Imigewu kuxelwe ukuba ilawula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 pesenti yePort-au-Prince, iphakamisa inkxalabo yokuba indlala isetyenziswa njengesixhobo ukunyanzela abantu balapha kwaye babambe amaqela axhobileyo.
Balawula iindlela eziphambili kwiindawo zokulima ukuya emantla nasezantsi kwaye baye baphazamisa ukuhanjiswa kwempahla, kuquka nokutya.
Oku kwilizwe elinabemi abaninzi basezilalini abangabalimi abakholelwa ukuba banokuzixhasa ngokutya.
Ke, yintoni ephosakeleyo?
Nazi izinto ezintlanu ekufuneka uzazi malunga nemeko yokhuseleko lokutya eHaiti:
Abantwana baseHaiti batya ukutya okushushu okulungiselelwe yi-UN kunye namaqabane esikolweni.
Ngaba amanqanaba endlala ayenyuka?
Kukho abantu abamalunga ne-11 lezigidi eHaiti kwaye ngokutsho kwakutshanje Uhlalutyo oluxhaswa yi-UN Ukhuseleko lokutya elizweni malunga ne-4.97 yezigidi, phantse isiqingatha sabemi, bafuna uhlobo loncedo lokutya.
Abanye abantu abazizigidi ezisisi-1.64 bajongene namanqanaba kaxakeka okungakhuseleki kokutya.
Abantwana bachaphazeleka ngakumbi, ngokunyuka okothusayo kweepesenti ezili-19 kwinani eliqikelelwa ukuba bathwaxwa kukungondleki okuqatha ngo-2024.
Kwinqaku elincomekayo ngakumbi, abantu abayi-19,000 abarekhodwa ngoFebruwari 2023 njengabajongene neemeko zendlala kwindawo esengozini yasePort-au-Prince bathatyathwe kuluhlu olubalulekileyo.
I-WFP isebenzisana namafama ukubonelela ngokutya kwiinkqubo zokutyisa abantwana ezikolweni.
Kutheni abantu belambile?
INgxowa-mali yaBantwana ye-UN (UNICEF) UMlawuli oyiNtloko uCatherine Russell wathi “ingxaki yokungondleki yangoku yenziwe ngumntu ngokupheleleyo”.
Abona nobangela baphambili bokungakhuseleki kokutya kukwanda kobundlobongela bamaqela emigulukudu, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nemveliso yezolimo ephantsi kwakunye nezidubedube zezopolitiko, udushe lwasekuhlaleni, intlupheko eqhwalelayo kunye neentlekele zendalo.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangama-362,000 ngoku bagxothelwe ngaphakathi eHaiti kwaye banobunzima bokutya ngokwabo. Bamalunga ne-17,000 abantu ababalekile ePort-au-Prince besiya kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo zelizwe, beshiya ngasemva indlela yabo yokuphila kwaye behlisa amandla abo okuthenga ukutya njengoko amaxabiso eqhubeka esonyuka.
Ngokwe-UN IBhunga lezoKhuseleko-igunyazisiweyo Iphaneli yeeNgcali eHaiti, amaqela emigulukudu “abeke esichengeni ngokungqalileyo nangokungangqalanga kukhuseleko lokutya lwesizwe”.
Abantu abagxothiweyo bahlala kwibala lamanqindi kumbindi wedolophu yasePort-au-Prince emva kokushiya amakhaya abo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngamaqela emigulukudu.
Ukwanda kobundlobongela kubangele ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nentlupheko eyandayo. Imigulukudu iphazamise ukuhanjiswa kokutya, ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuvala uqoqosho ngokugrogrisa abantu kunye nokunyuka kweendlela ezivaliweyo, ezaziwa ekuhlaleni njenge. yho lok, njengecebo langabom nelisebenzayo lokuthintela yonke imisebenzi yezoqoqosho.
Baye bavala iindlela eziphambili zezothutho kwaye bahlawulisa ubuqhetseba, irhafu engekho mthethweni kwizithuthi ezizama ukudlula phakathi kwenkunzi kunye nemimandla yezolimo enemveliso.
Kwelinye icala, inkokeli yeqela lemigulukudu e-Artibonite, eyona ndawo iphambili yokulima irayisi yelizwe kunye nogxininiso olutsha lomsebenzi weqela lemigulukudu, yakhupha izoyikiso ezininzi kumajelo eendaba ezentlalo, ilumkisa ngelithi nawaphi na amafama abuyela emasimini awo aya kubulawa. Inkqubo yoKutya yeHlabathi (I-WFP) ingxelo kwi-2022 ukuba kukho ukuhla okuphawulekayo kumhlaba olinywayo e-Artibonite.
