By UProf. AP Lopukhin, Ukutolikwa kweZibhalo Ezingcwele zeTestamente eNtsha
Isahluko 5. 1.-11. Ubizo lukaSimon. 12-26. Ukuphiliswa kweqhenqa kunye nobuthathaka. 27-39. Umthendeleko kumqokeleli werhafu uLevi.
Luka 5:1 . Ke kaloku, kwakubon’ ukuba kuye kuxinana kuye abantu, ukuba balive ilizwi likaThixo, waye emi ngasedikeni laseGenesarete.
Ebudeni bokushumayela kukaKristu, xa wayemi elunxwemeni kanye lweChibi laseGenesarete ( funda. Mat. 4:18 ) abantu baqalisa ukumxina kangangokuba kwaba nzima ngaye ukuhlala ixesha elide elunxwemeni ( cf. Mat. 4:18; Marko 1:16).
Luka 5:2 . wabona imikhombe emibini imi ngasedikeni apho; yaye ababambisi beentlanzi ababephume kuzo babeyitshonisa iminatha.
“Iminatha yadada”. Umvangeli uLuka unikela ingqalelo kuphela kulo msebenzi, abanye abavangeli bakwathetha ngokulungisa iminatha (Marko 1:19) okanye ngokuphosa iminatha kuphela (Mat. 4:18). Kwakufuneka kunyibilike iminatha ukuze kukhululwe kumaqokobhe nesanti eyayingena kuwo.
Luka 5:3 . Engenile ke kwesinye isikhitshana esibe kaSimon, wamcela ukuba akhe ahambe kancinane elunxwemeni, wahlala phantsi, wabafundisa abantu esemkhombeni.
USimon wayesele engumfundi kaKrestu (cf. Yoh. 1:37 ff.), kodwa akazange abizwe, njengabanye abapostile, ukuba aqhubeke elandela uKristu, waqhubeka ebandakanyeka ekulobeni.
Kwindawo apho uKrestu wayesesikhepheni ngexesha lentshumayelo, cf. Marko 4:1 .
INkosi yamcebisa uSimon, ukuba aqubhe aye enzulwini, aphoswe khona iminatha yakhe, abambisa iintlanzi. Igama elithi "wabuza" lasetyenziswa endaweni "yalelwa" (Evthymius Zigaben).
Luka 5:4 . Akupheza ke ukuthetha, wathi uSimon, Qubha uye enzulwini, niphose iminatha yenu, ukuba nibambise iintlanzi.
Luka 5:5 . Waphendula uSimon wathi kuye, Mongameli, sibulaleke ubusuku buphela, asabamba nto; kodwa ngelizwi lakho ndiya kuwuhlisa umnatha.
USimon, ebiza iNkosi ngokuthi “Mfundisi” (ἐπιστάτα! – endaweni yentetho edla ngokusetyenziswa ngabanye abavangeli “oorabhi”), waphendula ngelithi kwakungafane kwenzeke ukuba kulindelwe ukubanjwa, emva kokuba yena namaqabane akhe bezame kwanasebusuku, elwandle. iiyure ezilungileyo zokuloba, kodwa nalapho abazange babambise nto. Kodwa kunjalo, ngokokholo kwilizwi likaKristu, njengoko uSimon wayesazi, wayenamandla amangalisayo, wenza ukuthanda kukaKristu waza wafumana umvuzo omkhulu.
“Simangaliswe lukholo lukaPetros, owaphelelwa lithemba elidala wakholelwa kwinto entsha. “Ngelizwi lakho ndiya kuwuphosa umnatha.” Kutheni esithi, “ngokwelizwi lakho”? Ngokuba “ngelizwi lakho” “izulu lenziwa”, umhlaba wasekwa, kwaye ulwandle lwahlukana (Nd. 32: 6, INdu. 101: 26), umntu wathweswa isithsaba sakhe, kwaye yonke into yenziwa. ngokwelizwi lakho, njengoko uPawulos esitsho, "ebambe yonke into ngelizwi lakhe elinamandla" (Heb. 1: 3) "(St. John Chrysostom).
Luka 5:6 . Bathi, bakukwenza oko, babambisa inkitha enkulu yeentlanzi, wawukrazuka umnatha wabo.
Luka 5:7 . Baza bakhweba abalingane ababekwenye inqanawa, ukuba beze kubancedisa; beza, bayizalisa imikhombe yomibini, yada yafuna ukutshona.
Oku kubanjiswa kwaba kukhulu kangangokuba iminatha yaqalisa ukukrazuka kwezinye iindawo, yaye uSimon ekunye noogxa bakhe baqalisa ukwenza imiqondiso ngezandla kubalobi ababesele kwesinye isikhephe ngaselunxwemeni, ukuba beze ngokukhawuleza ukuze babancede. Kwakungeyomfuneko ukuba bakhwaze ngenxa yokuba umgama womkhombe kaSimon ukusuka elunxwemeni. Kwaye abalingane bakhe ( τοῖς μετόχοις ) babonakala belandela isikhephe sikaSimon ngalo lonke ixesha, kuba babeyivile into eyathethwa nguKristu kuye.
