Hurukuro naProf. Dr. Archil Metreveli, Mukuru we Institute for Religious Freedom yeYunivhesiti yeGeorgia
Jan-Leonid Bornstein: Tanzwa kubva kwauri nezve chirongwa chitsva chemutemo che Hurumende yeGeorgia maererano nekuendesa gwaro reDefence Code itsva Muna Zvita 2022. Kana pakagamuchirwa shanduro yakatumirwa yeDraft, mutemo uripo, unosunungura (kuregedza) Vashumiri vechitendero chipi nechipi kubva mubasa rehondo rinomanikidzirwa, uchabviswa. . Ingozi dzipi dzaunoona muchirongwa chitsva ichi?
Archil Metreveli: Kuti zvive zvakanyatsojeka, iyi haisati iri "njodzi" asi "chokwadi chiri pachena" chinozoitwa kana shanduko yemutemo ikagamuchirwa. Sezvizvi, mutemo wakatangwa unobvisa mukana wekuti Makurukota ezvitendero zvidiki, zvichireva kuti zvitendero zvese kunze kweGeorgian Orthodox Church, kuwana mukana wekusunungurwa kuita basa rechiuto.
Jan-Leonid Bornstein: Unogona here kutsanangura kuti vaverengi vedu vanzwisise matambudziko ari nani?
Archil Metreveli: Mitemo miviri yemitemo yeGeorgia inoshanda inovimbisa kusunungurwa kweMakurukota kubva mukumanikidzwa kuita basa rechiuto. Chekutanga, Chisungo chechina cheChibvumirano cheBumbiro reMitemo pakati peNyika yeGeorgia neApostora Autocephalous Orthodox Church yeGeorgia (kunyanya Vashumiri veChechi yeOrthodox yeGeorgia) uye chechipiri, Chisungo chemakumi matatu cheMutemo weGeorgia pamusoro peBasa reChiuto uye Basa rechiuto (the Vafundisi vechitendero chipi nechipi, kusanganisira Chechi yeOrthodox yeGeorgia).
Chisungo 71 chegwaro rakatumirwa Defence Code, inova imwe nzira yeChisungo 30 chemutemo wataurwa pamusoro unoshanda, unotonga kudzoserwa kwechiuto muBasa reChiuto, haichasanganisire iyo inonzi Ministerial Exception. Nokudaro, maererano nemutemo mutsva unonyorwa, hapana Gurukota rechitendero chipi nechipi chakambosunungurwa mubasa rechiuto hachichakwanisi kuva neropafadzo yeMinisterial Exception. Ukuwo, Chisungo chechina cheChibvumirano cheBumbiro reMitemo reGeorgia, chinobvisa basa rechiuto chete Vashumiri veChechi yeOrthodox yeGeorgia, chinoramba chichishanda.
Zvakakosha kuti maererano neBumbiro reMitemo yeGeorgia (Chinyorwa 4) uye Mutemo weGeorgia pamusoro peNormative Acts (Chisungo 7) Chibvumirano cheBumbiro reGeorgia chinotora nzvimbo yepamusoro pamusoro peMitemo yeGeorgia uye, kana ikagamuchirwa, zvakare pamusoro peDziviriro. Code. Naizvozvo, iyo Ministerial Exception (iyo ichabvisirwa Vashumiri vezvitendero zvese) haizodzima ropafadzo iyi kune Vashumiri veChechi yeOrthodox yeGeorgia sezvo ichiri kupihwa nemutemo wepamusoro-soro wetsika - Chibvumirano cheBumbiro reMitemo. yeGeorgia.
JLB: Ndinonzwisisa. Unofunga kuti sei mutemo uyu uchirongwa? Zvinoruramiswa sei?
PA: Tsananguro yeChinyorwa chakatumirwa inotaura kuti shanduko iyi ine chinangwa chekubvisa mukaha wemutemo unobvumira masangano ezvitendero "asina kutendeseka" uye "enhema" kubatsira vanhu kuti vadzivise basa rechiuto. Chinangwa chakatsanangurwa chinopindirana netsika yakagadzwa neChechi yeRusununguko rweBhaibheri - sangano rechitendero rakatangwa nebato rezvematongerwo enyika Girchi. Chechi yeRusununguko rweBhaibheri, sechishandiso chekuratidzira kwezvematongerwo enyika kweGirchi vachipokana nebasa rechiuto rinomanikidzwa, inopa chinzvimbo che "Mushumiri" kune vagari vasingade kuita basa rechiuto. Tsika yeChechi yeRusununguko rweBhaibheri inotsamira chaizvo pamutemo weBasa reChiuto uye Basa reChiuto riri kushanda.
