Ubusika obugqithileyo (31.08.2023) - Ngobusuku be-23 kaJulayi 2023, iRussian Federation yaqalisa uhlaselo olukhulu lomjukujelwa kumbindi we-Odesa olwadala umonakalo omkhulu kwiCathedral yoGuqulo lweOthodoki. Inkxaso yamazwe ngamazwe yokwakhiwa ngokutsha iye yathembisa ngokukhawuleza. I-Italiya neGrisi zezokuqala emgceni kodwa uncedo olungakumbi luyafuneka.
(inqaku libhalwe ngu UWilly Fautre kwaye Evgeniia Gidulianova)
Evgeniia Gidulianova unePh.D. kuMthetho kwaye wayenguNjingalwazi oDityaniswayo kwiSebe leNkqubo yoLwaphulo-mthetho ye-Odesa Law Academy phakathi kuka-2006 no-2021.
Ngoku uligqwetha kwimisebenzi yabucala kunye nomcebisi we-NGO esekwe eBrussels Human Rights Without Frontiers.
I-Itali kunye neGrisi zezokuqala emgceni wokubonelela ngoncedo. Jonga imifanekiso yomonakalo APHA kwaye Ividiyo ye-CNN
Inqaku elipapashwe kuqala ngu Ubusika obugqithileyo nge-31.08.1013 phantsi kwesihloko “I-Odesa Transfiguration Cathedral. 1. Emva kokuqhushumba kweRashiya, Uncedo luyafuneka ukuze kwakhiwe ngokutsha"
Ubume bomthetho obuntsonkothileyo
Ubume bomthetho beCathedral yoTshintsho luntsokothile kwaye alucacanga. Kuze kube ngoMeyi ka-2022, yayithathwa njengecawa enewonga elikhethekileyo kunye namalungelo okuzimela okubanzi, ehambelana ne-Ukrainian Orthodox Church / Moscow Patriarchate (UOC / MP).
Ngomhla wama-27 kuMeyi ka-2022, iBhunga le-UOC/MP lizisusile zonke izibhengezo zokuxhomekeka okunjalo kwimithetho yalo, ligxininisa ukuzimela kwalo ngokwasezimalini kunye nokungabikho kokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle ekuqeshweni kwabefundisi balo. Yazahlukanisa neCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya yaza yayeka ukukhumbula uKirill kwiinkonzo zobuthixo ngenxa yenkxaso yakhe kwimfazwe kaVladimir Putin nxamnye neUkraine. Lo mgama awuzange ukhokelele kuqhekeko oluvela eMoscow ukuze i-UOC ikwazi ukugcina imeko yayo yonqulo. Okwangoku, inkqubo yokudluliselwa kwamarhamente e-UOC kwiCawa yeOthodoki yesizwe yaseUkraine (OCU), eyasekwa ngoDisemba 2018 phantsi koMongameli Poroshenko kwaye yamkelwa nguConstantinople Patriarchate nge-5 kaJanuwari 2019, iye yakhawuleza.
Kulo mxholo, izimvo ze U-Archdeacon Andriy Palchuk, umfundisi we-Odessa Eparchy yeCawa yobuOthodoki yaseUkraine (UOC) malunga nomonakalo owenziwe kwi-cathedral kubalulekile ukukhankanya: "Intshabalalo inkulu. Isiqingatha secathedral sishiywe singenaphahla. Iintsika eziphambili kunye nesiseko ziphukile. Yonke i Iifestile kunye ne-stucco zavuthelwa ngaphandle. Kwakukho umlilo, indawo apho imifanekiso yonqulo namakhandlela ithengiswa khona ecaweni yatsha yatsha. Emva kokuphela kohlaselo lomoya, iinkonzo ezingxamisekileyo zafika zacima yonke into. "
Ngomhla we-23 kaJulayi 2023, Ubhishophu omkhulu uVictor waseArtsyz (UOC) ubhenele kuPatriarch Kirill ngendlela enoburhalarhume malunga nokugotywa kwe-cathedral. Wamtyhola ngokuxhasa imfazwe e-Ukraine, ilizwe elizimeleyo, kwaye wayisikelela ngokwakhe imikhosi yaseRashiya eyenza inkohlakalo:
"Oobhishophu nabefundisi bakho bangcwalisa kwaye basikelele iitanki kunye nemijukujelwa eqhushumba izixeko zethu ezinoxolo. Namhlanje, xa ndifika kwi-Odesa Transfiguration Cathedral emva kokuphela kwexesha lokufika ekhaya kwaye ndabona ukuba umjukujelwa waseRashiya 'wasikelelwa' nguwe wabhabha ngqo esibingelelweni secawa, kwabangcwele, ndaqonda ukuba iCawa yamaOthodoki yaseUkraine ayinanto. ngokufana nokuqonda kwakho ixesha elide. Namhlanje, wena kunye nabo bonke abaqalayo benza konke ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-UOC iyatshatyalaliswa kumhlaba waseUkraine. Namhlanje thina (esithetha egameni lababhishophu abaninzi be-UOC) siyalugxeka olu hlaselo luphambeneyo lweRussian Federation ngokuchasene neLizwe lethu eliZimeleyo. Sibanga ukuba siyishiye ngasemva iCawe yethu, oobhishophu bethu kunye nePrimate yethu. "
Abantu abaninzi e-Odesa nase-Ukraine bafuna ukwenza iminikelo kwimisebenzi engxamisekileyo eyenzelwe ukukhusela izinto ezibalulekileyo zecathedral (uphahla, iintsika…) ukunqanda ukuwohloka ngakumbi kwesakhiwo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngaphakathi nangaphakathi. Kwiphepha elisemthethweni le-Facebook leCathedral yoTshintsho, ividiyo ithunyelwe yi-diocese ukuqokelela imali yokubuyisela i-cathedral.