Ngeli xesha, i-UN's Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) uthi ngo-2023, imveliso yezolimo yehle malunga neepesenti ezingama-39 zombona, i-34 yeepesenti yerayisi kunye neepesenti ezingama-22 zamazimba xa kuthelekiswa nomyinge weminyaka emihlanu.
Safika njani kweli nqanaba?
Ngelixa ingxaki yangoku yendlala eHaiti iye yandiswa lulawulo lwemigulukudu esebenza kuqoqosho kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla eHaiti, ineengcambu zayo kumashumi eminyaka yokungaphuhlisi kunye neentlekele zezopolitiko nezoqoqosho.
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yentlupheko kunye neentlekele zendalo ezifana nezikhukula, imbalela kunye neenyikima, nazo zibe negalelo ekungakhuseleni kokutya.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yenkululeko yorhwebo eyaziswa ngeminyaka yoo-1980 yanciphisa kakhulu irhafu yokungenisa elizweni kwiimveliso zezolimo, kuquka irayisi, umbona kunye neebhanana, ithoba ukhuphiswano kunye nokusebenza kokutya okuveliswa ekhaya.
Yintoni eyenziwa yi-UN?
Impendulo yobuntu be-UN iyaqhubeka eHaiti ngokubambisana nabasemagunyeni belizwe, nangona imeko enzima kunye neyokuguquguqukayo emhlabeni, ngakumbi ePort-au-Prince.
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili enxulumene nokutya kukuhanjiswa kwezidlo ezishushu kubantu abagxothiweyo, ukutya nemali kwabo basweleyo kunye nesidlo sasemini sabantwana besikolo. NgoMatshi, I-WFP ithe ifikelele kubantu abangaphezu kwama-460,000 kwikomkhulu nakwilizwe liphela ngezi nkqubo. UNICEF ukwabonelela ngoncedo, kubandakanywa nokutya esikolweni.
FAO unesithethe eside sokusebenza namafama kwaye ebesoloko enikezela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kumaxesha okulima azayo, kubandakanywa ukudluliselwa kwemali, imbewu yemifuno kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa impilo yezolimo.
I-arhente ye-UN iphinda iqhubeke nokuxhasa imigaqo-nkqubo yezolimo yelizwe ekhokelwa yiHaiti kunye nokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zophuhliso.
Kuthekani ngexesha elide?
Ekugqibeleni, injongo njengakulo naliphi na ilizwe elingaphuhliswanga kakuhle elisengxakini kukufumana indlela eya kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwexesha elide oluya kubandakanya ukwakhiwa kweenkqubo zokutya ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemeko. Yimeko entsonkothileyo kwilizwe elixhomekeke kwinkxaso yoluntu enikezelwa yi-UN kunye neminye imibutho.
Injongo kukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kokungeniswa kokutya kunye nokudibanisa iimpendulo zobuntu kunye nesenzo sexesha elide kukhuseleko lokutya.
Ngoko, umzekelo, I-WFPInkqubo yokondla abantwana ekhaya, ebonelela ngesidlo sasemini kubafundi, izibophelele ekuthengeni zonke izithako zayo ekuhlaleni endaweni yokuzithumela kumazwe angaphandle, iphulo eliza kuxhasa kwaye likhuthaze amafama ukuba akhulise kwaye athengise izityalo eziya kuphucula ubomi babo kwaye ngokulandelayo. ukukhulisa uqoqosho lwasekhaya.
Isiqhamo sekoko sikhula emthini eHaiti.
Umbutho waBasebenzi weHlabathi (MNA LO) usebenze namafama akumzantsi-ntshona welizwe ukulima iziqhamo zesonka ezinesondlo. Malunga neetoni ezili-15 zomgubo zigatyiwe, ezinye zazo zibonelela ngeenkqubo zeWFP.
MNA LO ukwaxhasa amafama ekhokho athe athumela ngaphandle iitoni ezingama-25 zemveliso yexabiso ngo-2023.
Omabini la manyathelo aza kukhulisa ingeniso yamafama kwaye aphucule ukhuseleko lokutya kwabo kwaye ngokutsho kwenkosi yelizwe ye-ILO, UFabrice Leclercq, uya kunceda “ukuphelisa imfuduko yasemaphandleni”.
Uninzi luyavuma, nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle koxolo kunye noluntu oluzinzile, olukhuselekileyo, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba iHaiti iya kukwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuxhomekeka kwayo kuncedo lwangaphandle ngelixa iqinisekisa ukuba abantu baseHaiti bafumana ukutya okwaneleyo.
