Ukutyhila amafa obukhoboka

Umbhali-mbali owaziwayo uMhlekazi uHilary Beckles, okwangusihlalo weCaribbean Community’s Reparations Commission, wathi: “Uthetha ngolona lwaphulo-mthetho luqatha olwakha lwenziwa eluntwini, ecinga ngorhwebo oluwela iAtlantiki olwakhobokisa abantu baseAfrika abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-10 kwiinkulungwane ezine.

“Ubani usenokuthi yayiliziko elapheliswa kwiminyaka engama-200 eyadlulayo, kodwa mandikuxelele oku,” wacacisa wathi, “akukho ziko lempucuko kule minyaka ingama-500 idluleyo okanye ngaphezulu, eliye lalitshintsha ihlabathi ngokunzulu njengelo xesha. ukurhweba ngamakhoboka kuwela iAtlantiki nobukhoboka.”

Ukukhumbula ubukhoboka ngenkulungwane yama-21

Kumsitho okhethekileyo weNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ukwenzela Usuku lwaMazwe ngaMazwe lokuKhumbula amaXhoba oBukhoboka kunye noRhwebo lobukhoboka eTransatlantic, iphawulwe ngonyaka nge-25 Matshi, izithethi zeendwendwe zibandakanya uSir Beckles kunye ne-activist eneminyaka eyi-15 uYolanda Renee King wase-United States.

“Namhlanje ndimi phambi kwenu njengenzala enebhongo yabantu abangamakhoboka ababexhathise ubukhoboka nobuhlanga,” uNks. waxelela umzimba wehlabathi.

Wathi: “Njengobamkhulu nomakhulu, uGqr. Martin Luther King Omnci. noCoretta Scott King, abazali bam, uMartin Luther King III noArndrea Waters King, nabo baye banikela ubomi babo ukuze baphelise ubuhlanga nazo zonke iintlobo zocalucalulo. nocalucalulo. Njengabo, ndizimisele ukulwa nokungabikho kokusesikweni kobuhlanga nasekuqhubekeni phambili nelifa likamakhulu notatomkhulu.” 

Iindaba ze-UN wabamba uNksz. King kunye noSir Beckles ukubabuza ukuba uSuku lweSikhumbuzo lweZizwe ngezizwe luthetha ntoni kubo.

Iindaba zeUN: Urhwebo olunqumla iAtlantiki lwabemi baseAfrika ababengamakhoboka lwapheliswa kwiinkulungwane ezadlulayo. Kutheni kusabalulekile ukuba ihlabathi liyikhumbule?

UMhlekazi uHilary Beckles: Xa sisithi kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, ewe, mhlawumbi ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-200, kodwa ubukhoboka kunye namashishini okuthengisa ngamakhoboka ayewona mashishini amakhulu ezorhwebo kwihlabathi ngelo xesha kwaye ayenempembelelo kwisakhiwo soqoqosho lwehlabathi, ezopolitiko, ubudlelwane bobuhlanga kunye nenkcubeko. ubudlelwane kunye nendlela iinkcubeko eziye zadibana ngayo. Impembelelo ibinzulu kwaye ihleli kwaye igcinwe kwizizukulwana ezininzi.

Yolanda Renee King: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kubekho uhlobo oluthile lokuvunywa. Lusuku lokucinga. Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka siyamkele imbali yethu, iimpazamo zethu kunye neentlungu. Asikafikeleli kwisakhono esipheleleyo sehlabathi lethu ngenxa yorhwebo oluwela iAtlantiki kubantu abangamakhoboka.

Umboniso weMemori yoBukhoboka kwiProjekthi ye-UNESCO's Slave Route eParis. (ifayile)

Iindaba ze-UN: Ngawaphi amafa okurhweba nge-atlantic kuma-Afrika angamakhoboka asekunye nathi namhlanje?

