By Natalya Trauberg (mubvunzurudzo wakapiwa mukudonha kwe2008 kupihwa Elena Borisova naDarja Litvak), Nyanzvi Nhamba 2009(19), Chivabvu 19, 657
Kuva muKristu kunoreva kuzvipa nokuda kwomuvakidzani wako. Izvi hazvinei nesangano, asi zvinoenderana chete nesarudzo yemunhu uye saka hazvigoneke kuve chiitiko chikuru.
Natalia Trauberg mushanduri akanaka kubva kuChirungu, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian. Murume akazarurira muverengi wokuRussia muzivi wechiKristu Gilbert Chesterton, murevereri Clive Lewis, mitambo yeevhangeri yaDorothy Sayers, anosuwa Graham Greene, munyoro Wodehouse, Paul Gallico wevana naFrances Burnett. MuEngland, Trauberg ainzi "Madame Chesterton". MuRussia, aive sisita Joanna, nhengo yebhodhi reBible Society uye bhodhi rekupepeta remagazini "Foreign Literature", yakatepfenyurwa paredhiyo "Sofia" uye "Radonezh", yakadzidziswa kuBiblical-Theological Institute of St. Mupostori Andrew.
Natalia Leonidovna aida kutaura pamusoro peizvo Chesterton akadana kuti "chiKristuwo zvacho": kwete pamusoro pekudzoka mu "hutsvene hwemadzibaba vatsvene," asi nezvehupenyu hwechiKristu uye manzwiro echiKristu pano uye iye zvino, mumamiriro ezvinhu iwayo uye munzvimbo yatinoiswa. Pamusoro paChesterton naSayers, akambonyora kuti: “Mavari pakanga pasina chinhu chinobvisa munhu pa“upenyu hwechitendero” - kana simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi, kana kutapira, kana kusashivirira. Uye zvino, apo “mbiriso yavaFarise” inova nesimba zvakare, inzwi ravo rinokosha zvikuru, richava guru zvikuru. Nhasi mazwi aya anogona kuverengerwa zvizere kwaari uye neizwi rake.
Zvakaitika kuti Natalia Trauberg akapa imwe yekubvunzurudza kwake kwekupedzisira kune Expert magazine.
Natalia Leonidovna, pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu ematambudziko emweya anowanikwa nevanhu, vazhinji vakamirira kumutsidzirwa kwechiKristu. Uyezve, zvinotendwa kuti zvinhu zvose zvichatanga muRussia, sezvo iri Russian Orthodoxy ine kuzara kwechiKristu munyika yose. Unofungei nezvazvo?
Zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti kutaura nezve kusangana kweRussia uye Orthodoxy ndiko kunyadziswa kweDivine nekusingaperi. Uye kana tikatanga kukakavadzana kuti chiKristu cheRussia ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha munyika, saka tine matambudziko makuru anotidana kuti tive nemubvunzo sevaKristu. Kana dziri rumutsiriro… Hadzina kumboitika munhoroondo. Paiva nezvimwe zvikumbiro zvakati kurei. Pane imwe nguva nhamba yakati yevanhu yaifunga kuti hapana chakanaka chaibuda munyika, uye vakatevera Anthony Mukuru kuti atizire murenje, kunyange zvazvo Kristu, tinocherechedza, akapedza mazuva makumi mana chete murenje… Muzana remakore rechi12, apo mutungamiriri mamongi akauya, vazhinji vakangoerekana vanzwa kuti hupenyu hwavo hwakanga hwakapesana neEvangeri, uye vakatanga kumisa zvitsuwa zvakasiyana, dzimba dzemamongi, kuti zvienderane neEvhangeri. Vanobva vafunga zvakare: chimwe chinhu chakaipa. Uye vanosarudza kuedza kwete mugwenga, kwete muimba yemamongi, asi munyika kuti vagare pedyo neEvhangeri, asi vakavharirwa kubva munyika nemhiko. Zvisinei, izvi hazvinyanyi kukanganisa nzanga.
