Njengomhla wokugqibela weKomishoni wokuphunyezwa kocalucalulo lomthetho weNkundla yoBulungisa ye-EU usondela, eyona manyano yabasebenzi inkulu yase-Italiya icela uMphathiswa weDyunivesithi ukuba azinze nabasebenzi bokufundisa abangengabo abesizwe.
Kwinyathelo layo lamva nje lokukhusela amalungelo abahlohli beelwimi zasemzini (Lettori) kwiidyunivesithi zase-Italiya, i-FLC CGIL, eyona manyano yabasebenzi inkulu yase-Italiya, ibhale ileta evulelekileyo eya kuMphathiswa weDyunivesithi noPhando, u-Anna Maria Bernini, emcela ukuba ahlawule. imbuyekezo epheleleyo yentlawulo ngenxa yamashumi eminyaka yokuphathwa kocalucalulo phakathi kwexesha elisikiweyo leentsuku ezingama-60 ezinikwe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu.
in yayo upapasho ndaba zekhampani ye-26 kaJanuwari, iKomishoni yabhengeza ukuba ihambisa iinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho N.2021/4055 kwinqanaba loluvo kwaye yalumkisa i-Italiya ukuba ithobele uluvo kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbini ezimiselweyo okanye ukujongana nokudluliselwa kwetyala kwiNkundla yoBulungisa. iManyano yaseYurophu (CJEU). IKomishoni yavula inkqubo ngoSeptemba ka-2021 ngenxa yokusilela kwe-Italiya ekuphumezeni isigwebo se-CJEU esixhasa i-CJEU. Lettori in Ityala C-119/04.
Ileta eya kuMphathiswa uBernini idweba imbali yezomthetho ye-Lettori kwidabi labo lokulingana komvuzo, ebhekisela kwi-4 ukunqoba phambi kwe-CJEU. Ezi zibaleka ukusuka kweyokuqala kunye neseminal Allué case ka-1989 ukuya kukuphumelela kweKomishoni ngo-2006 kwityala layo lokunyanzelisa ngokuchasene ne-Italy ngenxa yokungazalisekiswa kwesigwebo sangaphambili seKomishoni v Italy ka-2001. uluvo oluqiqiweyo lukaJanuwari 2023.
"Ixesha eliqukiweyo kule mbali yomthetho imfutshane ilingana neminyaka engama-34," ibhala i-FLC CGIL kwileta yayo eya kuMphathiswa uBernini. Ubude bexesha lokucalucalulwa kwe-Italiya ngokuchasene ne-Lettori kubeka ityala njengelona xesha lide lokuphulwa kwe-parity yonikezelo lonyango lweSivumelwano kwirekhodi.
Nangona kunjalo, ekukhanyeni kwezicwangciso ze-Italiya zokunciphisa iindawo zokuhlala ngenxa ye-Letterri ukuya kwiminyaka ephambi ko-1995, ukophulwa kwemithetho kunokwenzeka ukuba kuhlale ixesha elide. Kwi-Case C-119/04 i-Grand Chamber ye-CJEU yamkele umthetho we-Italian womzuzu wokugqibela ka-Matshi ka-2004 owanika u-Letterri ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwekhondo lomsebenzi ukususela kumhla wokuqeshwa kwakhe. Ekuphenduleni, kwaye kwezona nzame zokuzama ukuphepha umthetho weCJEU, i-Italiya emva koko yamisela umthetho we-Gelmini we-2010, umthetho owawuguqulela ngokuphindaphindiweyo umthetho we-March 2004 kwaye wawufunda ukunciphisa uxanduva lwe-Italiya kwi-Letterri yokwakha kwakhona. kwikhondo lomsebenzi kuphela kwiminyaka engaphambi kowe-1995.
Kumba womthetho, i-FLC CGIL igqabaza:
“Ukuphononongwa koMthetho n. I-63 kaMatshi 2004 ibonisa ukuba iqulethe akukho lungiselelo lokunciphisa ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwekhondo lomsebenzi ngenxa yeLettori phantsi kweCase C-212/99 ukuya kwiminyaka ephambi ko-1995. I-119/04 ayifundeki, okanye ayinakufundelwa ukuthethelela umda onjalo. Ngokunzulu ngakumbi, kulandela ukuba i-Gelmini Law yokutolikwa kwe-retrospective yoMthetho n. Ngomhla wama-63 kaMatshi 2004 ufuna ukutshitshisa umthetho weNkundla Yobulungisa YaseYurophu, elona ziko liphambili leManyano yaseYurophu.”
Nge-13 kaDisemba iLetterri yokugqibela evela kwiiyunivesithi kulo lonke elase-Italiya yenza a bonisa eViale Trastevere kwindawo yeeofisi zoMphathiswa uBernini kunxweme olusekhohlo lweTiber eRoma. Uqhanqalazo lwalukuqhanqalazo oluchasene nenyaniso yokuba i-Italiya iyaqhubeka nokukhanyela uLettori ilungelo labo leSivumelwano sokulingana konyango. Kumgama nje omfutshane wokuhamba ukusuka eViale Trastevere, kwicala lasekunene leTiber, yiCampidoglio. Apho, njengoko ileta imkhumbuza ngokucacileyo uMnster Bernini, “kwiSala dei Conservatori ilungelo lokulingana lonyango latyikitywa laba ngumthetho njengelungiselelo leSivumelwano esiyimbali saseRoma nge-25 Matshi 1957”.
