Mayiyu, yemwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 30, wakhala akusungidwa ku Novosibirsk kwa zaka XNUMX, akutero Alina Guritzkaya ku Sibkray.ru.
Thupi la munthu linapezedwa ndi asayansi mu imodzi mwa manda a mapiri a Altai. Amayiwo anasungidwa mu ayezi. Tsopano nthawi zonse amathandizidwa ndi yankho lapadera ndi ogwira ntchito ku Institute of Archaeology ndi Ethnography ya Nthambi ya Siberia ya Russian Academy of Sciences. Polemekeza Tsiku la Museum Restorer, akatswiri adawonetsa momwe njira yosamalira amayi imachitikira ndikuwuza mwatsatanetsatane zinsinsi zomwe zimasunga.
Mummy uyu ndiye chiwonetsero chachikulu cha Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography. Imasungidwa pakati pa holoyo mu galasi la sarcophagus. Khungu, tsitsi, makamaka mphini pa phewa mu mawonekedwe a nswala zasungidwa pafupifupi wangwiro chikhalidwe, ngakhale kuti thupi kale kuposa zaka zikwi ziwiri ndi theka.
Mu 1995, mu Gorny Altai, mayi anapezeka ndi ulendo, amene anali wotchuka Novosibirsk asayansi Vyacheslav Molodin ndi Natalya Polosmak. Pofukula, akatswiri anapeza nyumba yaikulu ya pansi pa nthaka pa kuya pafupifupi mamita atatu. Anali matabwa okhala ndi bedi mkati mwake, pomwe wakufayo adagona. Pambuyo pake zinapezeka kuti uyu ndi munthu wapakati, zaka zoyerekeza ndi zaka 20-25.
"Munthu uyu amatengedwa kuti ndi wapakati pa anthu - anali ndi kavalo mmodzi yekha. Koma timaona kuti Altaian anakonza mitembo anthu awo onse oikidwa m’manda. Ndi chinthu chimodzi ngati izi zinali maliro olemekezeka - ankagwiritsidwa ntchito mu miyambo ya banja, mafuko athunthu anasonkhana. Koma (mayi omwe adawonekera) adagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambo wabanja asanaikidwe, "akufotokoza Marina Moroz, wotsogola wotsogola wa Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography ya SB RAS.
Pafupi ndi mwamunayo panagona thupi lina - mkazi yemwe amayenera kukhala mdzakazi wake. Anali wamaliseche komanso wadazi. Thupi lake silinasungidwe, popeza silinaumizidwe. Mutu wokha wokhala ndi zidutswa za khungu umatsalira - ulinso mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Mwa njira, mamita 22 okha kuchokera kumanda a amayi awa, Princess Princess Ukok wotchuka adapezeka zaka ziwiri zapitazo.
Amayi a munthu adakhalanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale amapeza. Atangotulutsidwa pansi, khungu lake linayamba kuchita mdima nthawi yomweyo. Zoona zake n’zakuti asanafukule, thupilo linali mu ayezi, mumdima, mmene kuwola kunali kosatheka. Amayi adaperekedwa ku Novosibirsk ndi helikopita.
"Kenako panali ntchito yonse - kunali koyenera kuvula amayi awa kuti asawawononge. Pambuyo pake, ali ndi nsapato, mathalauza, malaya a ubweya, chovala chamutu - tinachotsa zonsezi m'zigawo, kudula chinachake, chifukwa sitingathe kuwononga amayi. Pambuyo pake, patatha masiku angapo tinatumiza mayiyo ku Moscow,” akutero Moroz.
Amayi anakhala ku Moscow kwa chaka chimodzi. Panthawiyi, akatswiri apeza kuti ndi chikhalidwe cha Pazyryk cha m'ma 6-3 BC. Komanso, obwezeretsa likululi anagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha thupi. Choyamba, mahinji apadera adalowetsedwa mu phalanges za zala, popeza manja adatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa.
