Bitter Nguva yechando (09.01.2023) - 23 Chikunguru 2023 yaive Svondo nhema yeguta reOdesa uye kuUkraine. Pakamuka maUkraine nepasirese, vakawana nekutya uye nehasha kuti moyo weUNESCO World Heritage Site, Orthodox Transfiguration Cathedral wakanga wakuvadzwa zvakaipisisa nekurova kweRussian missile. Manzwi akakurumidza kusimudzwa kushora uye kuratidzira kupokana nemhosva itsva iyi yehondo uye UNESCO yakakurumidza kutumira basa rekutsvaga chokwadi kuOdesa.
Nyika yakashora tsotsi reRussia missile kurova. Zvino inofanira kubatsira Ukraine kuvakazve chechi yenhoroondo, UNESCO yakati.
Ona Chikamu I HERE uye ona mifananidzo yekukuvadza HERE.
(chinyorwa chakanyorwa na Willy Fautre uye Ievgeniia Gidulianova)
Dr. Ievgeniia Gidulianova ane Ph.D. muMutemo uye aive Associate Purofesa kuDhipatimendi reCriminal Procedure yeOdesa Law Academy pakati pa2006 na2021.
Iye zvino igweta mune yakavanzika uye mubatsiri weBrussels-based NGO Human Rights Without Frontiers.
Mheremhere yepasi rose
Mumiriri weBritain kuUkraine Melinda Simmons akacherechedza kuti pakanga pasina nzvimbo dzemauto pakati peOdesa.
"Ingori iguta rakanaka reUkraine, UNESCO World Heritage Site, kuburikidza nemachiteshi ayo chikafu chakakosha chinotengeswa kunze kwenyika," akadaro Simmons.
Mumiriri weUS kuUkraine, Bridget Brink akati: "Russia inoramba ichirwisa vanhuwo zvavo uye zvivakwa muOdesa. Inzvimbo yeWorld Heritage Site uye chiteshi chakakosha pakuchengetedza chikafu chepasirese. " akati Mumiriri weUS kuUkraine Bridget Brink.
Akasimbisa kuti hondo yeRussia isina chikonzero kurwisa Ukraine nevanhu vayo ine mhedzisiro yakaipa. Kunyanya, mumiriri akataura nezve yakaparadzwa Transfiguration Cathedral, iyo yakagadzirwazve pakutanga kwezana rino remakore mushure mekunge yaputika nekuraira kwaStalin mu30s yezana remakore rapfuura.
EU Mumiriri Mukuru weEuropean Union for Foreign Affairs uye Security Policy Josep Borrell akadana kurova kwehusiku kwaOdesa imwe mhosva yehondo yeRussia ndokunyora kuti: "Kutyisidzira kweRussia kusingadzoreki pamusoro peOdesa yakachengetedzwa neUNESCO imwezve mhosva yehondo neKremlin, iyo yakaparadzawo kathedhi huru yeOrthodox, World Heritage Site. Russia yakatokuvadza mazana enzvimbo dzetsika mukuyedza kuparadza Ukraine. "
Munyori Mukuru weUN António Guterres akashora zvakasimba kurwisa kweRussian missile kuOdesa, iyo yakauraya vanhu vaviri uye yakakuvadza Transfiguration Cathedral, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvivakwa zvezvakaitika kare munhoroondo yepakati peguta. Chirevo pamusoro peizvi chiitiko, chakaitwa naStéphane Dujarric, Mutauriri weSecretary-General, chakaburitswa pawebhusaiti yepamutemo yesangano neSvondo 23 Chikunguru.
Chirevo ichi chakadaidza kuputika kwekathedral nezvimwe zviyeuchidzo zvekare "kurwiswa kwenzvimbo yakachengetedzwa neWorld Heritage Convention, kutyora 1954 Hague Convention yeChengetedzo yeCultural Property pachiitiko cheArmed Conflict," yakaitika "mu. kuwedzera kune nzufu dzinotyisa dzavagari vemo dzinounzwa nehondo.”
Mutauriri weUN akacherekedza kuti kubvira pakatanga kupinda muUkraine kuRussia, UNESCO yakasimbisa kukuvadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinosvika mazana maviri nemakumi manomwe dzetsika muUkraine, kusanganisira 270 nzvimbo dzechitendero. Munyori Mukuru weUN anodaidzira kuRussian Federation kuti imise nekukurumidza kurwiswa kwezvinhu zvakadzivirirwa ne "zvinyorwa zvakatemerwa pasi rose", zvivakwa zveUkraine uye vagari vayo, Dujarric akadaro.
Sangano reUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) zvakare yakapa chirevo ichishora zvakanyanya kurwiswa kutsva kweRussia kunzvimbo dzeWorld Heritage muOdessa.
