Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu asanu ndi atatu padziko lapansi ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, bungwe la World Health Organisation (WHO) linanena Lachisanu, potchula kafukufuku wamankhwala padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndi anthu 2022 biliyoni omwe adakhala ndi matendawa mu 19, chiwerengero chomwe chawonjezeka kuwirikiza kawiri pakati pa achikulire ndi kuwirikiza kanayi pakati pa azaka 1990 mpaka XNUMX kuyambira XNUMX, malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, wofalitsidwa mu The Lancet, wodziwika bwino ku United Kingdom. magazini azachipatala.
“Phunziro latsopanoli ikuwonetsa kufunikira kopewa komanso kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri kuyambira ubwana mpaka uchikulire kudzera muzakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso chisamaliro choyenera., pakufunika," atero a Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General wa WHO, zomwe zinathandizira phunzirolo.
Zolinga zapadziko lonse zochepetsa kunenepa kwambiri
A zovuta matenda aakulu, kunenepa kwambiri kwasanduka vuto lalikulu, lomwe likukula kwambiri m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi.
Ngakhale zomwe zimayambitsa zikumveka bwino, monganso njira zowonetsera umboni zomwe zimafunikira kuti pakhale zovuta, vuto ndilakuti sizikukwaniritsidwa, malinga ndi bungwe la UN la zaumoyo.
"Kubwereranso kuti mukwaniritse zolinga zapadziko lonse zochepetsera kunenepa kudzatenga ntchito ya maboma ndi madera, mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko zozikidwa pa umboni kuchokera ku WHO ndi mabungwe azaumoyo padziko lonse lapansi, "watero mkulu wa UN Health.
Pamafunikanso mgwirizano wa mabungwe apadera, omwe ayenera kuyankha pa umoyo zotsatira za mankhwala awo, anawonjezera.
Deta ya kafukufukuyo idawonetsanso kuti 43 peresenti ya akuluakulu anali onenepa kwambiri mu 2022.
Zotsatira zakupha
Ku Ulaya, kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndi zina mwazo zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ndi kulumala, akuyerekeza kuti amapha anthu opitilira 1.2 miliyoni pachaka, malinga ndi ofesi ya WHO m'chigawo.
kunenepa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda ambiri osapatsirana, kuphatikizapo matenda a mtima, matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ndi matenda aakulu a kupuma. Anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri akhudzidwa mosagwirizana ndi zotsatira za mliri wa COVID-19, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi matenda oopsa komanso zovuta zina, bungwe la UN la zaumoyo latero.
Imawerengedwa kuti ndi yomwe imayambitsa mitundu 13 ya khansa, yomwe mwina imayambitsa matenda a khansa 200,000 pachaka ku Europe konse, malinga ndi WHO.
“Phunziro latsopanoli ikuwonetsa kufunikira kopewa komanso kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri kuyambira ubwana mpaka uchikulire kudzera muzakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso chisamaliro choyenera., pakufunika," atero a Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General wa WHO, zomwe zinathandizira phunzirolo.
Zolinga zapadziko lonse zochepetsa kunenepa kwambiri
A zovuta matenda aakulu, kunenepa kwambiri kwasanduka vuto lalikulu, lomwe likukula kwambiri m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi.
Ngakhale zomwe zimayambitsa zikumveka bwino, monganso njira zowonetsera umboni zomwe zimafunikira kuti pakhale zovuta, vuto ndilakuti sizikukwaniritsidwa, malinga ndi bungwe la UN la zaumoyo.
"Kubwereranso kuti mukwaniritse zolinga zapadziko lonse zochepetsera kunenepa kudzatenga ntchito ya maboma ndi madera, mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko zozikidwa pa umboni kuchokera ku WHO ndi mabungwe azaumoyo padziko lonse lapansi, "watero mkulu wa UN Health.
Pamafunikanso mgwirizano wa mabungwe apadera, omwe ayenera kuyankha pa umoyo zotsatira za mankhwala awo, anawonjezera.
Deta ya kafukufukuyo idawonetsanso kuti 43 peresenti ya akuluakulu anali onenepa kwambiri mu 2022.
Zotsatira zakupha
Ku Ulaya, kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndi zina mwazo zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ndi kulumala, akuyerekeza kuti amapha anthu opitilira 1.2 miliyoni pachaka, malinga ndi ofesi ya WHO m'chigawo.
kunenepa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda ambiri osapatsirana, kuphatikizapo matenda a mtima, matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ndi matenda aakulu a kupuma. Anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri akhudzidwa mosagwirizana ndi zotsatira za mliri wa COVID-19, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi matenda oopsa komanso zovuta zina, bungwe la UN la zaumoyo latero.
Imawerengedwa kuti ndi yomwe imayambitsa mitundu 13 ya khansa, yomwe mwina imayambitsa matenda a khansa 200,000 pachaka ku Europe konse, malinga ndi WHO.
Mavuto osowa zakudya m'thupi
Kuperewera kwa zakudya m’thupi, m’njira zake zonse, kumaphatikizapo kunenepa kwambiri, kusakwanira mavitamini kapena maminerals ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Kumaphatikizaponso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, komwe kumakhudza kuwononga, kupunduka ndi kukhala ochepa thupi (kapena kuwonda) ndipo kumayambitsa theka la imfa za ana osapitirira zaka zisanu.
Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti ngakhale chiwopsezo cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi chatsika, akadali anthu umoyo zovuta m'malo ambiri, makamaka ku Southeast Asia ndi sub-Saharan Africa.
Maiko omwe anali ndi anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso onenepa kwambiri mu 2022 anali mayiko a zisumbu ku Pacific ndi Caribbean komanso ku Middle East ndi North Africa.
Mapulani othamangitsa a WHO
Pamsonkhano wa World Health Assembly mu 2022, Mayiko omwe ali mamembala adatengera dongosolo la WHO loletsa kunenepa kwambiri, lomwe limathandizira zochitika zapadziko lonse mpaka 2030.
Mpaka pano, Maboma 31 tsopano akutsogolera njira yothetsera kunenepa kwambiri mliri pokwaniritsa dongosolo.
Zina mwa njira zomwe akuchitira zomwe zikuphatikiza njira zazikuluzikulu monga kulimbikitsa kuyamwitsa ndi malamulo okhudza malonda ovulaza a chakudya ndi zakumwa kwa ana.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa onse
Mmodzi mwa omwe adalemba nawo kafukufukuyu, Dr. Francesco Branca, Mtsogoleri wa bungwe la WHO la Nutrition and Food Safety Department, adati pali "zovuta zazikulu" potsatira ndondomeko zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa kuti anthu onse apeza mwayi wopeza zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa onse komanso kupanga malo abwino. kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
“Maiko nawonso awonetsetse kuti machitidwe azaumoyo amaphatikiza kupewa ndi kuwongolera kunenepa kwambiri m'magulu oyambira ntchito," adatero.
Kulimbana ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kumafuna kuchitapo kanthu pazaulimi, chitetezo cha anthu ndi zaumoyo kuti achepetse kusowa kwa chakudya, kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wa madzi oyera ndi ukhondo komanso kuonetsetsa kuti anthu onse azitha kupeza njira zopezera zakudya zofunika, malinga ndi bungwe la UN la zaumoyo.
Kafukufuku watsopanoyu adagwiritsa ntchito deta yochokera kumayiko ndi madera a 200, kuphatikizapo maphunziro a 3,663 okhudzana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi 222 miliyoni. WHO inathandizira kusonkhanitsa deta ndi kusanthula kafukufukuyu ndikufalitsa deta yonse kudzera mu zake Global Health Observatory.