Muma70s muSoviet Union, vanhu vazhinji vakaenda kuchechi, tisingatauri ma90s. Chii ichi kana kusiri kuedza kumutsidzira?
Muma70s, vakangwara, sekutaura, vakauya kuchechi. Uye apo iye “akatendeuka,” mumwe aigona kucherekedza kuti haana bedzi kuratidzira mavara echiKristu, asi, sezvazvakazoitika, akaregawo kuratidza mavara oungwaru.
Zvinorevei - akangwara?
Izvo zvinobereka chimwe chinhu chechiKristu chiri kure: kuva akapfava, anoshivirira, kusazvibata, kusabvisa musoro wemumwe, nezvimwe zvakadaro… Chii chinonzi mararamiro enyika? Izvi ndizvo "ndinoda", "chido", izvo muEvhangeri inonzi "ruchiva", "ruchiva". Uye munhu wenyika anongorarama sezvaanoda. Saka hezvinoi. Mukutanga 70s, nhamba yevanhu vakanga vaverenga Berdyaev kana Averintsev vakatanga kuenda kuchechi. Asi unofungei? Vanozvibata sepakutanga, sezvavanoda: kusundira mhomho nepakati, vachisundira munhu wese parutivi. Vanoda kubvarura Averintsev kuita zvidimbu pahurukuro yake yekutanga, kunyange muhurukuro iyi anotaura nezvezvinhu zviri nyore zvevhangeri: unyoro uye kushivirira. Uye vakasundidzirana kure vachiti: “Ini! Ndinoda chidimbu cheAverintsev! Chokwadi, unogona kuona zvese izvi wotendeuka. Asi vangani vanhu vawakaona vakauya kuzopfidza kwete nekuda kwekunwa kana kuita hupombwe chete? Kupfidza upombwe kunogamuchirwa, ichi ndicho chivi bedzi chavanorangarira nokuziva, icho, zvisinei, chisingavadzivisi kusiya mudzimai wavo gare gare… Uye kuti chivi chikuru zvikuru kudada, kunokosha, kusashivirira uye kuoma pakati pavanhu , kutya, kuita hutsinye...
Zvinoita sokuti Evhangeri rinotaurawo chaizvo chaizvo pamusoro upombwe vakaroorana?
Zvikanzi. Asi harisi Vhangeri rose rakazvipira kune izvi. Pane imwe hurukuro inoshamisa apo vaapostora havagoni kugamuchira mashoko aKristu okuti vaviri vanofanira kuva nyama imwe. Vanobvunza: izvi zvinogoneka sei? Izvi hazvigoneki kuvanhu here? Uye Muponesi anowadzanyura ichi chakavanzika kwavari, anotaura kuti roorano chaiyoiyo mubatanidzwa wakakwana, uye anowedzera netsitsi zvikuru, kuti: “Ani naani anogona kugarisa, ngaagamuchire pokugara.” Kureva kuti ani nani anogona kunzwisisa achanzwisisa. Saka vakapidigura zvese uye vakatoisa mutemo munyika dzechiKatorike wekuti haungarambike. Asi edza kuita mutemo wausingagone kupopota. Asi Kristu anotaura pamusoro paikoku pakuvamba zvikuru, kuti: “Uyo anotsamwira hama yake pasina unotongwa.
Zvakadini kana zvisiri pasina, asi kusvika padanho?
Ini handisi nyanzvi yemubhaibheri, asi ndine chokwadi chekuti izwi rekuti "pasina" pano ishanduro. Kristu havana kuritaura. Kazhinji inobvisa dambudziko rose, nekuti chero munhu anotsamwa uye anopopota ane chokwadi chekuti havasi kuzviita pasina. Asi zvinonzi kana “hama yako yakutadzira, mutsiure pakati pako naye moga.” Ndega. Noruremekedzo uye nokungwarira, sezvaungada kufumurwa. Uye kana munhu wacho asina kunzwa, haana kuda kunzwa, “…ipapo torai mukoma mumwe kana vaviri” mutaure naye zvakare. Uye pakupedzisira, kana asina kuvateerera, ipapo achava so“muhedheni nomuteresi” kwamuri.