“Kuparadza kunotyisa uku kunoratidza kuwedzera kwemhirizhonga mutsika dzeUkraine. Ini ndinoshora zvikuru kurwiswa kwetsika uku uye ndinodaidza Russian Federation kuti itore matanho anovaka kuti izadzise zvisungo zvayo pasi pemutemo wepasi rose, kusanganisira 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in Event of Armed Conflict uye 1972 World Heritage Convention. akadaro Director-General weUNESCO Audrey Azoulay.
Kurwiswa uku kunopesana nezvichangobva kutaurwa nevakuru veRussia nezve matanho akatorwa kuchengetedza World Heritage nzvimbo muUkraine, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzadzo.
Kuparadzwa nemaune kwezvinhu zvetsika zvinogona kuenzaniswa nemhosva yehondo, iyo inozivikanwawo neUnited Nations Security Council, iyo Russian Federation inhengo yekusingaperi, muResolution 2347 (2017).
Russian Defence Ministry yasimbiswa kurwiswa kweguta racho asi akaramba kuti chinangwa chokuramwa mabasa kwacho chaiva Transfiguration Cathedral, nzvimbo yechitendero yakaparadzwa zvikuru. Sangano iri rinoti rakapfura chete "kunzvimbo dzekugadzirira kurwisa kwehugandanga kuRussia Federation", uye "kuronga kurwisa nezvombo zvakanyanyisa" kwakabvisa nemaune kukundwa kwezvinangwa zvevanhu. Temberi, sekureva kwemauto eRussia, yakakuvadzwa nekuda kwe "kusagona kuverenga nekunyora kwevaUkraine air defense operators." Panguva imwecheteyo, Russia munguva yehondo yakaramba ichirova zvibodzwa zvevagari vemo nezvombo zvemhando yepamusoro - uye nguva yega yega yairamba zvine mutsindo, kunyangwe basa rayo raive pachena.
Several Ukrainian masangano, kusanganisira iyo Academic Religious Studies Workshop uye Institute for Religious Freedom, kuongorora kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzechitendero nekuda kwehondo yeRussia paUkraine. Maererano nedata yavo, kumativi 500 zvivako zvechitendero, masangano echitendero dzidzo uye shrine muUkraine zvave zvakaipa kukuvara kana kuparadzwa. Zvizhinji zvezvivakwa zveOrthodox ndezveUkraine Orthodox Church (UOC).
"Tinokumbira rubatsiro rwepasirese rwekudzoreredza kweTransfiguration Cathedral"
Bazi Culture uye Information Policy rweUkraine inoshevedza nyika dzepasi rose kuti dzibatsire mukudzoreredzwa kwezvivakwa zvenhaka uye iri kugadzirira zvikumbiro zvakakodzera kuUNESCO World Heritage Committee uye yechipiri Protocol kuHague Convention.
Musi wa9 Nyamavhuvhu 2023, UNESCO akaiswa mhedzisiro yekutanga yebasa rayo nyanzvi, chinangwa chayo chaive chekuongorora kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nenhaka yetsika yeOdessa. Pakati pe52 zviyeuchidzo zvetsika zvakashumwa nevakuru veUkraine kuti zvakakuvadzwa mukurwiswa kweRussia, nyanzvi dzeUNESCO dzakakwanisa kuongorora nzvimbo dze10 dzakanyanya kukanganiswa.
Vazhinji vavo, kusanganisira iyo Transfiguration Cathedral, Imba yeSainzi uye Literary Museum, vakaongororwa nenyanzvi se "zvakakuvadzwa zvakanyanya". Nyanzvi dzakacherekedzawo kuti zvimwe zvivakwa zvenhoroondo zvanyanya kuve panjodzi nekuda kwekurwa uye, nekudaro, vari panjodzi yekukuvadzwa kukuru kana pakaitika kurwiswa kutsva, uko kunogona kuperekedzwa nemafungu ekuputika uye kudedera.
Vamiriri veInternational Council for the Preservation of Historical and Cultural Monuments (ICOMOS) uye International Center for the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property vakapinda mumishinari. Pakati pemabasa avo kwaiva kuzivikanwa kwekutyisidzira kutendeseka kwezvinhu zvetsika pamwe chete nekushandiswa kwematanho ekukurumidzira ane chinangwa chekuchengetedza uye kudzivirira kubva pakumwe kukanganisa.
Mhedzisiro yakadzama yemishoni ichaunganidzwa mumushumo uchaburitswa muna Zvita pamusangano wemapato e1954 Hague Convention. Ichapa ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pehukuru hwekukuvadza, pamwe nematanho ekudzivirira uye kudzoreredzwa kwenzvimbo dzenhaka yenzvimbo muOdesa, yakakurudzirwa neUNESCO nyanzvi. Asi UNESCO yakatounganidza mari yechimbichimbi yebasa rekutanga rekudzosera. UNESCO inoshuma kuti imwe mari yakagoverwa kubva kuFund for the Preservation of Heritage in Emergency Situations - USD 169,000 - kuitira kuti iite basa rekuchengetedzwa kwezviyeuchidzo zvetsika uye kuongorora kukanganisa.