JLB: Iwe unofunga kuti ichave neimwe mhedzisiro kumutemo weGeorgia kana tsika yemutemo?
PA: Hongu, uye yakatoita. Zvigadziriso zvakaendeswawo kuMutemo weGeorgia pamusoro pevasiri mauto, Alternative Labor Service. Zvikurukuru, maererano nebumbiro remutemo rakagadziridzwa chikonzero chokusunungura mugari wechiuto chinomanikidzirwa uye kuita rimwe basa risiri rechiuto, risiri rechiuto, pamwe chete nokuramba kupinda muchiuto nehana, zvichavawo chinzvimbo che“Gurukota”. Maererano neVakuru veGeorgian, iyi “Ropafadzo” itsva ichatsiva iyo yakabviswa Ministerial Exception, sezvo mutemo mutsva uyu uchashanda zvakaenzana kuVashumiri vezvitendero zvose, kusanganisira Chechi yeOrthodox yeGeorgia. Zvisinei, kududzira uku hakuna kutendeseka, sezvo Chibvumirano cheBumbiro reMitemo reGeorgia chinorambidza Hurumende kuti inyore Vashumiri veOrthodox kuita basa rechiuto rokumanikidzirwa, nokudaro, hazvizodikanirwi kuwedzera “ropafadzo” yebasa risiri rechiuto, risiri rechiuto kwavari. Somugumisiro, kana gwaro ratumirwa rikagamuchirwa, Makurukota eOrthodox achasunungurwa zvachose mubasa rechiuto, ukuwo Makurukota ezvimwe zvitendero zvose achizopiwa mamwe mabasa asiri echiuto.
JLB: Asi iyo rombo, zvichireva kuti kusunungurwa kuzere kubva pabasa rekumanikidzwa rechiuto, ikodzero yakakosha here?
PA: Zvatinetsekera zvinechekuita neKodzero yakakosha yeKuenzana uye Kusarurwa kunoenderana nechitendero. Sezviri pachena, kusunungurwa kweGurukota mubasa rechiuto (kusiyana nokusunungurwa kunobva pakuramba kupinda muchiuto) haisi kodzero inodzivirirwa neRusununguko Rwechitendero kana Kutenda. Ropafadzo iyi yakapiwa kwavari tichifunga nezvekukosha kweruzhinji rwechinzvimbo chavo uye nekuda kweHurumende yezvematongerwo enyika.
Kunyanguvezvo, Kodzero huru Yokuenzana uye Kusasarura yakavakirwa parudzidziso inoreva kuti, kana pasina chikonzero chaichoicho chokubatwa kwakasiyana, ropafadzo dzinopiwa neHurumende dzinofanira kupiwa zvakaenzana kuboka ripi neripi kana kuti munhu upi noupi pasinei zvapo nezivikanwo yorudzidziso kana kuti tsika. Mutemo wakatumirwa uri pachena uye rusarura rwakajeka runobva pachitendero, sezvo usingasanganisi chero chinangwa uye zvikonzero zvine musoro zvekurapa kwakasiyana kwakasiyana.
JLB: Semaonero ako, ndeipi nzira yakakodzera yehurumende maererano nenyaya iyi?
AM: Kuwana mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakadai hakuna kuoma. Chiitiko chemazuva ano cheRusununguko rweChitendero neDemocracy chinonyatso sarudza kuti Hurumende haifaniri kubvisa mutoro wayo nekurasikirwa kweMakodzero Anokosha uye Rusununguko rwevanhu kana mapoka. Nokudaro, kana Dare raizowana kuti Chechi yeRusununguko rweBhaibheri yakanga iri kushandisa zvisakafanira Rusununguko Rworudzidziso kana kuti Kutenda, Hurumende inofanira kubvisa chose chose muitiro wokuparadza uye kwete Kodzero Yokuenzana uye Kusasarura kwakavakirwa pachitendero nechitendero, chose chose.
JLB: Ndatenda