“Zala zake zikulendewera. Chiwalo ichi cha thupi sichinasungidwe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti matupi awa sanakwiridwe nthawi yomweyo - adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu miyambo kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndipo, kunali kofunikirabe kumanga nyumba yokongola kwambiri ya anthu ochoka. Choncho anthu sanaikidwe m'manda kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero thupi silinasungidwe kwathunthu, "akufotokoza Novosibirsk katswiri.
Ziwalo zina za thupi zidakonzedwanso, mwachitsanzo, m'mimba, omwe Altaian adatsegula asanafedwe kuti atenge ziwalo zonse kuchokera pamenepo. Mukayang'anitsitsa, mutha kuwona ngakhale chilonda ndi ulusi wotuluka.
Pambuyo pa njira zofunika zobwezeretsa, thupi la Altaian linasungidwa m'bafa lokhala ndi mankhwala osakaniza kwa pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndikuukonza. Ndendende ndondomeko yomweyo, mwa njira, kamodzi anachita ndi Vladimir Lenin.
"Amayi adapulumutsidwa chifukwa cha ife: khungu lidapepuka, zojambula zimawoneka. Kuyambira 1996, yasungidwa mu fomu iyi ndi ife ndipo ikhoza kuwonetsedwa kutentha kwa firiji. Aliyense akhoza kumuwona. Koma titha kutaya ma tatoowa ngati sitiyamba kukonzanso pa nthawi yake,” akutero Marina Moroz.
Mayiyo atafika ku Novosibirsk, obwezeretsa ku Moscow anagwira ntchito kwa zaka zina khumi, chifukwa okhawo anali ndi njira yachinsinsi yothetsera chithandizo chamankhwala. Njira yothetsera vutoli imasunga chinyezi m'thupi ndikupangitsa kuti minyewa ikhale yolimba, zomwe zimapatsa mayiyo mawonekedwe atsopano.
“Akatswiri adakakamiranso khungu, lomwe linali litayamba kale kunyowa. Koma tsopano ali bwino ndithu,” akutero Moroz. - Wasayansi wabwino kwambiri yemwe adachita izi - Vladislav Kozeltsev, mwatsoka, wamwalira kale. Iye anabwera kwa ife, kapena ine ndinabwera kwa iye ku Moscow. Tinapita uku ndi uku, koma kenako anasiya, nati: “Marina, ndakonzeka kukuululira chinsinsicho. Ndikuganiza kuti palibe amene akudziwa momwe yankho lake lilili kupatula ine ndi bungwe. ”
Chifukwa chake, Marina Moroz akadali m'modzi mwa asayansi ochepa ku Russia omwe ali ndi njira yapadera yothetsera maphikidwe omwe amakulolani kupulumutsa amayi ambiri akale ndi Vladimir Lenin.
Kukonzekera kwa mummy palokha, komwe kumachitika miyezi itatu iliyonse, ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Choyamba, ogwira ntchito ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale amachotsa chivundikiro chosaoneka bwino ndi chophimba cha galasi. Zopukutira zamapepala zimayikidwa pansi pa mummy, ndiyeno thupi lonse limapopera mofatsa ndi yankho. Ndondomeko ikamalizidwa, mummy amaphimbidwanso ndi chivindikiro ndi nsalu - mu mawonekedwe awa amasiyidwa kwa masiku angapo mpaka khungu litenge yankho.
Tsopano mummy wa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale siwonetsero chabe, koma akadali chinthu chophunzirira. Zinsinsi zambiri zimasungidwa ngakhale ndi tattoo imodzi pamapewa a munthu - nswala.
"Ma tattoo a Pazyryk onse ndi nthano zodabwitsa ndi nyama zopeka - mikango, griffins. Wajambula mbawala, nswala - kujambula kumapita kumbuyo. Tikuganiza kuti izi zikuwonetsa momwe alili, "akutero katswiriyo.
Malinga ndi M. Moroz, posachedwapa asayansi akufuna kufufuza thupi la Altaian wakale pa tomograph kuti adziwe chomwe chinachititsa imfa yake. Mpaka pano, ngakhale mwina, n'zosatheka kunena zomwe mnyamata wa chikhalidwe Pazyryk anamwalira.
Chithunzi: Alina Guritzkaya / Sibkray.ru