Kureva, somuvengi?
Kwete. Izvi zvinoreva: ngaave somunhu asinganzwisisi rudzi urwu rwekurukurirano. Uye wobva wasuduruka wopa nzvimbo kuna Mwari. Mutsara uyu - "wanira Mwari nzvimbo" - unodzokororwa muMagwaro kakawanda. Asi vangani vanhu vawaona vakanzwa mashoko aya? Vanhu vangani vatakaona vakauya kuchechi vakaziva kuti: “Handina chinhu, handina chimwe chinhu kunze kwoupenzi, kuzvitutumadza, zvishuwo uye chido chokuzvisimbisa… Ishe, munotsungirira sei izvi? Ndibatsirei kunatsa!” Pamusoro pazvo, musimboti wechiKristu ndewokuti zvinoshandura munhu wose pasi. Kune izwi rinobva muchiGiriki "metanoia" - shanduko yemafungiro. Kana zvese zvinoonekwa sezvinokosha munyika - rombo rakanaka, tarenda, hupfumi, hunhu hwakanaka hwemunhu - zvinorega kuve zvakakosha. Chero chiremba wepfungwa achakuudza: tenda iwe pachako. Uye muchechi hausi munhu. Hapana, asi anodiwa zvikuru. Ikoko munhu, semwanakomana anopambadza, anotendeukira kuna baba vake - kuna Mwari. Anouya kwaari kuti agamuchire ruregerero uye kumwe kuvapo, kunyanya muchivanze chababa vake. Baba vake, varombo pamweya, vanomupfugamira, ndokuchema, ndokumurega aende mberi.
Saka shoko rokuti “murombo pamweya” rinorevei?
Zvakanaka, hongu. Munhu wose anofunga: izvi zvingave sei? Asi hazvinei kuti unozvidudzira sei, zvese zvinouya pakuti ivo havana chinhu. Munhu wepanyika anogara aine chimwe chinhu: tarenda rangu, mutsa wangu, ushingi hwangu. Asi ava havana chinhu: vanovimba naMwari pane zvese. Vanova sevana. Asi kwete nokuti vana vakanaka, zvisikwa zvakachena, sezvinotaura dzimwe nyanzvi dzepfungwa, asi nokuti mwana haabatsiri zvachose. Haapo pasina baba vake, haagone kudya, haadzidzi kutaura. Uye varombo pamweya vakadaro. Kuuya kuchiKristu zvinoreva kuti nhamba yakati yevanhu ichararama hupenyu husingagoneki kubva pakuona kwenyika. Ehe, zvichaitika zvakare kuti munhu acharamba achiita izvo zvakajairika kwatiri, zvinonzwisa tsitsi, zvisingafadzi uye zvinosetsa. Anogona kudhakwa sebhiza jena. Unogona kuwira murudo panguva isiri iyo. Kazhinji, zvinhu zvose zvemunhu zviri maari zvicharamba zviripo. Asi achafanira kuverenga zviito zvake nemifungo yake kubva kuna Kristu. Uye kana munhu akazvigamuchira, akazarura kwete mwoyo wake chete, asiwo pfungwa dzake, ipapo kutendeukira kuchiKristu kwakaitika.
Kubatana pachinzvimbo cherudo
MaKristu mazhinji anoziva nezvekuvapo kwezvitendero zvakasiyana, vamwe vanofarira misiyano yecanonical. Izvi zvine basa here kuupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwomuKristu?
Ndinofunga kwete. Zvikasadaro, zvinozoitika kuti patakauya kuchechi, takangouya kune imwe institution. Hongu, kwakanaka, hongu, kune kuimba kunoshamisa ikoko. Asi zvine ngozi zvikuru pavanoti: vanoti, ndinoda chechi yakati neyokuti, nokuti vanoimba zvakanaka imomo…Zvingava nani dai vakanyarara, nokutendeseka, nokuti Kristu haana kumboimba chero kupi zvako. Kana vanhu vachiuya kuchechi, vanozviwana vari munzvimbo umo zvinhu zvese zviri neimwe nzira.
