Kwiwebhu yomanyano, ummandla weSchengen ukhanya njengophawu lwenkululeko kunye nomanyano lokuqhawula imida kunye nokunika abemi beManyano yaseYurophu (EU) ilungelo elixabisekileyo lokuhamba ngaphandle kweencwadana zokundwendwela. Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo, ngo-1995 lo mmandla ungenamda uye waba yenye yeempumelelo zeprojekthi yaseYurophu exhobisa abantu ukuba baphile, bafunde, basebenze kwaye bahlole ngokukhululekileyo ngaphakathi kwemida yayo. Njengoko siqalisa ukuhlola ubugocigoci bommandla weSchengen masenze jonga kwizinto oko kuyenza ilitye lembombo lokuhlalisana eYurophu.
I-Symphony yeZizwe; Ukuqonda iSchengen
Kwisiseko sayo, indawo yeSchengen ibonisa ukudibanisa phakathi kwamazwe e-EU. Lo mmandla ongenazo iipaspoti ubandakanya onke amazwe angamalungu e-EU ngaphandle kwe-Ireland kunye neCyprus eziza kujoyina kungekudala. Okumangalisayo kukuba amazwe amane angengawo e-EU-Island, iNorway, iSwitzerland kunye neLiechtenstein-nawo ami ecaleni kwesi sivumelwano ukunika amava okuhamba.
Ukukhulula inkululeko; Injongo kunye neeNgenelo
Ukubaluleka kwendawo yeSchengen kunabela ngaphaya koncedo; luquka inkululeko. Abemi be-EU bayakuvuyela ukukwazi kwabo ukukhenketha naliphi na ilizwe elilungu kangangeenyanga ezintathu ngaphandle kokufuna nantoni na, ngaphandle kwencwadana yokundwendwela okanye ikhadi lesazisi.
Inkululeko enikezelwa ngummandla we-Schengen idlulela ngaphaya kwemisebenzi yokuzonwabisa njengoko ixhobisa abantu ukuba bahlale kwaye basebenze kulo naliphi na ilizwe elilungu ngelixa besonwabela unyango, njengabahlali bendawo. Oosomashishini bafumana intuthuzelo kwinkululeko yokuseka amashishini abo ngelixa abafundi bexabisa ilungelo lokulandela imfundo kumazwe e-EU.
Ukugcina uKhuseleko; Indlela Engenamda
Ngelixa imithetho ye-Schengen isusa ulawulo lwemida ukhuseleko luhlala luphambili. Xa sele bengaphakathi kwingingqi yeSchengen abahambi banokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kwamazwe ngaphandle kokujongana nokujonga umda. Nangona kunjalo, le ntshukumo igudileyo ayinayo imiqathango. Abasemagunyeni kuzwelonke banokujonga kufutshane nemida ngokusekwe kubuntlola bamapolisa kunye namava okulinganisa phakathi kwenkululeko nokhuseleko.
Ukujongana nemingeni; Imida yangaphandle
Imingeni ebangelwa kukwanda kokuhamba kwemfuduko ngo-2015 kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko ezilandelayo zakhokelela amanye amazwe angamalungu ukuba abuyisele ulawulo lwemida. Ukuqhambuka kobhubhani we-COVID-19 ngo-2020 kuye kwaqinisa ngakumbi lo mkhwa. Ukuqaphela le mingeni iKomishoni yaseYurophu iphakamise ukuhlaziywa kwi-2021 ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulawulo lwangaphakathi lwemida lusetyenziswa njengendawo yokuphumla. Le ndlela yokunyamekela igxininisa ukuzinikela ekugcineni imfezeko yommandla weSchengen.
Iimpendulo ze-EU; Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezitshintshayo
Ukujongana nemiba yokufuduka kunye nokukhusela imida kuye kwabangela ukusekwa kwezixhobo kunye nee-arhente, ngaphakathi kwe-EU. Inkqubo yoLwazi lweSchengen, iNkqubo yoLwazi lwe-Visa kunye ne-European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) ziye zavela njengabakhuseli bomgaqo weSchengen. Ngaphezu koko, i-Asylum, i-Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF) kunye neNgxowa-mali yoKhuseleko lwangaphakathi (ISF) idlala indima ekujonganeni nale mingeni ebonisa ukuzinikela kwe-EU, uxanduva kunye nentsebenziswano.
Ukujonga phambili; Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo
Uhambo oluya ekomelezeni indawo yeSchengen alupheli apha. Inkqubo yoLwazi lokuHamba lwaseYurophu kunye nokuGunyanyiswa kweNkqubo (Etias) imiselwe ukuba idlale indima ekuphuculeni amanyathelo okhuseleko. Kulindeleke ukuba isebenze phakathi kowama-2025 u-Etias uza kuhlola abahambi ngaphandle kokufuna i-visa esebenza njengesandulela sokufika kwabo e-EU. Ukongezelela, izicwangciso ziyaqhubeka ukuqinisa i-EU Border kunye ne-Arhente ye-Coast Guard kunye neqela labalindi be-10,000 kwi-2027 ebonisa ukuzibophezela ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lweYurophu kwiminyaka ezayo.
Njengoko sihamba ngenethiwekhi yendawo ye-Schengen ukubaluleka kwayo kuyacaca; ingaphezulu nje kommandla wejografi; imele imilinganiselo ekwabelwana ngayo, intsebenziswano kunye nokufuna okungagungqiyo kweYurophu emanyeneyo ebhiyozela iyantlukwano. Ke imida mayiphele njengoko utyelelo olutsha luqala ngaphakathi kwesi sindo somoya weSchengen.