Yolanda Renee King: Kusekho iintsalela zolo buhlanga, kolocalucalulo. Kufuneka siyamkele imvelaphi ukuze sisombulule ingxaki nokusombulula imiba. Ngokucacileyo luninzi ucalucalulo kunye nobuhlanga kuyo yonke indawo. Ngelixa siye, kwinkulungwane nganye, senze umtsi, ndicinga ukuba kusekho imiba ekhoyo.

Ukuze siwusombulule lo mba, kufuneka siqale siwuvume.

Ingakumbi ngoku kunanini na ngaphambili, sibona ukutyhala okukhulu umva. Sibona ukwanda kobuhlanga hayi nje ubuhlanga, kodwa ucalucalulo olujoliswe kuwo onke amaqela ahlelelekileyo ngokubanzi.

UMhlekazi uHilary Beckles: Imiphumo ibe mikhulu kakhulu. Siyabubona ubungqina baloo malifa kuyo yonke indawo, kungekuphela nje kwiindawo apho kwakusenziwa khona, njengakumazwe aseMerika iphela, kodwa eAfrika ukusa kumlinganiselo othile eAsia.

Asiyiboni kuphela kwimiba ecacileyo yobudlelwane bobuhlanga kunye nokuphuhliswa kobuhlanga njengentanda-bulumko yombutho wezentlalo, apho uninzi loluntu oluthe lwachukumiseka ngoku lwakhiwe ngendlela yokuba abantu bomnombo waseAfrika bajongwe njengabona bantu bacalulwayo. yaye inzala yabantu ababekhotyokisiwe isathwaxwa bubuhlanga.

Ukuba ujonga amazwe aneziganeko ezinkulu zezifo ezingapheliyo, abantu abaMnyama banomlinganiselo ophezulu wezigulane zabantu abadala abanesifo seswekile kwihlabathi.

Isiqithi apho ndisuka khona, iBarbados, ithathwa njengekhaya lobukhoboka be-chattel apho ikhowudi yekhoboka ngo-1616 yaba yikhowudi yekhoboka kuyo yonke iMelika apho abantu baseAfrika bachazwa njengepropati ye-chattel engeyoyabantu. Ngoku, iBarbados inesona siganeko siphezulu seswekile ehlabathini kunye neyona pesenti iphezulu yokunqunyulwa kwamalungu. 

Akunakwenzeka ukuba isiqithi esincinci sasiyisiqithi sokuqala ukuba sibe nesininzi saseAfrika kunye nabemi abakhotyokisiweyo ngoku badibaniswa nokunqunyulwa okukhulu kwezigulane ezinesifo sikashukela emhlabeni.

Isiqithi saseGorée esikunxweme lwaseSenegal siyindawo yelifa le-UNESCO kunye nesimboli sokubandezeleka, intlungu kunye nokufa korhwebo lwekhoboka lwe-transatlantic.

Iindaba ze-UN: Kufuneka kujongwane njani loo malifa?

Yolanda Renee King: Ukuba ufuna ukuba nehlabathi elinocalucalulo kunye nocalucalulo kunye nayo yonke le nto kwaye ufuna ubunzima bexesha elizayo, qhubeka ushiye izinto ngendlela eziyiyo namhlanje.

Kodwa, ukuba ufuna utshintsho, ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukwenza into, ndicinga ukuba eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza oko kukwenza ukuba iinkokeli zethu ziphendule kwaye sizise le miba kubo. Ngabo abaza kugqiba kungekuphela nje ikamva lakho, kodwa ikamva lomntwana wakho, ikamva losapho lwakho kunye nabo basemva kwakho, ikamva labo.

USir Hilary Beckles, i-Vice-Chancellor yeYunivesithi yaseWest Indies kunye noSihlalo weKomishoni yoLungiso loLuntu lwaseCaribbean (CARICOM), uthetha kwiNdibano Jikelele.