Izvi zvakanaka. Uye chaizvoizvo?
Muchokwadi, izvi zvakajairika nhasi: zvedu ndezvenyu. Ndiani anotonhorera - maKatorike kana Orthodox? Kana kuti pamwe schismatics. Vateveri vaBaba Alexander Varume kana Baba Georgy Kochetkov. Zvese zvakakamurwa kuita zvimedu zvidiki. Kune vamwe, Russia chiratidzo chaKristu, kune vamwe, pane zvinopesana, haisi mufananidzo. Zvakajairikawo pakati pevazhinji vedu, handizvo here? Ndakatora chirairo, ndikaenda munzira, uye ndinozvidza munhu wose asina kupinda chechi. Asi takaenda kune vaya vakanga vatumwa naMuponesi. Haana kutidana varanda, asi kuti shamwari. Uye kana nekuda kwemazano, kutendwa uye kufarira tikatanga kuparadzira kuora kune avo vasingararami maererano ne "mutemo" wedu, saka isu hatisi maKristu, chaizvo. Kana kuti pane chinyorwa chaSemyon Frank, paanotaura nezvekunaka kwemachechi eOrthodox: hongu, takaona nyika yerunako runoshamisa uye takaida zvikuru, uye takaona kuti ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha munyika, asi kune vanhu vakatipoteredza vasinganzwisise izvi. Uye pane ngozi yekuti tichatanga kurwisana navo. Uye isu, zvinosuruvarisa, tiri kufamba munzira iyi. Semuenzaniso, nyaya yechishamiso cheMoto Mutsvene. Kufunga kuti isu, vaKristu veOrthodox, ndivo vakanakisisa, nokuti isu chete, paIsita yedu, Moto Mutsvene unooneka, uye kune vamwe vose - fuck, izvi zvinoshamisa! Zvinoitika kuti vanhu vakaberekerwa, toti, muFrance, umo mune chiKaturike, vakarambwa kuna Mwari. Kubva kuna Mwari, uyo anotaura kuti muKristu anofanira, kufanana nezuva kumunhu, kupenyera kune chakanaka nechakaipa! Zvose izvi zvinei nechokuita neEvhangeri? Uye chii ichi kana isiri mitambo yepati?
Zvikurukuru, uhwu unyengeri here?
Ehe. Asi kana Kristu asina kukanganwira munhu upi noupi, ipapo bedzi “vanozviruramisa,” ndiko kuti, vaFarise. Haukwanise kuvaka hupenyu maererano neEvangeri uchishandisa mutemo: haukwane, iyi haisi Euclidean geometry. Uye tinofadzwawo nesimba raMwari. Asi nei? Kune zvakawanda zvezvitendero zvakadaro. Chero chitendero chechipegani chinoyemura simba raMwari, mashiripiti. Alexander Schmemann anonyora, hongu, zvichida vakambonyora, kuti chiKristu hachisi chitendero, asi hukama hwemunhu naKristu. Asi chii chiri kuitika? Hepano vakomana vechidiki, vari kunyemwerera, vari kutaura, vachienda kuchirairo… Uye shure kwavo kune chembere dzine zvimiti, mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Uye zvaisatomboitika kuti vakomana vashaye vana mbuya. Uye izvi ndizvo chaizvo mushure meiyo liturgy, apo zvakare zvakare zvese zvakataurwa! Handina kuenda kunotora chirairo kakawanda nokuda kwehasha zvachose. Uye paredhiyo "Radonezh", iyo inowanzoitwa neSvondo, akaudza vateereri kuti: "Varume, nhasi handina kutora chirairo nekuda kwenyu." Nokuti iwe unotarisa, uye nechekare mumweya wako chimwe chinhu chiri kuitika icho, kwete kungotora chirairo, asiwo kunyara kutarisa kuchechi. Chirairo hachisi chiito chemashiripiti. Uku ndiko Kudya Kwemanheru Kwokupedzisira, uye kana wakauya kuzopemberera Naye manheru ari kupembererwa nekusingaperi asati afa, edza kunzwa chinhu chimwe chete icho Kristu akawedzera kuTestamente Yekare uye chakashandura zvinhu zvose: “…dananai mumwe nomumwe. , sezvandakakuda iwe…»
Mutsara unowanzo kutaurwa ndewokuti “Usaite zvausingadi kuita.”
