I-HIV/AIDS – “Esona sizathu sibangela ukuba abantu basweleke ngenxa ye-AIDS kukungalingani eluntwini, kwaye zonke ezi zinto ziyadibana ukuze zibe semngciphekweni,” uWinnie Byanyima, uMlawuli oyiNtloko we UNAIDS, watsho. "Imithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho igxotha abantu kunyango olusindisa ubomi kwaye kufuneka isuswe."
Ikhunjulwa ngomhla woku-1 kuMatshi, Usuku lokucalucalulwa ijolise ekugxininiseni indlela abantu abanokwaziswa ngayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukubandakanywa, imfesane, uxolo, kunye nentshukumo yotshintsho. Umxholo ka-2023 – Gcina Ubomi: Ukuchasa ulwaphulo-mthetho – ubonisa impembelelo entle kwimpilo nakwiziphumo zobomi xa imithetho yocalucalulo nesohlwayo isusiwe.
Ukoyisa imiqobo esemthethweni
Nangona uhlaziyo lwamva nje kunye neenzuzo kuyo yonke imimandla, uthe ihlabathi alikho kwindlela yokufikelela kwinjongo ebekwe ngo-2021: ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezili-10 zamazwe aneemeko ezisemthethweni zohlwayo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eyenza imiqobo yokufikelela kwiinkonzo ze-HIV.
I-arhente yeZizwe eziManyeneyo elwela ukuphelisa uGawulayo inika ingxelo yokuba ukuvezwa kwe-HIV, ukungavezi, okanye ukosulela kuye kwaba njalo ukophula umthetho kumazwe ali-134 anika ingxelo ngo-2021. Kumazwe ali-153, ubuncinane inkalo enye umsebenzi wesondo akukho mthethweni. Ukwabelana ngesondo kwabantu besini esifanayo ngemvumelwano zichasene nomthetho kwizizwe ezingama-67, kwaye amazwe angama-20 axelayo aphunyezwa kwaye/okanye atshutshiswa abantu abatshintshe isini, i-UNAIDS yatsho.
Ukwengeza, Amazwe angama-48 asabeka imiqathango yokungena kwimida yawo kubantu abaphila ne-HIV, ngoxa amazwe angama-53 enikela ingxelo yokuba afuna uvavanyo olusisinyanzelo lweHIV, kwimisebenzi ukususela ekufumaneni iziqinisekiso zomtshato ukuya kwimisebenzi ethile. Imvume yomzali kubantwana abaselula ukufikelela kuvavanyo lwe-HIV ifuneka kumazwe ali-106.
Imithetho enjalo kunye nezohlwayo kwaphula amazwe ngamazwe amalungelo abantu imimiselo kunye nokubeka amabala nokucalula abantu abasele bejongelwe phantsi, utshilo uNksz Byanyima.
Ukuphelisa intswela-bulungisa ekuhlaleni
“Kwinqanaba lelizwe, ukubhangiswa kwemithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho egxotha abantu kuthintelo lwe-HIV kunye nonyango kubalulekile,” utshilo.
Uphando kwi-Afrika ekwi-sub-Sahara lubonisa ukuba ukuxhaphaka kwe-HIV phakathi kwamadoda abelana ngesondo kunye namadoda ngokuphindwe kahlanu kumazwe enza izenzo zesini esifana nesini zibe lulwaphulo-mthetho xa kuthelekiswa nabo bangakwenziyo, utshilo. Ukwanda kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kuye kwanda ngokuphindwe kali-12 kumazwe apho kutshanje kuye kwamangalelwa ngolwaphulo-mthetho.
Ngokufanayo, ukwenziwa lulwaphulo-mthetho ukuthengisa ngesondo kwandisa zombini umngcipheko wabathengisi ngemizimba ukufumana i-HIV kunye nokuba sesichengeni kwabo kubundlobongela obenziwa ngabathengi, amapolisa, kunye nabanye abantu besithathu.
“I-HIV sisifo, kodwa kukungabikho kobulungisa ekuhlaleni,” utshilo. “Kunjalo eqhutywa kukungalingani eluntwini. Ayizozinto ezinokwenzeka ngaphandle kwemvumelwano eluntwini, ngoko ke sifuna wonke umntu okhoyo.”
Ubungqina bubonisa oko ukuvala ityala iziyobisi ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuba nakho kusetyenziso lomntu lunokubaluleka ukunciphisa izehlo ze-HIV phakathi kwabantu abazitofa iziyobisi. Iinzame ezinxulumeneyo ziquka ukufikelela okukhulu kwiinkonzo zokunciphisa ingozi.
“Uhlaziyo lomthetho ke ngoko lubalulekile ukuba siza kuphelisa i-AIDS njengesigrogriso kwimpilo yoluntu ngo-2030,” utshilo.
© UNICEF/Frank Dejongh
Ibhinqa eliselula lifunyaniswa lingenayo i-HIV kwikhaya lalo eNdjamena, ikomkhulu laseChad.
Iithagethi eziyinyani
Okujoliswe kuko ngamabhongo, kodwa akunakwenzeka, wacacisa, ecaphula imizekelo yamabali empumelelo enkundla. Ngo-2022, Bheljiyam kwaye iOstreliya iyisusile imithetho eyenza kube lulwaphulo-mthetho umsebenzi wesondo, Zimbhabhwe ukuba sesichengeni se-HIV, ukungaxeli, kunye nokosulela, kunye neRiphabhliki yaseMbindi Afrika yawunciphisa umda wemithetho yayo yolwaphulo-mthetho ye-HIV.
Esalatha kweminye imizekelo, wathi iAntigua neBarbuda, iSt. Kitts neNevis, iSingapore neBarbados zine yabhangisa imithetho yamandulo yobukoloniyali ukwenza kube lulwaphulo-mthetho ukwabelana ngesondo kwabantu besini esinye. I-Kuwait irhoxise umthetho ojolise kubantu abatshintshe isini, ngelixa iNew Zealand yasusa izithintelo zokuhamba ezinxulumene ne-HIV.
