NgoMeyi ka-2023, kungekudala emva kokuba i-LIGO (i-Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) ibuyele umva kugqatso lwayo lwesine, yafumanisa ukuba Umqondiso womxhuzulane osuka kuntlitheko wento, ekunokwenzeka ukuba yinkwenkwezi ye-neutron, kunye nomngxuma omnyama okrokrelwayo ophethe ubunzima obuphindwe ka-2.5 ukuya ku-4.5 ngaphezu kweLanga lethu.
Lo mqondiso, obizwa ngokuba yi-GW230529, unika umdla kubaphandi kuba ubunzima bomngxunya omnyama buwela ngaphakathi kwendawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-gap enkulu phakathi kweenkwenkwezi ze-neutron ezaziwa kakhulu, ezingaphezulu kancinane kwi-solar mass ezimbini, kunye neyona mingxuma imnyama eyaziwayo, emalunga. ezintlanu ubunzima belanga. Ngelixa umqondiso wamaza womxhuzulane wodwa awunakutyhila ubume bokwenyani bale nto, ukufunyaniswa kwexesha elizayo kweziganeko ezifanayo, ngakumbi ezo zikhatshwa kukugqabhuka kokukhanya, zinokubamba isitshixo sokuphendula umbuzo wendlela imingxuma emnyama ekhaphukhaphu enokuba yiyo.
Umfanekiso ubonisa ukudityaniswa kunye nokudityaniswa komngxuma omnyama wobunzima obuphantsi (umphezulu omnyama ongwevu) kunye nenkwenkwezi ye-neutron (ekhubazwe kakhulu ngumxhuzulane womngxuma omnyama). Lo mfanekiso umile ukusuka ukulinganisa ukudibanisa ibalaselisa nje amacandelo asezantsi neutron yoxinaniso, ukusuka 60 grams cubic centimeter nganye (blue blue) ukuya 600 kilogram cubic nganye centimeter (emhlophe). Ubume bayo buqaqambisa upheliso oluluqilima lwemathiriyeli yoxinaniso olusezantsi lwenkwenkwezi ye-neutron. Ikhredithi yoMfanekiso: u-Ivan Markin, uTim Dietrich (iYunivesithi yasePotsdam), uHarald Paul Pfeiffer, uAlessandra Buonanno (iMax Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
“Oku kufunyaniswe kutsha nje kubonakalisa amandla esayensi anomtsalane womnatha womxhuzulane, obuthathaka kakhulu kunokuba bekunjalo kugqatso lwesithathu,” utshilo uJenne Driggers (PhD '15), isazinzulu esikhokelayo kwi-LIGO Hanford eWashington, elinye lamaziko amabini, kunye ne-LIGO Livingston eLouisiana, ezenza i-LIGO Observatory.
LINK wenze imbali ngo-2015 emva kokwenza ubhaqo lokuqala oluthe ngqo lwamaza omxhuzulane esithubeni. Ukusukela ngoko, i-LIGO kunye ne-detector yeqabane layo eYurophu, i-Virgo, baye bafumanisa phantse i-100 yokudibanisa phakathi kwemingxuma emnyama, phakathi kweenkwenkwezi ze-neutron, kunye nokudibanisa phakathi kweenkwenkwezi ze-neutron kunye nemingxuma emnyama. Isichongi saseJapan i-KAGRA yajoyina inethiwekhi ye-gravitational-wave ngo-2019, kwaye iqela leenzululwazi ezihlalutya ngokudibeneyo idatha kuzo zontathu ii-detectors zaziwa njengentsebenziswano ye-LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK). Izixhobo zokujonga i-LIGO zixhaswa ngemali yiNational Science Foundation (NSF), kwaye zakhawulwa, zakhiwa, kwaye ziqhutywa yiCaltech kunye neMIT.
Uphando lwamva nje lukwabonisa ukuba ukungqubana okubandakanya imingxunya emnyama ekhaphukhaphu kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kunokuba bekukholelwa ngaphambili.
“Oku kuchongwa, esokuqala kwiziphumo zethu ezichulumancisayo kugqatso lwesine lwe-LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA, kuveza ukuba kungakho izinga eliphezulu lokungqubana okufanayo phakathi kweenkwenkwezi ze-neutron kunye nemingxunya emnyama enobunzima obuphantsi kunokuba besicinga ngaphambili,” utshilo uJess McIver. unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwiYunivesithi yaseBritish Columbia, usekela-somlomo we-LIGO Scientific Collaboration, kunye nomntu owayesakuba ngugqirha we-postdoctoral eCaltech.
Phambi komsitho we-GW230529, enye into ebangela umdla yomgqatswa womsantsa omkhulu ichongiwe. Kweso siganeko, esenzeka ngo-Agasti 2019 kwaye saziwa ngokuba yi-GW190814, a into compact of 2.6 solar mass yafunyanwa njengenxalenye yontlitheko lwe-cosmic, kodwa izazinzulu aziqinisekanga ukuba yayiyinkwenkwezi ye-neutron okanye umngxuma omnyama.
Emva kwekhefu ukulungiselela ukulungiswa nokuphuculwa, ugqatso lwesine lwezichongi luya kuqhuba kwakhona ngoAprili 10, 2024, kwaye luya kuqhubeka de kube nguFebruwari 2025.
Ibhalwe nguWhitney Clavin
umthombo: I-caltech
