Anti-Cults - Kubva zviitiko zveMaidan muna 2014, panguva iyoyo Mutungamiri Yakunovich akamanikidzwa kusiya chigaro mushure mekuratidzira kukuru mumigwagwa yeUkraine, pan-European Anti-cult movement, inotungamirwa neEuropean Federation of Centers of Research and Information on Sectarianism. (FECRIS), anga achitora chikamu mumuchina wekuparadzira nhema weRussia wakazotungamira kuhondo iripo.
Muna 2013, mushure mekunge Ukraine yave padanho rekutsigira European mamwe makore uye yave kuda kusaina chibvumirano chemubatanidzwa neEU icho chaizove chakanyatso batanidza hukama hwezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi pakati peEU neUkraine, mauto aPutin akamanikidza Yakunovich kuti aparadze chibvumirano. . Yakunovich, aizivikanwa semutungamiri ane huwori aitsigira Russia, akabvuma uye zvakatanga kunonzi kumukira kweMaidan muUkraine.
Kuverenga pamusoro pemasimba echitendero kurwisa Madokero
Iko kumukira kweMaidan kwakamiririra kutyisidzira kukuru mupfungwa dzaPutin, uyo akabva atanga muchina wekuparadzira kuzvidza zviremera zvitsva. Kubva ipapo, rhetoric yeRussia ichipokana nemauto matsva eDemocratic masimba muUkraine, ayo aive asiri e-Russian, aisanganisira kupomerwa kwekuva neo-Nazis, asiwo kuve matopi emademocracies ekuMadokero akavanza chirongwa chinopokana neRussia. Nekuparadzira kwake, ainyanya kukoshesa "mauto ake echitendero", kunyanya Chechi yeOrthodox yeRussia, iyo yakanga ichiri nesimba rakakosha muUkraine.
Vatungamiriri vakuru veRussian Orthodox Church, vakaita saPatriarch Kirill, vakagara vachitsigira kuedza kwaPutin kubvisa mauto eEuropean muUkraine, achivapomera mhosva yekutambudza nhengo dzeUkraine Orthodox dzakabatana neMoscow Patriarchate (iyo inogona kunge iri yechokwadi kune imwe nhanho. , sezvo zvakapesana zvaive zvechokwadi munzvimbo dzinodzorwa neRussia muUkraine), asiwo kutyisidzira kubatana kwe "Old-Rus"[1], uye vachiri kuzviita sezvataigona kuona munguva pfupi yapfuura apo Patriarch Kirill akapomera avo vanopikisa hondo yaPutin mu. Ukraine kuva "masimba ezvakaipa".
Alexander Dvorkin, "sectologist"
Patriarch Kirill naVladimir Putin vaigonawo kuvimba nesangano re "anti-cult", iro muRussia raitungamirwa neMutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weFECRIS Alexander Dvorkin, nyanzvi yezvechitendero yeRussian-Orthodox aigara achiratidzwa senyanzvi mu "sectology" nevakuru veRussia. . FECRIS isangano reFrance rinopesana nechitendero chine pan-European pesvedzero. Hurumende yeFrance inopa huwandu hwemari yeFECRIS, uye kutaura zvazviri yakavambwa nesangano reFrance rinopesana nechitendero rinonzi UNADFI (National Union of Associations for the Defense of Families and Individuals against cults) muna 1994.
Pakutanga kwehurumende itsva yeUkraine yakasarudzwa mushure mekusiya basa kwaYakunovich, musi waApril 30, 2014 Alexander Dvorkin akabvunzurudzwa neredhiyo. Inzwi reRussia, iyo huru yeRussia Governmental Radio (iyo mwedzi mishoma gare gare yakashandura zita rayo kuti Radio Sputnik) Dvorkin, akaunzwa se "anti-cult activist uye Mutevedzeri-Mutungamiriri weEuropean Federation of Centers of Research and Information on Sectarianism, inova sangano remamburera remapoka anorwisa machechi muEurope", akakumbirwa kuti ataure nezve "chitendero chakavanzika. agenda kuseri kweMaidan uye dambudziko reUkraine ”. Akabva atumira nhema dzeHurumende yeRussia nenzira inofadza zvikuru[2].