Hungu, kuda munhu wose akanaka kunoreva uyu mutemo wendarama. Zvine musoro: usaite izvi uye uchaponeswa. The Old Testament matrix, iyo yakazotorwa neIslam. Uye rudo rwechiKristu itsitsi dzinorwadza. Unogona kusada munhu wacho zvachose. Anogona kunge achikusemesa chose. Asi iwe unonzwisisa kuti, kunze kwaMwari, iye, sewe, haana dziviriro. Kangani patinoona tsitsi dzakadaro kunyange munzvimbo yedu yechechi? Nehurombo, kunyangwe iyi nharaunda munyika yedu ichiri isingafadzi kazhinji. Kunyange shoko rokuti “rudo” pacharo rakatokanganiswa mariri. Achityisidzira vasikana nemoto wegehena nekuda kwekubvisa pamuviri, muprista anoti: "Uye chinhu chikuru rudo ..." Paunonzwa izvi, kunyangwe nekusapikisa zvachose, pane chishuwo chekutora kirabhu yakanaka uye ...
Kubvisa mimba hakuna kuipa here?
Zvakaipa. Asi zvinhu zvakavanzika zvakadzama. Uye kana basa guru rechiKristu riri kurwisana nekubvisa pamuviri, saka pane chimwe chinokwezva mune izvi - mukunzwisisa kwepakutanga kwezwi. Ngatitii mumwe musikana aida kudiwa, sezvinoita munhuwo zvake, uye azviwana apinda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kuti asununguke. Uye muprista anomuudza kuti kana akafa panguva yokubvisa pamuviri, anobva angoenda kugehena. Uye anotsika tsoka dzake oshevedzera kuti: “Handichaendi kune ipi neipi yechechi dzenyu!” Uye ari kuita chinhu chakanaka nekutsika. Hameno muChristu enda unorambidza kubvisa mimba uvhundutsire vasikana vakanzwa kuti hapana chinokwirisa sekupinda murudo uye kuti haurambi munhu nekuti ndezvechinyakare, kana zvisiri zvechiKristu, kana chero. Zvinotyisa, asi maCatholic vane maitiro akadaro…
Zvakadini neOrthodox?
Tine zvakawanda kune rumwe rutivi: vanobvunza kana zvichibvira kuchengeta imbwa mumba umo mifananidzo inorembera, uye imwe yemisoro mikuru kutsanya. Zvimwe zvinhu zvechipegani zvinoshamisa. Ndinoyeuka pandakanga ndichangotanga kutepfenyura pachiteshi chiduku cheredhiyo chechechi, vakandibvunza mubvunzo wokuti: “Ndapota ndiudzei, chivi chikuru here kana ndikadya pamberi penyeredzi paManheru eKrisimasi?” Ndakaita sendichadonhedza misodzi ipapo ndiri pamhepo ndokutaura kwemaawa maviri nezvatave kutaura manje.
Zvirambe
Saka tingaitei pano?
Asi hapana chinotyisa pazviri. Patakanga tisina pfungwa yechivi kwenguva yakareba kudaro, tobva tatanga kugamuchira chero chinhu sechivi kunze kwekuzvida, “kukwanisa kurarama,” kuzvida, kuvimba mukururama kwedu uye kutsungirira kwedu, tinofanira kutanga. zvese zvakare. Vazhinji vaifanira kutanga patsva. Uye ane nzeve dzekunzwa ngaanzwe. Pano, semuenzaniso, Akaropafadzwa Augustine, musande mukuru. Aive akangwara, aive nemukurumbira, aive nebasa rinoshamisa, kana tikazviyera maererano nemaitiro edu. Asi upenyu hwakazomuomera, zvinova zvakajairika.
