Ngomhla woku-1 kuDisemba, uRobin Brooks, ingcali yezoqoqosho kunye nomlawuli olawulayo weZiko lezeMali zaMazwe ngaMazwe, wabuza, “Kufuneka uzibuze ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni kwi-EU. Ukuhlasela kukaPutin eUkraine sisisongelo esikhulu kuyo yonke into emele i-EU. Kodwa ke kukho imizekelo emininzi efana nale: Ukuthunyelwa kwe-EU eArmenia kunyuke nge-200% ukususela ekuhlaselweni. Le nto iya eRashiya kwaye inceda uPutin. Yintoni eyenziwa yiBrussels? "
Ngokuzenzekelayo, kusuku nje olunye ngaphambili, ngoNovemba 30, iThe Economist yathi “uPutin ubonakala ephumelela imfazwe yaseUkraine—okwangoku.” Eli nqaku labalaselisa ukusilela kweNtshona ekuphumezeni izohlwayo ezisebenzayo ngokuchasene neRussia kwaye labiza amazwe ambalwa awayeboleka isandla kumlingani wawo obonakalayo: iTurkey, iKazakhstan, iIran, kunye neNorth Korea.
Ingakhathazwa kakhulu zizohlwayo zaseNtshona, iRussia iye yazijika ngempumelelo ngokufumana iidrones ezivela eIran, iimbumbulu ezivela kuMntla Korea, kunye neempahla ezahlukeneyo ngeTurkey naseKazakhstan. Uluhlu lubonakala lufutshane kakhulu, kwaye alubandakanyi iArmenia ekhankanywe ngasentla. Eli lizwe, ngokwemithombo emininzi, lelinye lamaqabane aseRussia aphambili ekuthengeni iimpahla ezahlukeneyo kwi-EU nakwiMpuma yeAsia ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2022.
Ngokomzekelo, iArmenia ayivelisi iimoto, kodwa njenge I-Financial Times iqatshelwe ngoJulayi ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kweemoto ezisuka eArmenia ukuya eRashiya kunyuke ukusuka kwi-800,000 yeedola ngoJanuwari 2022 ukuya kuthi ga kwi-180 yezigidi zeedola kwinyanga enye ka-2023.
Kodwa ayizizo iimoto kuphela: ii-microchips, ii-smartphones kunye neninzi yezinye iimpahla ezingena eRashiya nge-Armenia. Ingxelo ye-European Bank for Reconstruction and Development amanqaku ukuba "amakhonkco obonelelo amatsha ngeArmenia [...] asekwa ngeentsuku zohlwayo, kwaye kwathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuwandisa". Indibano mazwi liSebe lezoBulungisa lase-US, iSebe lezoRhwebo, kunye neSebe lezeMali lase-US lahlula i-Armenia "njengeqela lesithathu labalamli okanye iindawo zokutshintshela ukuphepha izigwebo ezinxulumene neRashiya kunye ne-Belarusian kunye nolawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle."
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba malunga nama-40 ekhulwini ezinto ezithunyelwa eArmenia zithunyelwa eRashiya, kunye norhwebo oluninzi olubandakanya ukuthunyelwa kwakhona kwempahla yaseNtshona iMoscow engenako ukuyifumana ngokuthe ngqo. Ngokutsho kwe-arhente yezibalo karhulumente yaseArmenia, urhwebo phakathi kweArmenia neRashiya luphantse lwaphindeka kabini ngowama-2022, lwafikelela kwiibhiliyoni ezi-5.3 zeerandi. Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Armenia eRussia kuphantse kwaphindaphindeka kathathu, ukusuka kwi-850 yezigidi zeedola ngo-2021 ukuya kwi-2.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022 kunye ne-2.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2023. Ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eRashiya kunyuke nge-151 yeepesenti ukuya kwi-2.87 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Iyonke yorhwebo ngoJanuwari-Agasti 2023 idlule i-4.16 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi., Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Armenian ukuya eRashiya kuphelele kwi-2.3 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngeli xesha, ukudlula ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe okokuqala, okuye kwafikelela kwi-1.86 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
Ngokutsho kweSebe lezeMali lase-US, IArmenia yayincedisa iRussian Federation kungekuphela nje ekungenweni kwempahla yoluntu, kodwa nasekuthengeni izixhobo zomkhosi.
Ipapashe ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nokubandakanyeka kwenkampani yaseArmenia ekuthengeni izixhobo zangaphandle kwishishini lomkhosi waseRashiya. Inkampani, echongiweyo njengeAurora Group, kutyholwa ukuba ithenge izinto ze-elektroniki ezinobuthathaka kubaboneleli baseNtshona kwaye emva koko yazithumela eRussia ngokwaphula izithintelo zolawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle.
Ngokutsho kweBloomberg, kukho ubungqina izixhobo zaseYurophu ezithunyelwa ngeArmenia ukuze zisetyenziswe kwimveliso yasemkhosini yaseRashiya.