“Nikelani umqondiso, ningakhwazi, yaye aba ngoomatiloshe abangenzi nto ngaphandle kwengxolo nengxolo! Ngoba? Kungenxa yokuba ukubanjiswa kweentlanzi ngokungummangaliso kwaluhlutha ulwimi lwazo. Njengamangqina okuzibonela emfihlelo yobuthixo eyayisenzeka phambi kwabo, babengenakukhwaza, kodwa babenokubiza ngemiqondiso kuphela. Abalobi ababevela komnye umkhombe ababekuwo uYakobi noYohane, baqalisa ukuzihlanganisa iintlanzi, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba babezihlanganise kangakanani na, abatsha bangena emnatheni. Iintlanzi zabonakala zikhuphisana ukuze zibone ukuba ngoobani na abaya kuba ngabokuqala ukuzalisekisa umyalelo kaYehova: abancinane babamba abakhulu, abaphakathi bazibeka phambi kwezinkulu, ezinkulu zatsiba ezincinane; abazange balindele ukuba abalobi babambisa ngezandla zabo, kodwa batsibela enqanaweni ngokwabo. Intshukumo emazantsi olwandle yayeka: akukho nanye yeentlanzi eyayifuna ukuhlala apho, kuba babesazi ukuba ngubani owathi: "Amanzi mawavelise izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, imiphefumlo ephilayo" ( Gen. 1: 20 ) "(St. John Chrysostom).
Luka 5:8 . Uthe akukubona oko uSimon Petros, wawa emadolweni kaYesu, wathi, Mka kum, Nkosi, ngokuba ndiyindoda engumoni.
Luka 5:9 . Kuba wafikelwa lunkwantyo, kwanabo bonke ababenaye, ngenxa yeentlanzi ezo abazibambisayo.
Bobabini uSimon nabanye ababelapho boyika ngokugqithiseleyo, yaye uSimon wada waqalisa ukuyicela iNkosi ukuba iphume emkhombeni, njengoko wayevakalelwa kukuba ukuba nesono kwakhe kwakunokubandezeleka kubungcwele bukaKristu ( funda uLuka 1:12, 2 ; 9; 3 Kumkani 17:18.
"Ukusuka kuloo nto yokubamba" - ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi: "ukusuka ekubambeni abathathileyo" (kwinguqulelo yesiRashiya ayichanekanga: "ibanjwe ngabo"). Lo mmangaliso wamchukumisa ngokukhethekileyo uSimon, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba engazange ayibone imimangaliso kaKristu ngaphambili, kodwa ngenxa yokuba wawusenziwa ngokwenjongo ethile ekhethekileyo yeNkosi, ngaphandle kwesicelo sikaSimon. Wayeqonda ukuba iNkosi yayifuna ukumnika uthumo oluthile, kwaye uloyiko lwekamva elingaziwayo lwazalisa umphefumlo wakhe.
Luka 5:10 . ngokunjalo noYakobi noYohane, oonyana bakaZebhedi, ababengamadlelane kaSimon. Wathi ke uYesu kuSimon, Musa ukoyika; ukususela ngoku uya kuzingela abantu.
Luka 5:11 . Bakuba ke bezitsalele elunxwemeni izikhitshana, bashiya into yonke, bamlandela.
INkosi iyamqinisekisa uSimon kwaye imtyhilele injongo eyayinayo ngokuthumela uSimon ngokungummangaliso oyena kuloba ubutyebi. Esi yayisisenzo somfuziselo awathi uSimon waboniswa impumelelo awayeya kuba nayo xa wayeqalisa ukuguqulela abantu abaninzi kuKristu ngokushumayela kwakhe. Ngokucacileyo, umvangeli ubonisa apha eso siganeko sikhulu esenzekayo ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokushumayela koMpostile uPetros ngomhla wePentekoste, oko kukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwamawaka amathathu abantu kuKristu (IZenzo 2:41).
"Bashiye yonke into". Nangona iNkosi yayithetha noSimon kuphela, kubonakala ngathi abanye abafundi beNkosi babeqonda ukuba lalifikile ixesha lokuba bonke bazishiye izifundo zabo baze bahambe neNkosi yabo. Ngapha koko, olu yayingekabi lubizo lwabafundi kubulungiseleli babapostile obalandelayo (Luka 6:13ff).
