Pa March 9, 2023, a Mboni za Yehova 7 komanso mwana wosabadwa anaphedwa ndi munthu wina wowomberana ndi mfuti pamwambo wachipembedzo ku Hamburg. Wakuphayo anali membala wakale wa mpingowo, yemwe anachokapo kuposa chaka chapitacho, koma akuti anali ndi madandaulo ndi gulu lake lakale, ndi magulu achipembedzo onse. Anadzipha atapha anthuwo.
Ngakhale kuti kupha anthu kambirimbiri kunayambitsa mauthenga osonyeza chifundo ndi chithandizo kwa Mboni za Yehova kuchokera ku boma la Germany, sipanakhalepo kusuntha kulikonse kapena kusonyeza chifundo kwa mayiko ena a ku Ulaya. Komanso, ena "anticult” omenyera ufuluwo anagwiritsa ntchito chilimbikitsocho kuimba mlandu Mboni za Yehova zakupha, akumatsutsa kuti wakuphayo akanatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zomveka zochitirapo kanthu, zopezeka m’kuyanjana kwake ndi gulu lachipembedzo ndi chiphunzitso chake.
Kodi kukanakhala kuti anthu amakhululukira wogwirira chigololo ndi kuimba mlandu wogwiriridwayo chifukwa cha khalidwe logwirira chigololo, zimenezi zikanayambitsa kudandaula kovomerezeka. Zikanakhala kuti wina akuimba mlandu anthu achigawenga pazomwe zidawachitikira, izi zikanapangitsa kuti aimbidwe mlandu. Apa, palibe chomwe chidachitika.
Kotero tinaganiza zofikira kwa Raffaella Di Marzio, katswiri wodziwika bwino wa psychology wa chipembedzo. Raffaella ndi woyambitsa komanso Mtsogoleri wa Center for Studies on Freedom of Religion, Belief and Conscience (LIREC). Kuyambira 2017, ndi Pulofesa wa Psychology of Religion ku yunivesite ya Bari Aldo Moro ku Italy. Iye wasindikiza mabuku anayi ndi mazana a nkhani zokhudzana ndi zipembedzo, kulamulira maganizo, New Religious Movements ndi magulu odana ndi chipembedzo ndipo ali m'gulu la olemba mabuku atatu osiyana.monga.
The European Times: Munanena kuti pofuna kupewa kuphana kotereku, mabungwe azamalamulo afufuze aliyense amene amayambitsa chidani ndi zipembedzo zina zing’onozing’ono. Kodi mungafotokoze ulalowu ndipo chifukwa chiyani izi zingakhale zogwira mtima?
Raffaella Di Marzio: Malinga ndi OSCE Tanthauzo: “Mipandu yachidani ndi zigawenga zomwe zimachititsidwa kukondera kapena kukondera magulu ena a anthu. Upandu wa chidani uli ndi zinthu ziwiri: mlandu waupandu ndi kusonkhezera kukondera”. Kukondera kungatanthauzidwe ngati tsankho, kusalolera kapena chidani chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa gulu linalake lomwe limakhala ndi chikhalidwe chofanana, monga chipembedzo. Ndikuganiza kuti kufalitsa nkhani zabodza zokhudza zipembedzo zing’onozing’ono kumayambitsa tsankho. Izi ndizoopsa kwambiri, makamaka, kwa mabungwe achipembedzo omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chochepa m'dera linalake ndipo ndale ndi zofalitsa zimayang'ana pa iwo panthawi inayake. Ndikuganiza kuti mabungwe azamalamulo akuyenera kuyang'anira anthu ndi mabungwe onse omwe amafalitsa nkhani zabodza pogwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chodana ndi anthu ochepa. Ngakhale kuti n’kovuta kwa mabungwe azamalamulo kuti adziŵetu munthu amene angathe kupha anthu ngati ameneyu, n’zofunika kwa iwo kufufuza aliyense amene amalimbikitsa udani kwa anthu a zipembedzo zina zocepa. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimachitika, kwenikweni, kuti kuchokera ku mawu audani munthu amapita patsogolo ku kusonkhezera chidani ndipo potsirizira pake amatsogolera ndi kuchitapo zachiwawa kwa anthu ang’onoang’ono amene amakhala “zolinga” zosavuta, chifukwa mwa zina chifukwa cha manyazi a “mpatuko” amene amakulitsidwa ndi oulutsira nkhani popanda aliyense. kuzindikira.