Zvinorevei: zvakava zvakaoma kuti Augustine ararame?
Apa ndipo paunotanga kuona kuti pane chakaipa. Mazuva ano vanhu vanozorodza manzwiro aya nekuenda kuchechi yakanaka uye nekuteerera kuimba kunofadza. Chokwadi, ipapo kazhinji kazhinji vanovamba kuzvivenga zvose kana kuti kuva vanyengeri, vasina kutongonzwa izvo Kristu akataura. Asi izvi zvakanga zvisina kudaro naAugustine. Shamwari yake yakauya kwaari ndokuti: “Ona, Augustine, kunyange zvazvo tiri masayendisiti, tinorarama semapenzi maviri. Tiri kutsvaka uchenjeri, uye zvinhu zvose hazvipo.” Augustine akafara chaizvo ndokumhanyira kubindu. Uye ndakanzwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo: "Itore uverenge!" Zvinoita sokuti mukomana uyu aishevedzera kune mumwe munhu mumugwagwa. Uye Augustine akanzwa kuti zvakanga zviri kwaari. Akamhanyira mumba ndokuvhura Vhangeri. Uye ndakasangana nemharidzo yaPauro, pamashoko anoti: “Pfekai Ishe Jesu Kristu uye regai kushandura kufunganya kwenyama kukuita kuchiva. Mitsara yakapfava: zvirambe uye utore muchinjikwa, uye usashandure zvinokunetsa pauri kuita zvishuwo zvako zvehupenzi, uye nzwisisa kuti mutemo unonyanya kukosha wepasirese - kuita izvo musoro wangu kana, handizive chimwe chinhu. , zvinoda - hazvisi zvemukristu hazvina basa. Mashoko aya akachinja Augustine zvachose.
Zvose zvinoita sezviri nyore. Asi nei munhu asingawanzokwanisa kuzviramba?
Chikristu hachina kugadzikana. Zvakanaka, ngatiti vanorega mumwe munhu ave mukuru, uye anofanira kufunga kuti zvakaoma zvikuru kuzvibata somuKristu mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Anoda uchenjeri hwakawanda sei! Mutsa wakadini unodiwa! Anofanira kufunga nezvemunhu wese seanozvida iye, uye chaizvo, sezvinoita Kristu kuvanhu. Anofanira kuzviisa panzvimbo yavose vanofamba pasi pake nokumuchengeta. Kana kuti, ndinoyeuka, vakabvunza chikonzero nei, apo ndaiva nomukana wakadaro, ndisina kutama. Ndakapindura kuti: “Nemhaka yokuti zvaizouraya vabereki vangu. Vaisazoda kuenda uye vaizoramba vari pano, vakwegura, vachirwara uye vakasurukirwa. " Uye isu tine sarudzo yakafanana padanho rega rega. Semuyenzaniso, mumwe munhu ari pamusoro akazadza imba yenyu, uye haana mari yekukubhadharai pakugadziridza… Unogona kumumhan'arira kana kutanga kupopotedzana naye zvobva zvaita kuti upenyu hwake huve huturu. Kana kuti iwe unogona kusiya zvinhu zvose sezvazviri, uye zvino, kana mukana ukamuka, ita kugadzirisa iwe pachako. Unogonawo kukanda mapfumo pasi… Nyarara, zvisina kukosha… Usagumburwe… Zvinhu zviri nyore. Uye chishamiso chekuzvarwa patsva chichaitika zvishoma nezvishoma. Mwari akakudza munhu nerusununguko, uye isu chete isu pachedu, nekuzvidira kwedu, tinogona kutyora. Zvino Kristu achaita zvose. Tinongoda, sekunyora kwakaita Lewis, kuti tisatya kuvhura nhumbi dzokurwa dzatakasungwa nadzo tomurega achipinda mumwoyo yedu. Kuedza uku chete kunoshandura hupenyu zvachose uye kunohupa kukosha, zvinoreva uye mufaro. Uye apo muApostora Pauro akati "Farai nguva dzose!", Aireva mufaro wakadaro - panzvimbo dzakakwirira dzemweya.