UMhlekazi uHilary Beckles: Sisajongana nokulungisa imiba engundoqo yobukoloniyali, ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala, ukungondleki okugqithisileyo kunye nesifo esingapheliyo, kunye nokulungisa le miba kufuna isixa esikhulu sotyalo-mali kwinkunzi. Ke, xa sithetha ngobulungisa, eyona nto siyithethayo kumakholoniyali kunye namakhoboka asishiye ngasemva: “Eli lilifa lakho, kwaye ubulungisa bokubuyisela buthi kufuneka ubuyele kwindawo yolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye uququzelele ukucoceka. ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza. "

Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu okanye amashumi amane eyadlulayo, ubulungisa bembuyekezo yayiyingcamango eyatsala inkxaso encinane kakhulu. Ngokuchaza ngokutsha umba wembuyekezo, sithe zimalunga nokulungisa umonakalo owenziwe ebantwini, kuluntu nakwizizwe. Le miba kufuneka ilungiswe ukuba la mazwe anethuba lokuba nophuhliso.

Sifumanise ukuba oorhulumente baseAfrika ngoku abaxhotyiswe ngolwazi lwembali bayakwazi ukuthi “sifuna ukuba nencoko malunga nembuyekezo; sifuna ukuthetha ngayo.” Leyo yayiyenye yeempumelelo ezinkulu zenyikima. Xa iManyano ye-Afrika yadibana ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo yaza yabhengeza ukuba u-2025 iza kuba ngunyaka wembuyekezo yase-Afrika, leyo yayiyimpumelelo enkulu eyimbali.

Iindaba ze-UN: UNks. King, iqhawe likatatomkhulu wakho Ndinephupha intetho eWashington ngo-1963 iyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izizukulwana ukuba ziqhubele phambili kumzabalazo wamalungelo. Amaphupha akhe ayengomhla apho abantu baya kugwetywa ngokwesimilo sabo, hayi ibala lolusu lwabo. Ngaba iphupha lakhe lizalisekile ngo-2024, kwaye wakha waziva ugwetyiwe ngombala wolusu lwakho?

Yolanda Renee King: Andiqondi ukuba sele sifikelele kwelo phupha. Ndicinga ukuba kubekho inkqubela ethile. Ndicinga ukuba kukho imitsi ethile ukusukela oko kwenziwa intetho. Kodwa, akufuneki sibe kule ndawo sikuyo ngoku. Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sibe phambili ngakumbi. Yaye ukuba yena nomakhulu wam bebesaphila, ndicinga ukuba thina njengoluntu besiya kuba kude kakhulu kunokuba sikuyo ngoku.

Njengomntu oNtsundu, ndicinga ukuba ngelishwa sonke siye sajongana nocalucalulo nomgwebo. Ngelishwa, ewe, kukho amaxesha apho ndiye ndagwetywa ngokusekelwe kuhlanga lwam. Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka sifumane indlela yokuqhubela phambili, kwaye kufuneka siqale ukwenza amaqhinga.

Ndicinga ukuba abantu abaninzi, kunokuba bathethe ngephupha kwaye balizukise kwaye balibhiyozele kwaye babeke i-tweet evumayo [uMartin Luther King] Usuku lwe-MLK, ngokwenene kufuneka siqale ukuthatha inyathelo elithile ukuze siqhubele phambili njengoluntu. , ukuze aphucule kwaye abe kwihlabathi apho wachaza kulo ntetho.

#Khumbula ubukhoboka, #Fight Racism: Kutheni ngoku?

UMlawuli oyiNtloko we-UNFPA uNatalia Kanem uthetha ekuvulweni komboniso we-Ibo Landing eNew York.

I-UN iye yabamba uthotho lwemisitho eyodwa ukuqaqambisa iVeki yoManyano naBantu abaSilwa uCalucalulo ngokobuhlanga noCalucalulo ngokobuhlanga, ukusuka ngomhla wama-21 ukuya kowama-27 kweyoKwindla, nokuphawula iinyanga zokugqibela Ishumi leminyaka laMazwe ngaMazwe laBantu bomnombo waseAfrika.

Ukufumana ngakumbi kunye nokufikelela kumaxwebhu angundoqo, iingqungquthela kunye nolwazi, tyelela i-UN inkqubo yokufikelela kurhwebo ngamakhoboka eAtlantiki kunye nobukhoboka kwaye #Khumbula ubukhoboka.