Greek Catholics, Baptists nemamwe anonzi "Cults" akanangwa
Mubvunzurudzo iyoyo, Dvorkin akatanga kupomera Chechi yeUniate, inozivikanwawo seGreek Catholics, kuti ndiyo yakakonzera kumukira uku: “Kune mapoka ezvitendero akawanda uye mamwe mapoka ezvitendero anoita basa guru muzviitiko izvozvo. Chekutanga, Chechi yeMubatanidzwa…yakaita basa rine mukurumbira uye rechisimba, ndingangoti, basa rechisimba kuvaprista vakawanda veMubatanidzwa vaiparidza imomo vakapfeka zvipfeko zvavo zvechitendero…” Apo mubvunzurudzo akabvunza Dvorkin kuti Vatican yaigona kuitei, yakanga yadaidzira “kudikanwa kwokudzokera kubudiriro dzorugare muUkraine”, mhinduro yaDvorkin yakanga iri yokutsanangura kuti hapana chayaigona kuita, nokuti Vatican yakanga yava kutungamirirwa navaJesuit, avo vakanga vava vatsigiri veMarxist zvikuru uye vachifarira chimurenga kuburikidza ne kwemazana emakore, achiwedzera kuti: “Zvakanaka, Pope wazvino uno Francis, haasi kutsigira chimurenga, asi maitiro aanoita anoratidza kuti akagamuchira chikamu chenhaka iyi”.
Ipapo Dvorkin anoteera vaBaptist, achivapomera kuti vakaita chikamu chakakosha muMaidan uye kuva neurudzi muUkraine. Anoenderera mberi achipomera Prime Minister panguva iyoyo Yatsenyuk kuti "akavanzika Scientologist", achinyepedzera kuva Kubatana: "Paive nenhau dzakawanda dzenhau dzakamudana Scientologist… Dai anga ari pachena Scientologist, zvaizova zvakaipa kwazvo. Asi zvakadaro, iwe ungaziva zvekutarisira kubva kwaari. Asi apo munhu, chaizvoizvo Yatsenyuk, akazvidaidza kuti Greek Catholic Uniate [apo ari a Scientologist], uye paiva nemupristi weUniate akasimbisa kuti akanga akabatana, ndinofunga kuti izvi zvine ngozi zvikuru.” Zvino nenzira inonakidza yekurangana, akataura pamusoro pekuti iyi yaive nzira yekuti CIA imudzore, ichishandisa. Scientology maitiro kuitira "kudzora maitiro ake uye kudzora zviito zvake".
Chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki, Dvorkin akatungamira kurwisa kwaanodaidza kuti "neo-paganism", iyo yaakapomera kuti yakasungirirwa muNeo-Nazis, rhetoric yakatora kukosha kwakakosha mukuparadzira kweRussia, sezvatinoona ne "Denazification" inotsigirwa nhasi naPutin kururamisa hondo muUkraine.
Tsamba dzerudo dzaGerry Amstrong kuna Putin
Dvorkin haasi iye ega nhengo yeFECRIS yakatora chikamu kune yekuRussia inopikisa kumadokero propaganda. Pakati pevamwe, mutsigiri weCanada / nhengo yeFECRIS, Gerry Amstrong, akanyora tsamba mbiri kuna Putin dzakadhindwa, imwe pane webhusaiti yeRussian Orthodox Church "proslavie.ru"[3] uye imwe iri paFECRIS Russian affiliate webhusaiti[4]. Amstrong aimbova muCanada Scientologist uyo akava muramba kutenda Chechi ye Scientology, uye uyo akaenda kuCanada nendege kuti adzivise kusungwa mushure mekunge abatwa nemhosva nedare reAmerica nekuda kwevamwe vaaipikisa.Scientology mabasa. Mutsamba yekutanga, yakabudiswa musi wa2 Zvita 2014, anoti mushure mekushanyira Russia, “ndakokwa nevanhu vechechi yeOrthodox yeRussia… Anowedzera kuti: “Handina kuva munhu anopesana neMadokero kana kuti anopesana neUnited States, kunyange zvazvo ndakanga ndisingafariri nyika dzokuMadokero nounyengeri hwesimba guru reUnited States.” Ipapo anorumbidza Putin nekupa hupoteri kuna Edward Snowden, uye "kungwara, kunzwisisa uye mutungamiri wenyika." Mushure mekunyunyuta pamusoro pekutongerwa kwake muUS, anotenda Putin "nezvese zvaitwa nevakuru vakuru muhurumende yako kuti ndive muRussia uye kuti ndikwanise kutaura nevagari vako" pamwe nekumira vachipikisa mutongo weEuropean Court of Human Rights uyo. akanga ashora Russia nekutyora kodzero dze Scientologists. Anobva apomera nyika dzekuMadokero nezve "paraganda nhema" pamusoro peMutungamiri weRussia.