Malunga nembali enesiphithiphithi yeCathedral yoTshintsho
ICathedral yoGuqulo yeyona cawa inkulu yamaOthodoki eOdesa, eyona cawa inkulu yeDayosisi yaseOdesa yeCawa yobuOthodoki yaseUkraine. Imi kumbindi wembali wesixeko.
Imbali yecathedral yaqala ngaxeshanye kunye nokusekwa Odesa ngo-1794 nguCatherine II, ngoko Empress waseRashiya. Kwinkqubo yokunikezelwa kwesixeko ngokwaso ngu-Metropolitan Gabriel, indawo yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo secawa yexesha elizayo nayo yangcwaliswa kwiCathedral Square. Wabeka ilitye lokuqala ngomhla we-14 kuNovemba 1795. Umsebenzi wokwakha watsala iminyaka emininzi de wagqitywa. ngokwezicwangciso zobunjineli-ukapteni uVanrezant kunye nomyili wezakhiwo uFrapolli, nguMlawuli odumileyo waseFransi waseRichelieu, wamiselwa njengerhuluneli yaseOdesa ngowe-1803. I-cathedral yanikezelwa ngo-1808. Ukususela ngoko, i-cathedral iye yaziwa ngokuba yi-Transfiguration.
Ngexesha le19th kwinkulungwane, iCathedral yoTshintsho iye yanenani leenguqu ezibalulekileyo kunye nemisebenzi eyandisiweyo. Ifumene inkangeleko yayo yangoku yembali ngo-1903 kwaye ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo enkulu ye-90 nge-45 yeemitha, inokwamkela abantu abangama-9000 ngexesha. Ezinye iincwadi zide zikhankanye inani le-12,000.
Ngokumiselwa korhulumente wamaBolshevik eOdesa ngowe-1922, icathedral yaphangwa okokuqala, yavalwa ngowe-1932 yaza yadilizwa ngamaSoviet ngowe-1936. Iziqhushumbisi ezininzi zaqala zayitshabalalisa intsimbi yentsimbi, kwaza kwalandela isakhiwo sonke. Indawo phe phandaba "I-Black Sea Commune" yaphawula nge-6 Matshi 1936 ukuba abantu abayi-150 bathathe inxaxheba ekuchithweni. Njengoko ingqina lokuzibonela intshabalalo; Umbhali we-Odesa kunye nombhali-mbali wendawo u-Vladimir Gridin wabhala ukuba ii-icon zexabiso kunye neebhastile zazikhutshiwe ngaphambili etempileni kodwa isiphelo sabo asikaziwa.
ICathedral yangoku yoGuqulo yaphinda yakhiwa ngo-1999-2011 kwindawo yamabhodlo ayo. usikelelwe nguPatriarch Kirill ngokwakhe ngoJulayi 2010 xa i-UOC yayiphantsi kwe-Patriarchate yaseMoscow.
Kwinyathelo lamagunya asekuhlaleni, i-cathedral yafakwa kwiNkqubo yokuVeliswa kwezikhumbuzo eziBalaseleyo zeMbali kunye neNkcubeko yaseUkraine, evunywe nguRhulumente kwi-1999, kodwa akukho hlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwe-cathedral eyabelwe ngoko. Yakhiwa ngokutsha ngenkxaso-mali yabucala kunye neziseko zoncedo. Iofisi kasodolophu waseOdesa yayixhasa ngemali ingaphakathi lecathedral.
I-cathedral ebuyiselweyo yaqala ukusebenza ngomhla we-22 kuMeyi 2005. Ngoku, ngokweenkcukacha ezisemthethweni zeRejista ye-Unified State, igama elipheleleyo le-cathedral yi-Odesa Transfiguration Cathedral ye-Odesa Diocese ye-Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC). Ngo-2007, i-cathedral yafakwa kwi IRejista yoMbuso yezikhumbuzo ezingenakushenxiswa zaseUkraine njengesikhumbuzo sembali.