Akataurawo kuti "chema nevaya vanochema"...
Chinhu ndechekuti avo chete vanoziva kuchema vanogona kufara. Anogovera kusuwa kwavo uye kusuwa kwavo kune avo vanochema uye vasingatize kutambudzika. Kristu vanoti vanochema vakaropafadzwa. Kukomborerwa zvinoreva kufara uye kuve nekuzara kwese kwehupenyu. Uye zvipikirwa zvake hazvisi zvekudenga, asi zvepanyika. Hongu, kutambura kunotyisa. Zvisinei, apo vanhu vanotambura, Kristu anopa, kuti: “Uyai kwandiri, imi mose munotambudzika, makaremerwa, ndichakupai zororo. Asi nechido chimwe chete: Torai joko rangu pamusoro penyu uye muchawana zororo remweya yenyu. Uye munhu wacho anowana rugare zvechokwadi. Uyezve, kune runyararo rwakadzama, uye hazvina kumboita sekunge achafamba-famba seaoma nechando: anongotanga kurarama kwete zvisina maturo, kwete mukuvhiringidzika. Zvino mamiriro eHumambo hwaMwari anouya pano uye zvino. Uye zvichida, tazvidzidza, tinogona kubatsirawo vamwe. Uye hechino chinhu chakakosha zvikuru. Chikristu haisi nzira yeruponeso. Mukristu haasi iye ari kuponeswa, asi uyo anoponesa.
Kureva kuti anofanira kuparidza uye kubatsira muvakidzani wake?
Kwete chete. Chinonyanya kukosha, anosuma chinhu chidiki cherudzi rwakasiyana rwehupenyu munyika. Mai vamwari vangu, nanny wangu, vakaunza chinhu chakadaro. Uye handife ndakakwanisa kukanganwa kuti ndakaona munhu akadaro uye ndaimuziva. Akanga ari pedyo zvikuru neVhangeri. Mushandi asina kana sendi, akararama somuKristu akakwana. Haana kana kumbokuvadza munhu, kana kutaura shoko rinogumbura. Ndinoyeuka kamwe chete… Ndakanga ndichiri muduku, vabereki vangu vakaenda kune imwe nzvimbo, uye ndainyorera tsamba kwavari mazuva ose, sezvatakabvumirana. Uye mumwe mukadzi akanga achitishanyira anotarira ikoku ndokuti: “Eya, sei kubata nepfungwa yebasa romwana? Usambofa waita chero zvausingade kuita. Uye uchava munhu anofara.” Zvino mbuya vangu vakabva vacheneruka ndokuti: “Ndapota tiregererei. Iwe une imba yako, isu tine yedu." Saka kamwe muhupenyu hwangu hwose ndakanzwa shoko rinorwadza kubva kwaari.
Mhuri yako, vabereki, vaive vakasiyana here?
Ambuya vangu, Marya Petrovna, havanawo kumbosimudza inzwi ravo. Akasiya chikoro chaaishanda somudzidzisi nokuti ikoko aifanira kutaura zvinhu zvaipesana nechitendero. Sekuru vachiri vapenyu, vaifamba vachimupoteredza semukadzi chaiye: mungowani nejasi repamutemo. Akabva agara nesu. Uye zvakanga zvisiri nyore kwaari, munhu akaoma zvikuru, sezviri pachena nemhando, nesu, vanhu vasina hanya. Ava amai vangu, mwanasikana wavo, heuno murume wavo asina kuroora, mutungamiriri wefirimu uye mubohemian… Mbuya vangu havana kumbotaura kuti muJudha, nekuti muKristuwo zvake haave munhu anopikisa maSemite. Uye akatambura zvikuru sei neni! Ini, cretin ane makore gumi nemanomwe okuberekwa uyo asina kuenda kuchikoro, ndakaenda kuyunivhesiti uye ikoko ndakapotsa ndapengereka nemufaro, kubudirira, kupinda murudo… Uye kana ukarangarira zvinhu zvose zvoupenzi zvandakaita! Ndakapinda murudo ndichibva ndabira sekuru vangu ring yemuchato, ndichitenda kuti mafeelings andainzwa akandipa kodzero yekuisa ring iyi nedonje, ndoiisa pachigunwe changu ndofamba nayo. Nanny angadai akataura zvinyoro-nyoro, asi mbuya vangadai vakati nehasha: “Usadaro. Nonsense."
