlela, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuba abasemagunyeni bathintele ukuthengiswa kwezixhobo, utshilo uNksz Bertrand weUNODC.
Iziphumo emhlabeni
Ezinye zeziphumo zobundlobongela obuxhaphakileyo zemigulukudu ziqhubeka kulo lonke elaseHaiti.
Uhlalutyo oluxhaswa yi-UN lufumanise ukuba phantse isiqingatha sabemi baseHaiti abazizigidi ezili-11.7 bayafuneka uncedo lokutya, yaye ukufuduswa kwabantu abaninzi kuyaqhubeka njengoko abantu bebalekela kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Izibhedlele zinika ingxelo yokunyuka okuthe kratya kwenani lokufa kwemipu kunye nokwenzakala.
"Inani elandayo lezixhobo ezijikelezayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zemfazwe kunempembelelo ekubulaweni nasekuqineni kwamanxeba enziwayo," abasebenzi bezonyango eHaiti baxelele iqela leengcali ze-UN.
Umlilo uvutha njengoko abantu baseHaiti beqhankqalaza ngo-2022 ngenxa yokungakwazi kukarhulumente ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kwikomkhulu, iPort-au-Prince. (ifayile)
Ukwenza imephu yeendawo ezilawulwa yimigulukudu
Kuqikelelwa ukuba amaqela axhobileyo angama-150 ukuya kwangama-200 ngoku asebenza kulo lonke elaseHaiti, ilizwe elabelana ngesiqithi sase-Hispaniola neDominican Republic, utshilo uMnu. Muggah, oyingcali ezimeleyo yokhuseleko nophuhliso.
Ngoku, malunga nama-23 amaqela emigulukudu asebenza kwidolophu enkulu yasePort-au-Prince, ahlule abe yimbumba ezimbini ezinkulu: iG-Pèp, ekhokelwa nguGabriel Jean Pierre, okwabizwa ngokuba nguTi Gabriel, kunye neG9 Family and Allies, ekhokelwa nguGabriel Jean Pierre. nguJimmy Chérizier, owaziwa ngokuba yiBarbecue.
Kwiinyanga zakutshanje, amaqela amabini aphikisanayo ahlangene "kuhlaselo olulungelelanisiweyo" olujolise kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya, iNdlu yeSizwe, iThiyetha yeSizwe, izibhedlele, izikolo, izikhululo zamapolisa, iiofisi zezithethe kunye namachweba, "ngokunyanzelisa intando yabo kunye nokwandisa indawo yabo", wacacisa.
"Imigulukudu eneneni ilawula imimandla enobuchule kakhulu kwikomkhulu kunye neendlela eziphambili ezidibanisa iPort-au-Prince ukuya kumazibuko kunye nemida yomhlaba kunye needolophu neendawo eziselunxwemeni, apho sibona uninzi lokurhweba lusenzeka," utshilo uMnu. watsho uMuggah.
Imoto etshileyo isebenza njengomqobo kwisitrato sasePort-au-Prince. Ekubeni kukho amaqela emigulukudu angaphezu kwe-150 elizweni nakulo lonke eli lizwe, zonke iindlela zokungena neziphumayo kwikomkhulu laseHaiti ngoku ziphantsi kolawulo lweqela lemigulukudu.
Imfuno: Umgangatho omkhulu kunye 'nemipu yesiporho'
Ukurhweba ngezixhobo lishishini elinengeniso kakhulu, kwanakwimilinganiselo emincinane, njengoko imfuneko yezixhobo isanda namaxabiso exhomile, igqiza leengcaphephe lafumanisa.
Umzekelo, i-5.56mm semi-automatic rifle exabisa amakhulu ambalwa eedola e-US ithengiswa rhoqo ngee-$5,000 ukuya kwi-8,000 yeedola eHaiti.
Iziphumo zabonisa ngakumbi ubukho “bemipu yesiporho”, eyenziwe ngasese ngokulula ngokuthenga iinxalenye kwi-Intanethi, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwa iinkqubo zolawulo ezisebenza kwimipu eyenziwe efektri. Ezi zixhobo azilandelelwanga ngoko ke azifumaneki.