Nepo tsamba iyi isingatauri pachena nezveUkraine yakanyorwa pamberi penguva itsva yedemokrasi yeUkraine uye inopindirana nekutaura kweRussia iri kutyisidzirwa nedzidziso dzekuMadokero nezvitendero, uye kuve iyo yekupedzisira nzira yekuchengetedza "chinzvimbo chetsika" ichipokana neakadaro. .
Mutsamba yake yechipiri kuna Vladimir Putin, yakabudiswa muna Chikumi 26, 2018 pawebhusaiti yeRussia FECRIS, Amstrong, yakaunzwa pawebhusaiti se "muratidziri wechiKristu" uye shamwari yakanaka yaVaDvorkin - uyo anonzi akatarisira kududzira kwe. tsamba muchiRussian - inotanga nekukorokotedza Putin nekusarudzwa kwake patsva. Ipapo, anoenderera mberi nekukorokotedza Putin nezvaakaita muCrimea yakagarwa: "Makorokoto nekuvhurwa kwebhiriji reCrimea remotokari. Ndinokorokotedza nyika yese nekubudirira kunoshamisa kudai. Ichi chikomborero kuCrimea nekuRussia yose.” Anobva atora dziviriro yaPutin kurwisa mushandirapamwe ne "West" kunyora kuti "ine njodzi, hutsinye, hunyengeri, husina musoro uye hwakavakirwa pane zviri pachena zvinangwa"
Tsamba yacho inoenderera mberi ichiti: “Unoziva kuti kune vanhu muCanada nedzimwe nyika dzokuMadokero vasingadaviri nhimbe yokukutukai, vanoona kuti haina kururama, vanoiona setyisidziro, uye vanotobvuma kuti inogona kushandiswa sechikonzero. kana kuti kutanga hondo yenyukireya. Kune rimwe divi, zviri nyore kuona kuti kune vanhu vazhinji kunze uko vanoda kutyisidzira uku uye kumwe kutyisidzira kwakafanana kuti kubudirire uye kukura, uye kuti vadaro, vanoronga, kuita, kubhadhara, uye kubhadharwa kuti kutyisidzira uku kubudirire. . Ndivo vanhu vamwechete vari kuita mushandirapamwe pano kuti vasvibise zita renyu. Zvakare, uku ndiko kurangana kwekutaura kune kukosha kukuru, nekuti inoisa mhosva yehondo kuMadokero uye iyo inonzi "smear campaign", icho chingave chiri chikonzero chechikonzero chekusungirwa kwaPutin kutanga hondo muUkraine.
Chirevo cheUSCIRF nezve anti-cult movement muRussia
Muna 2020, US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) yakaburitsa chirevo chinonzi "The Anti-cult Movement uye Religious Regulation in Russia and the Former Soviet Union"[5]. Mishumo inotsanangura kuti "Nepo zvese zviri zviviri nhaka yeSoviet neROC [Chechi yeOrthodox yeRussia] Kufurira kukuru, maitiro azvino nezve uye maitiro kune vezvitendero zvidiki zvinobva kune zvimwe zvinhu, zvinosanganisira post-Soviet magariro nehupfumi kusimukira, chishuwo chehurumende yaPutin chekubatana kwenyika, kutya kwemunhu pamusoro pechengeteko yemhuri kana shanduko kazhinji, uye kushushikana kwepasirese pamusoro pevanoonekwa. njodzi kubva kumapato matsva ezvitendero (NRMs)”. Sezvineiwo zvakakwana, zvinoenda kumidzi yeanopesana nekunamata mafambiro ayo anotangira kuMadokero.
Chirevo chinotsanangura kuti mushure megore ra2009, "kutaura kwebato rinopesana nechitendero uye nyika yeRussia zvakasangana zvakanyanya mumakore gumi anotevera. Achitsinhira zvinonetsa Putin nezvekuchengetedzwa kwemweya netsika, Dvorkin akati muna 2007 maNRM 'anokuvadza nemaune manzwiro ekuda nyika yeRussia'. Uye ndiwo matangiro akaita kuungana, uye nei Chechi yeOrthodox yeRussia neAnti-cult movement zvakava kiyi muchirongwa chekuparadzira chaPutin.