Le ngxelo icaphula amaxwebhu angokuthunyelwa kwempahla kunye nodliwano-ndlebe neengcaphephe zemizi-mveliso njengobungqina bokuba iArmenia idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuncedeni iRashiya iphephe izohlwayo nokugcina amandla ayo omkhosi.
i Telegraph kuchazwe ukuba ukukhula kwezoqoqosho eArmenia kuye kwafikelela kwi-13 ekhulwini elingenakwenzeka ngowama-2022, nto leyo eyenza ibe kwindawo yesithathu ngoqoqosho olukhula ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini.
Eli phephandaba likwapapashe nengxelo yeZiko laseJamani leSouth Caucasus, “eyadiza ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ukusuka eJamani ukuya eArmenia kunyuke ukusuka kwi-178 yezigidi zee-euro ukuya kwi-505 yezigidi zee-euro ngo-2022. Oko kuphuma kwilizwe nje elinye le-EU. Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Armenia ukuya kwi-EU kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini ziphindwe kabini ukusuka kwi-753 yezigidi ukuya kwi-€ 1.3 yezigidigidi.
Ngabantu abazizigidi ezithathu kunye ne-GDP ngomntu ngamnye ongaphantsi kweshumi le-avareji yaseBritani, la ngamanani angenakwenzeka. Kodwa ziyinyani. Into ecacileyo yeyokuba izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweRussia - ezingahlawulisiyo kwaye zingenamsebenzi phakathi kwawo onke amazwe e-EAEU, ziphantse zajikiswa ngaphandle komthungo kwihlabathi langaphandle ngeesathelayithi zabo ".
Ngokutsho Jamestown Foundation, “ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwengeniso yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseArmenia ngaphandle kwesiseko esinzulu soqoqosho lwangaphakathi, ingakumbi ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokuthunyelwa kwempahla eRashiya kumazwe angaphandle eRashiya, kwakunye noluhlu lweemveliso ekurhweba ngazo, kunika isizathu sokucinga ukuba ezi zixhobo zezemvelo nokuba iArmenia ithe ngqo. inxaxheba ekuthumeleni kwakhona iimveliso ezivunyiweyo eRashiya.
Ngaphezu koko, ngokwe-Bureau yase-US yoShishino kunye noKhuseleko, i-Armenia inyuse ukungenisa kwee-microchips kunye neeprosesa ezivela e-US nge-515% kunye ne-European Union nge-212%-emva koko kuxelwe ukuba ithumele i-97% yezo mveliso eRashiya ".
Ngokutsho kwephephancwadi lasePoland Entsha eMpuma Yurophu, Yerevan inceda iMoscow ukuba ithintele izohlwayo ze-EU, i-US, kunye ne-UK ngokuququzelela ukuhamba kweedrones zase-Iranian kunye nemijukujelwa.
Eli phephancwadi licaphula idatha yokusebenza kwiinqwelomoya ezivela kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseYerevan's Zvartnots International, apho inqwelomoya yeSoviet Ilyushin-76MD kuthiwa ithutha iidrones zaseIran zisiya eRussia. I-Iran Air Cargo, inkampani egunyaziswe yi-US, yabonwa isebenza ngeenqwelomoya kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseYerevan ukuya nokubuya eMoscow, kunye namanye amaziko ase-Iranian abandakanyekayo ekuhambiseni iidrones zaseIran eRussia ngezikhululo zeenqwelomoya zaseArmenia.
Ngokutsho kwemithombo yaseUkraine, iArmenia iyasebenza usebenzisa indlela yolwandle edibanisa amachweba aseBatumi (eGeorgia) kunye neNovorossiysk (eRashiya) ukukhupha kwakhona iimpahla ezivunyiweyo kwiRussian Federation. Ngaloo ndlela, iNkampani ye-Armenian Shipping Company inoxanduva lokuthuthwa kwee-container ze-600 ngeveki kunye nomzila wolwandle wase-Batumi-Novorossiysk.
Inkulumbuso yaseLatvia uKrišjānis Kariņš naye wagqabaza ngendima ekhulayo yeArmenia ekuthumeleni ngaphandle izixhobo ezivunyiweyo zaseNtshona kunye nobugcisa eRashiya.
Nangona kunjalo, iintshukumo zikaYerevan kulo mdlalo azikhawulelwanga kudluliselo lwetekhnoloji. UKariņš ubonise ukuba kukho iindlela ezimbini zokujongana nale nto: ukuthetha ngeArmenia ngayo okanye "ukukhangela umthetho kwiYurophu iphela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba sikwenza kube lulwaphulo-mthetho ukuphepha izohlwayo. Vala ikroba!”, – wanyanzelisa. Izohlwayo ziyasebenza, ingxaki kukuba kufuneka banyanzeliswe kwabo banceda iRashiya ukuba ibaphephe.