Imipu ithinjwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwemida.
Ubonelelo: Imithombo yase-US kunye neendlela
Inani elincinci lamaqela aseHaiti likhethekileyo kakhulu ekufumaneni, ukugcinwa kunye nokusabalalisa izixhobo kunye nezixhobo, ngokwengxelo ye-UNODC.
Uninzi lwemipu kunye nezixhobo ezithengiswa eHaiti, nokuba ngokuthe ngqo okanye kwelinye ilizwe, zivela eUnited States, utshilo uNksz Bertrand we-UNODC, esongeza ukuba izixhobo kunye neembumbulu zithengwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokuthengisa ezinelayisenisi, imiboniso yompu okanye iivenkile ze-pawn kwaye zithunyelwa. ngolwandle.
Ukukrokrelana kuye kwavela kwimisebenzi engekho mthethweni ebandakanya iinqwelomoya ezingabhaliswanga kunye nezikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezincinci kunxweme olusemazantsi eFlorida kunye nobukho beenqwelomoya ezifihlakeleyo eHaiti, wongezelela.
Ulwaphulo lokurhweba
I-UNODC ichonge iindlela ezine zokurhweba zisebenzisa imida yaseHaiti, ezimbini zisuka eFlorida ngeenqanawa zempahla eziya ePort-au-Prince kwaye ukuya emantla nasentshona kumanxweme eTurks naseCaicos naseBahamas kunye nabanye ngeenqanawa zeenqanawa, iinqanawa zokuloba, iinqanawa okanye iinqwelomoya ezincinci. Ukufika kwisixeko esisemantla eCap Haitien kunye nokunqumla umhlaba ukusuka kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseDominican.
Uninzi lokubamba olwenziwa ngabasemagunyeni e-US luye lwaqhutywa eMiami, kwaye nangona ii-arhente zolawulo ziliphindaphinde kabini inani lokukhangelwa ngo-2023, abasemagunyeni ngamanye amaxesha abazifumani iingalo kunye neembumbulu ezingekho mthethweni, zihlala zifihlwe phakathi kweepakethe ezifakwe ngokuqinileyo zazo zonke iimilo kunye nobukhulu, ngokutsho kwe-UNODC. .
Ukwenza "i-dent ephawulekayo ekuhambeni kwezixhobo elizweni", i-arhente ye-UN iqeqesha "iiyunithi zokulawula" kumachweba kunye nezikhululo zeenqwelo moya ezibandakanya amapolisa kunye namagosa aseburhulumenteni kunye ne-Coast Guard ukuchonga nokuhlola izitya ezinomngcipheko ophezulu kunye nemithwalo kunye isebenza ukuququzelela ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwe-radar kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibalulekileyo, uNksz Bertrand uthe.
Abantu ababaleke amakhaya abo ngenxa yobundlobongela ngoku bahlala kwisikolo esikwisikolo sasePort-au-Prince.
Uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka 'lunyuke'
Kodwa, ukhuseleko kufuneka luzinziswe ukuze kuphuculwe amandla eHaiti okubeka iliso kunye nokulawula yonke imida yayo, utshilo, esongeza ukuba "amagosa ogcino-mthetho axakeke kakhulu ezama ukubamba ingxaki kwizitrato zasePort-au-Prince."
Ngokumalunga neBhunga loKhuseleko le-UN elizayo eligunyazisiweyo Umsebenzi wenkxaso yokhuseleko lwezizwe ngezizwe, UNksz Bertrand uthe kuya kubaluleka "ukuxhasa umsebenzi onesibindi osele wenziwa ngamapolisa".
UMnu Muggah wavuma, esithi ukomeleza iPolisa yeSizwe yaseHaiti "yinto ephambili ngokupheleleyo".
"Kwimeko ye-geopolitical apho abaninzi abadlali bekhubazekile kwezinye iimeko ukuba baphendule", walumkisa, uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lu "noxanduva olubaluleke kakhulu" lokuxhasa iHaiti ngeli xesha lesidingo esinzima "kuba imeko embi ingaba mbi kakhulu. ukuba asinyuki”.