Uchitaura nezvaDvorkin mushumo unoti: “Pesvedzero yaDvorkin yakatambanukirawo kunze kwenzvimbo yapashure peSoviet. Muna 2009, gore rimwechete raakagadzwa kuve mukuru weRussia Council of Experts, akavawo Mutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weEuropean Federation of Research and Information Centers on Sectarianism (FECRIS), sangano reFrance rinopesana nechitendero rine panEuropean pesvedzero. Hurumende yeFrance inopa huwandu hwemari yeFECRIS uye boka rinogara richiparadzira nhema dzisina kunaka pamusoro pezvitendero zvidiki, kusanganisira kumaforamu epasi rose senge OSCE Human Dimensions musangano. Dvorkin's centre ndiyo inonyanya kushamwaridzana neFECRIS muRussia uye inowana rubatsiro rwakakura rwemari kubva kuROC nehurumende yeRussia.
Zvino muchitsauko chinodaidzwa kuti "kutumira kunze kusashivirira muUkraine", USCIRF inoenderera mberi ichiti: "Russia yakaunza hurongwa hwayo hwekurambidza chitendero payakapinda muCrimea muna 2014, kusanganisira symbiosis pakati pemafungiro anopokana nechitendero uye kuchengetedzeka kwenyika. Hurumende yeUkraine inowanzoshandisa mitemo yechitendero kutyisidzira vanhuwo zvavo pamwe chete nekurwisa varwi munzanga yeCrimean Tatar.” Mukupedzisa, mushumo weUSCIRF unoburitsa pachena kuti "Alexander Dvorkin nevamwe vake vakaita mabasa akakosha muhurumende nenharaunda, vachiumba hurukuro yavose pamusoro pe. chitendero munyika dzakawanda.”
Donetsk uye Luhansk kurwisana nevanonzi machechi
Sezvineiwo, Donbass pseudo-states Donetsk neLuhansk, dzanga dziri nzvimbo dzega munyika dzinoita kuti kurwisa “machechi” kuve musimboti webumbiro. Magazini inonzi Bitter-Winter pamusoro perusununguko rwechitendero yakagumisa kubva pane izvozvo nohumwe uchapupu hwokuramba kwavo noutsinye rusununguko rwokunamata, kuti “zviri kuitika mumanyepo-'Donetsk People's Republic' uye 'Luhansk People's Republic' chiratidzo chakajeka cheutongi hwechiKristu hweOrthodox. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzaPutin dziri kufunga nezve 'Nyika yeRussia' ine miganhu yavanoramba vachiwedzera."[6]
Hakasi zvakare kekutanga kuti Anti-cult movement muzhinji, uye FECRIS kunyanya, yakabatana nepropaganda yenyika uye yepro-war. Europe. Mumushumo wakabudiswa muna Chikunguru 2005 uye wakasainwa negweta reFrance uye Miroslav Jankovic, akazova OSCE National Legal Officer muSerbia, zvakaratidzwa kuti mumiriri weFECRIS muSerbia aive Colonel Bratislav Petrovic.[7].
FECRIS yapfuura muSerbia
Maererano neshumo, Colonel Bratislav Petrovic weYugoslav Army aivewo neuropsychiatrist. Munguva yehutongi hweMilosevic, akatungamira Institute for Mental Health uye Military Psychology yeMilitary Academy muBelgrade. Kubva pachinzvimbo ichocho, akanyanya mukusarudzwa uye kugadzirira kwepfungwa kwemasoja euto raMilosevic vasati vaendeswa kuhondo. Colonel Petrovic akabatsirawo mukufambisa nhema dzaMilosevic dzekuti maSerbs ndivo vakaurayiwa uye kwete ivo vakapara mhosva muBosnia, zvinopesana nemishumo yese yakavimbika yeUN nezvenyaya iyi.
Mushumo wacho unopfuurira, kuti: “Petrovic zvino ari kushandisa unyanzvi hwake hwepfungwa hwokudzidzisa kunanga mapoka maduku orudzidziso. Asi izvi hazvisi zvitsva. Muna 1993, apo kucheneswa kwedzinza nechitendero kwakanga kuchiitwa muCroatia neBosnia, Petrovic akashandisa pfungwa imwe chete iyoyo kushora zvitendero zviduku muSerbia, achivapomera kuva masangano emagandanga uye zviri nyore kuati ‘sekete.’”