Kwi-2010, iqela labakhi bezakhiwo, abakhi kunye nabaculi banikezelwa ngeBhaso likaRhulumente lase-Ukraine kwintsimi yezokwakha ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-cathedral. Ngoku sesona sakhiwo siphambili soyilo esilawulayo iziko lembali yaseOdesa kunye necawa yayo ephambili yobuOthodoki.
I-cathedral ibaluleke kakhulu kwimbali kunye nesikhumbuzo njengendawo yokungcwaba abantu abadumileyo base-Odesa kunye noMzantsi weUkraine. Le yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokwakha ezibandakanya indawo yemveli ye "Iziko leMbali leSixeko sasePort of Odessa", efakwe kuLuhlu lweLifa leMveli le-UNESCO njengoko kucetywe yiUkraine ngo-2023.
Amagosa aphezulu aseItali aye anikela uncedo lokunceda iUkraine ukuze ibuyisele iCathedral yoKuguqulelwa kuMilo
Ngomhla wokuhlaselwa kwe-missile ebetha i-cathedral, uMphathiswa weZangaphandle wase-Italiya u-Antonio Tajani wathi: “Ukuqhushumba kwebhombu yaseOdesa yaseRashiya kwatshabalalisa inxalenye yeCathedral yoTshintsho, nto leyo eyayingenasidima. I-Italiya, emva kokuxhasa i-Odesa ukuba ibe lilifa lenkcubeko ye-UNESCO, iya kuba phambili ekwakhiweni kwesi sixeko.
“Uhlaselo lwaseOdesa, ukufa kwabamsulwa, ukutshatyalaliswa kweCathedral yoKuzenza kumila kumbi kwasichukumisa kakhulu. Abahlaseli baseRashiya badiliza iigrari, bavimbele izigidi zabantu abalambileyo ukutya. Bayonakalisa impucuko yethu yaseYurophu kunye neempawu zayo ezingcwele. Abantu abakhululekileyo abayi koyikiswa, uburharha abuyi kuphumelela, ”utshilo urhulumente wase-Italiya kwingxelo.
"I-Italiya, enezakhono ezizodwa zokubuyisela kwihlabathi, ikulungele ukuzinikela ekwakhiweni kwakhona kwe-Odesa Cathedral kunye nobunye ubuncwane belifa lobugcisa laseUkraine," wathi Inkulumbuso yaseItali uGiorgia Meloni.
IGrisi ikwajonge ukuncedisa ekubuyiseleni izikhumbuzo zezakhiwo ezonakaliswe ngexesha lohlaselo lwaseRashiya.
Ngokutsho kweBhunga leSixeko sase-Odesa, IGrisi ikwajonge ukuncedisa ekubuyiseleni amatye ezikhumbuzo ezakhiwo ezonakeleyo ngexesha lohlaselo lwe-missile yaseRashiya. Oku kubhengezwe yi I-Consul General ye-Hellenic Republic e-Odesa, u-Dimitrios Dohtsis, ngexesha lencoko kunye nosodolophu.
Wathi "IGrisi iya kuthatha inxaxheba ekubuyiseleni izikhumbuzo zezakhiwo ze-Odesa ezonakalisiweyo. IGrisi igxeka uhlaselo kwiziko lembali laseOdessa, elikhuselwe yiUNESCO. IGrisi iya kuthatha inxaxheba ekubuyiselweni kwezikhumbuzo zezakhiwo ezonakalisiweyo. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kwizindlu ezinembali yamaGrike, ezizezi: indlu kaPapudov kunye nendlu kaRodokanaki.."
“Siyavuya kuba uOdesa enabahlobo kwihlabathi liphela. IGrisi ibinceda iUkraine kunye ne-Odesa ukusukela ekuqaleni kwemfazwe egcweleyo. UMphathiswa wezeMicimbi yangaphandle yaseGrisi, uMnu. Nikos Dendias, wayese-Odesa kabini ngeli xesha kwaye waxhasa ngamandla ukungena kwethu kwi-UNESCO. Sibulela kakhulu kuwe,” utshilo usodolophu uGennadiy Trukhanov.
Ikhwelo lokuxhasa ngemali ukubuyiselwa kweCathedral yoTshintsho
I-Kyiv kunye nabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni e-Odesa bathemba kakhulu ukuba amanye amazwe, imibutho kunye nee-philanthropists ziya kunceda ekubuyiseleni izikhumbuzo zelifa lenkcubeko ye-Odesa.
Human Rights Without Frontiers ihlaba ikhwelo kwiManyano yaseYurophu kunye namazwe angamalungu ayo, iUnited States neKhanada kunye ne-Ukrainian diaspora yazo ngokwahlukeneyo ukuba ithathe inxaxheba ekubuyiselweni kweCathedral yaseOdesa.