Ileta ye-FLC CGIL igxeka ngakumbi into yokuba abaqeshi abajongene nocalucalulo oluchasene ne-Lettori engeyiyo yelizwe kufuneka babe ziiyunivesithi. "Ukuba ukuvela kocalucalulo kufuneka kube ziiyunivesithi, zonke zineFaculties of Jurisprudence efundisayo. EU umthetho kwaye ke kufuneka ukwazi ukuqonda izigwebo ze-CJEU ezigxeka ucalucalulo oluchasene noLettori kwiiyunivesithi zase-Italiya, yeyona nto ilusizi", le leta ithi.
Kwityala C-119/04, iKomishoni icebise ukuba a intlawulo yemihla ngemihla ye-€309,750 ibekwe e-Itali ngenxa yocalucalulo oluzingisileyo ngokuchasene neLetterri. Umthetho womzuzu wokugqibela owaziswa ngo-Matshi 2004 wavuma ukuba u-Lettori unelungelo lokwakhiwa ngokutsha okungaphazamisekiyo kwabongi babo ukususela ngomhla wokuqeshwa kokuqala, kunye nesiphumo sokuba i-Grand Chamber ye-CJEU isindise i-Italy izohlwayo ezicetyiswayo. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokunikezelwa kwesigwebo amagatya omthetho awazange anyanzeliswe.
Ithetha malunga nokuba nokwenzeka kwetyala elongezelelweyo elithunyelwe kwi-CJEU ukuze lingaphunyezwa isigwebo kwiCase C-119/04, ileta ye-FLC CGIL ikhomba:
“Kwimeko enjalo amagqwetha oMmeli oGqibeleyo kuya kufuneka acacisele iCJEU, ukuba kutheni uMthetho kaMatshi ka-2004, owakhusela i-Italiya kwisohlwayo semihla ngemihla I-EUR 309, 750 isindululwe yiKomishini yaseYurophu, ayizange isetyenziswe njengoko itolikwa yi-CJEU. “
Iinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho zalandelwa yinkqubo yokulinga, indlela eyaziswa ukusombulula iingxabano ngoxolo namazwe angamalungu. Kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10 iye yasilela ngokuphawulekayo ukuphumeza injongo yayo. Intshukumo yenkqubo yokwaphulwa komthetho ibalwa kubalo lwelizwe lonke lweemeko zocalucalulo kwiiyunivesithi zase-Itali oluqhutywa ngu-Asso. CEL.L, imanyano esekwe eLa Sapienza kunye nomkhalazi osemthethweni kwinkqubo yokwaphulwa komthetho, kunye neFLC CGIL, eyona manyano yabasebenzi inkulu eItali. Iziphumo zoBalo-bantu ezibonisa ngokugqibeleleyo ukungahlawulwa kwentlawulo yokuhlawula ekufanele kuhlawulwe phantsi kwesigwebo seCase C-119/04 zafakwa kwiKomishoni.
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo owona mbuzo wepalamente unempembelelo kumbandela weLetterri obekwe kwiKhomishoni ngexesha logunyaziso lwePalamente yaseYurophu ekhoyo ngumbuzo ongeniswe nguClare Daly kwaye usayinwe yi-7 enye i-MEPs yase-Ireland. Ileta ye-FLC CGIL eya kuMphathiswa uBernini ikhankanya amagama kumbuzo wepalamente ogxile kuxanduva lokubuyelana oluza neenzuzo zobulungu be-EU.
"Iiyunivesithi zaseItali zifumana inkxaso-mali evela kwi-EU. I-Itali ifumene esona sabelo sikhulu seNgxowa-mali yoBuyiselo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, inqobo yokubuyisela ifuna ukuba i-Italiya ithobele umthetho kwaye iphumeze esona sigwebo samva nje se-CJEU esixhasa i-lettori: ityala C-119/04. "
UJohn Gilbert nguMnxibelelanisi weSizwe weeLeta kwi-FLC CGIL. I-lettore kwiYunivesithi yaseFlorence, intetho yakhe eyamkelekileyo kubalingane bakhe kuqhanqalazo ngaphandle kweeofisi zoMphathiswa uBernini ngoDisemba yagubungela amanqaku amaninzi afakwe kwi-FLC CGIL ileta eya kumphathiswa.
Umnumzana Gilbert wathi:
“Ngelixa iSebe leDyunivesithi likufuphi nendawo apho kwasayinwa khona iSivumelwano saseRome esiyimbali, imigaqo-nkqubo yocalucalulo olunxamnye noLetterri elandelwa bubufundisi kunye norhulumente wase-Italiya ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1980s zihlabathi ngaphandle kweSivumelwano saseRome, esathi sathi gqolo. ibethelela umgaqo wokulingana kwempatho kulo lonke uManyano. Ngokuhlaziywa koBalo lwesizwe siye saluthatha kunye no-Asso. I-CEL.L siya kubeka esweni ukuba ngaba ukulungiswa kwentlawulo phantsi kwesigwebo kwi-Case C-119/04 senziwa ngokwenene kwaye siya kunxibelelana ngeziphumo zethu eBrussels ".
Ileta eya kuMphathiswa uBernini ikhutshelwe kuMkomishinala weMisebenzi kunye namaLungelo eNtlalo, uNicolas Schmit, kunye nakuMongameli weKhomishini u-Ursula. U-von der Leyen, oye wanomdla wobuqu kwityala likaLetterri. Ngoku iza kuguqulelwa kuzo zonke iilwimi zenkobe zeLettori esebenza kwiiyunivesithi zase-Italiya kwaye inikezelwe kwizindlu zozakuzo zabo eRoma.