Chirevo chinoenderera mberi nekunyora mazita ose anonzi machechi akatarirwa neFECRIS muSerbia: maBaptisti, maNazareen, maAdventist, Zvapupu zvaJehovha, maMormons, maPentecostal, Theosophy, Anthroposophy, Alchemy, Kabala, Yoga centers, Transcendental Meditation, Karma Center, Shri Chimnoy, Sai Baba, Hare Krishna, Falun Gong, Rosicrucian Order, maMasons, etc. Sezvauri kuona, Petrovic akanga ari kure nekukundikana kwezvitendero zvekurwisana nazvo. Izvi zvakanga zvakafanana neaya akatarirwa naDvorkin neROC propaganda muRussia mukuedza kwavo kururamisa kuchengetedzwa kwe "Russian patriotic manzwiro" uye "kuchengetedzwa kwemweya".
FECRIS inotsigirwa nevatungamiriri veOrthodox nemachechi mune dzimwe nzvimbo
Ichi chiito chakabva kuFECRIS chakatsigirwa neChechi yeOrthodox yeSerbia, iyo, kuburikidza nemashoko emumiririri wake Bishop Porfirije, yakaronga kudiwa kwekuve ne "data rechokwadi mukufumura mapoka rimwe nerimwe semapoka ari kuparadzira kutya pamweya nechisimba". Porfirije akataurawo kuti "Kurwisa uipi uhwu kuchava nyore kana Mutemo wemasangano ezvitendero unouya", achireva bhiri iro iye naPetrovic vakaedza kugadzirisa. Kugadziriswa kwavakaita (asi kwakarambwa) kwakanangana nekuderedza kodzero dzezvitendero zvidiki muSerbia. Zvakare, izvi zvakafanana zvikuru nezvakaitika kuRussia, kunze kwokuti muRussia mutemo unorambidza kodzero dzezvitendero zviduku zvakanga zvakumbirwa neFECRIS wakapasiswa uye wakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukurwisana nemapoka ezvitendero asina chisimba.
Sezvineiwo, mumiriri weFECRIS muBelarus ane chinongedzo pawebhusaiti yeFECRIS inobatanidza zvakananga kune webhusaiti yeBelarusian Orthodox Church, iyo isiri pasi peBazi reRussian Orthodox Church. Mumiriri weBulgaria weFECRIS, "Center for Research on New Religious Movements", inoburitsa pawebhusaiti yayo inofona kubva kuBulgarian Orthodox Church kuti isashivirire "kuungana kusiri kwecanonical".
Zvakangodaro, sezvakataurwa neUSCIRF 2020 mushumo: "Dvorkin nevamwe vake havangoratidzi pfungwa nemaonero eOrthodox, uye manzwi anopokana mukati mechechi [ROC] akashoropodza bato rinopikisa chitendero nekuda kwekuvimba nedzidziso dzisingatenderwi uye dzisiri dzechokwadi. masosi”. "Manzwi anopokana" akadaro haana kunzwika pakati peFECRIS.
[1] MaRus aive boka rekare rekare, vaigara muRussia yemazuva ano, Ukraine, Belarus, nedzimwe nyika, uye ndivo madzitateguru evaRussia vemazuva ano uye mamwe madzinza ekuEastern Europe.
[2] Hurukuro yaAlexander Dvorkin pa Inzwi reRussia, 30 April 2014 muhurukuro yehurukuro "Burning point".
[3] https://pravoslavie.ru/75577.html
[4] https://iriney.ru/poslevoennaya-eklektika/sajentologiya/ostanovit-ochernenie-rossii-otkryitoe-pismo-byivshego-sajentologa-vladimiru-putinu.html
[5] https://www.uscirf.gov/publication/anti-cult-movement-and-religious-regulation-russia-and-former-soviet-union
[6] https://bitterwinter.org/donetsk-and-luhansk-denying-religious-liberty/
[7] Rondedzera nezve "Kudzvinyirirwa Kwezvitendero Zvishoma muSerbia: Basa rakaitwa neEuropean Federation of Centers of Research and Information on Sectarianism (FECRIS)" - 27 July 2005 naPatricia Duval naMiroslav Jankovic.