Uye izvi zvakaoma here?
Kwaari - zvakanyanya. Uye amai vangu, kuti ndipfeke zvine fashoni kupfuura zvandaifunga kuti zvinogoneka mushure mekurerwa kwaambuya nananny, vaigona kurovera musoro wangu kumadziro kuratidza chimwe chinhu kwandiri. Asi iye, achitambudzwa nehupenyu hwe bohemian, zvakare mutorwa kwaari nekuda kwekurerwa kwake, izvo iye, zvisinei, akamanikidzwa kutungamira, haagoni kutongwa. Uye nguva dzose aidavira kuti aifanira kundidzivisa pakutenda, sezvo ndaizviparadza ndimene. Even Messinga akandikoka kuti ndidzore pfungwa dzangu. Aiwa haana kurwisana nechiKristu, akangonzwisisa kuti zvaizoomera mwanasikana. Uye kwete nemhaka yokuti taigara muSoviet Union, uko vakazivisa kuti kwakanga kusina Mwari. Muzana ramakore ripi neripi, vabereki vanoedza kudzivisa vana vavo pachiKristu.
Kunyange mumhuri dzechiKristu?
Zvakanaka, semuenzaniso, Anthony Mukuru, St. Theodosius, Catherine wekuSiena, Francis wekuAssisi… Nyaya dzose dziri ina dzine vabereki vechiKristu. Uye zvese nezve chokwadi chekuti vana vese vanhu vakaita sevanhu, uye mwana wangu ari cretin. Theodosius haadi kupfeka zvine hungwaru sezvinofanira kuita kirasi yake, uye anopa simba rakawanda nenguva kumabasa akanaka. Catherine anotarisira vanorwara nevarombo zuva nezuva, achirara kweawa pazuva, pane kubuda neshamwari dzake uye kutarisira imba. Francis anoramba hupenyu hunofadza uye nhaka yababa vake… Zvinhu zvakadaro zvagara zvichionekwa sezvisina kujairika. Zvakanaka, zvino, apo pfungwa dze "kubudirira", "basa", "rombo" rave rava mwero wemufaro, kunyanya. Kukweva kwenyika kwakasimba zvikuru. Izvi zvinenge zvisingamboitike: "mira pamusoro wako," maererano naChesterton, uye urarame saizvozvo.
Ndeipi pfungwa mune izvi zvese kana vashoma chete vakava maKristu?
Asi hapana chikuru chaifungwa. Hazvina kuitika kuti Kristu akataura mashoko akadai: "mbiriso", "munyu". Zviyero zvidiki zvakadaro. Asi vanoshandura zvese, vanoshandura hupenyu hwako hwese. Chengeta rugare. Vanobata mhuri ipi neipi, kunyange imwe yavanenge vasvika pakunyadziswa kwakakwana: pane imwe nzvimbo, mumwe munhu, nerumwe rudzi rweminamato, nerumwe rudzi rwekuita. Ikoko, nyika yose yeiyi inoshamisa pakuona kwekutanga inovhura: kana zviri nyore, ita, kana zvakaoma, taura, kana zvisingabviri, nyengetera. Uye inoshanda.
Uye zvakare kuzvininipisa, nerubatsiro rwekuti mumwe chete anogona kukunda uipi hunokunda hwakapoteredza.
Mufananidzo: Iconographic type "Kuporesa munhu anorara nedhimoni"
Kunobva: http://trauberg.com/chats/hristianstvo-e-to-ochen-neudobno/