ET: inu Europe, pali gulu lodana ndi zipembedzo lomwe likugwira ntchito ndipo likulimbana ndi magulu achipembedzo monga Mboni za Yehova. Kodi mukuganiza kuti ali ndi udindo wamtundu uliwonse zikachitika?
RDM: Ndikofunikiranso kunena kuti lipoti lachiwembu la ODIHR likuphatikizaponso malipoti omenyedwa ndi kupha anthu omwe akuwonetsa kuti a Mboni za Yehova ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Udindo wa mabungwe odana ndi chipembedzo ndi woonekeratu nthawi zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Willy Fautré wochokera Human Rights Without Frontiers analemba za milandu yoipitsidwa pomwe magulu odana ndi chipembedzo adatsutsidwa ndi makhothi a ku Europe ku Austria, France, Germany ndi Spain ndi CAP-LC (Coordination des Associations et des Particuliers pour la Liberté de Conscience), NGO yomwe ili ndi udindo wokambirana mwapadera ku United Nations' ECOSOC (Economic and Social Council), yalemba chikalata ku Msonkhano wa 47 wa United Nations. Bungwe la Ufulu Wachibadwidwe lofalitsidwa pa 21 June 2021 lomwe limadzudzula ndondomeko yowononga mbiri, kusonkhezera kusalana ndi kudana ndi magulu ena achipembedzo ndi zikhulupiliro ndi FECRIS (European Federation of Centers of Research and Information on Cults and Sects) ndi mabungwe ake. Tsankho ndi tsankho, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa kudzera m'nkhani zabodza, zimakhudza kwambiri magulu ndi anthu omwe pamapeto pake amasalidwa ndi kuzunzidwa ndi mabungwe aboma, ndipo nthawi zina amachitiridwa zachiwembu.
ET: Anthu ena odana ndi mpatuko ku Germany anaimba mlandu Mboni za Yehova m’zoulutsira nkhani, akumapeza chodzikhululukira kwa wowomberayo chifukwa chakuti anali membala wakale amene ndithudi anali ndi zifukwa zomveka zodandaulira Mboni. Mukuganiza bwanji pa zimenezi? Mwakhala ndi akatswiri kwa zaka zambiri pamutu wa tsankho la zipembedzo zazing'ono, ndipo kwenikweni, m'mbuyomu, munali m'gulu la anti-cult kuti muzindikire kuopsa kwake. Kotero inu muli ndi chidziwitso chachindunji cha iwo. Kodi mukuganiza kuti zinthu ngati zimenezi zingawathandize kuzindikira kuti akuchita zinthu zolakwika, kapena angopitirizabe?
RDM: Tsoka ilo, ndikuganiza kuti zinthu zamtunduwu zipitilira. Zowonadi, chiwembucho chitatha ku Hamburg, mamembala ena a mabungwe odana ndi chipembedzo sanangozindikira kuti akuchita zolakwika koma adayamba kutumiza ndemanga pawailesi yakanema ponena kuti wakuphayo anali membala wakale wotsutsidwa ndi Mboni za Yehova, ndipo pafupifupi anamulungamitsa pa zimene anachita.
ET: Kodi mukuwopa kuti zochitika zoterezi zimachulukirachulukira?
RDM: Ndikuganiza choncho, pokhapokha titawaletsa. Kupewa ndicho cholinga chachikulu cha Center for Studies on Freedom of Religion Belief and Conscience (LIREC) imene ine ndine mkulu wake. Nthawi zambiri idachita nawo kampeni yofalitsa nkhani pomwe mfundo "yachigawenga" imalumikizidwa mosagwirizana ndi anthu ochepa achipembedzo ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodziwikiratu kuti chiyike muzambiri zomwe zimapangitsa owerenga kuti amve lingaliro la bungwelo ngati kuti. "zotsutsana", zokhudzidwa ndi "ziwembu zamdima" ndipo zingakhale zoopsa kwa munthu kapena gulu.
Poyang'anizana ndi milandu iyi, yomwe imabwerezedwa ndikukhudza ochepa omwe ndi osiyana kwambiri wina ndi mzake, ntchito yathu ndikulimbana ndi disinformation ndi kulimbikitsa chidziwitso ndi zolembedwa za anthu ochepa, kaya achipembedzo kapena ayi.