Isigxeko esibi sibanga ukuba kwabavangeli ababini bokuqala akukho nto ithethwayo malunga nokuloba okungummangaliso, apho kugqitywa khona ukuba umvangeli uLuka udibanise apha iziganeko ezibini ezahluke ngokupheleleyo kwixesha elinye: ukubizwa kwabafundi ukuba babe ngabalobi babantu. ( Mat. 4:18-22 ) kunye nokuloba okungummangaliso emva koVuko lukaKristu ( Yoh. 21 ). Kodwa ukubanjiswa ngokungummangaliso kwincwadi yeVangeli kaYohane nokubanjiswa okungummangaliso kwincwadi yeVangeli kaLuka kunentsingiselo eyahluke ngokupheleleyo. Eyokuqala ithetha ngokubuyiswa kompostile uPetros kubulungiseleli bakhe bobupostile, yaye eyesibini – isengamalungiselelo obu bulungiseleli: apha ingcamango ibonakala kuPetros yaloo msebenzi mkhulu iNkosi imbizele kuwo. Ke ngoko, alithandabuzeki elokuba oku kuchazwa apha asikokubanjisiwe konke okwachazwa nguMvangeli uYohane. Kodwa ke singabaxolelanisa njani abavangeli ababini bokuqala kunye nowesithathu? Kutheni abavangeli ababini bokuqala bengatsho nto ngokuloba? Abanye abatoliki, bekuqonda ukuswela kwabo amandla okusombulula lo mbuzo, bathi umvangeli uLuka akathethi kwaphela olu bizo, abathetha ngalo abavangeli ababini bokuqala. Kodwa yonke imeko yesi siganeko ayikuvumeli ukucinga ukuba inokuphindaphindwa nokuba umvangeli uLuka wayengathethi ngalo mzuzu wembali yevangeli ababecinga ngayo abavangeli uMateyu noMarko. Ngoko ke, kulunge ngakumbi ukuthi abavangeli babini bokuqala abazange banxulumanise intsingiselo ebaluleke ngolo hlobo kolu kuloba kokomfuziselo njengoko kuye kwanjalo kumvangeli uLuka. Enyanisweni, kumvangeli uLuka, xa echaza umsebenzi wokushumayela owenziwa ngumpostile uPetros kwincwadi yeZenzo, yaye, kubonakala ukuba wayenexesha elide enomdla kuyo yonke into ephathelele lo mpostile, kwabonakala kubaluleke gqitha ukuba siwuphawule lo mfanekiso ufuziselayo kwincwadi yeVangeli. wempumelelo yomsebenzi wexesha elizayo wompostile uPetros, oqulethwe kwibali lokuloba ngokungummangaliso.
Luka 5:12 . Kwathi uYesu esedolophini, kweza indoda ezele liqhenqa, yathi yakumbona uYesu, yawa ngobuso, yambongoza isithi, Nkosi, ukuba uyathanda, unako ukundihlambulula.
Luka 5:13 . Wasolula isandla uYesu, wamchukumisa, wathi, Ndiyathanda, hlambuluka; Lathi kwaoko iqhenqa lemka kuye.
“wambamba”. Ngokutsho kukaBlaz. Theophylact, uThixo “wamchukumisa” kungekhona ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kodwa ekubeni ngokoMthetho lowo umchukumisayo oneqhenqa uba yinqambi, uyamchukumisa, efuna ukubonisa ukuba akuyomfuneko ukuba ayigcine loo mimiselo mincinane yoMthetho, kodwa ukuba yena uyiNkosi yomthetho, yena ngokwakhe uyiNkosi yomthetho. abahlambulukileyo kwaphela, ngobebonakala beyinqambi; liqhenqa lomphefumlo elidyobhayo. INkosi iyamchukumisa ngenxa yale njongo kwaye kwangaxeshanye ibonise ukuba inyama yaYo engcwele inamandla oBungcwele okuhlambulula nokunikela ubomi, njengenyama yokwenene kaThixo uLizwi.
“Ndiyafuna, zicoce”. Kukholo lwakhe kuza impendulo enenceba engathethekiyo: “Ndiya kuhlanjululwa.” Yonke imimangaliso kaKristu izizityhilelo ngaxeshanye. Xa iimeko zetyala zifuna oko, maxa wambi akasiphenduli ngokukhawuleza isicelo somguli. Kodwa akuzange kubekho nasinye isihlandlo apho Wathandabuzayo okomzuzwana xa oneqhenqa wakhala kuYe. Iqhenqa laligqalwa njengophawu lwesono, yaye uKristu wayefuna ukusifundisa ukuba umthandazo osuk’ entliziyweni womoni wokuhlanjululwa usoloko uphendulwa ngokukhawuleza. Xa uDavide, umzekeliso wabo bonke abaguqukayo benene, wadanduluka ezisola ngenene esithi: “Ndonile kuYehova”, umprofeti uNatan ngoko nangoko wamzisa iindaba ezilungileyo zobabalo ezivela kuThixo: “UYehova ubususile isono sakho; akuyi kufa” ( 2 Kumkani 12:13 ). UmSindisi wolula isandla sakhe aze achukumise lowo uneqhenqa, aze ahlanjululwe ngoko nangoko.
Luka 5:14 . Wathi ke yena makangabizi mntu; wathi kuye, hamba uye kuzibonisa kumbingeleli, usondeze, ngenxa yokuhlanjululwa kwakho, njengoko wamwiselayo uMoses umthetho, kube bubungqina kubo.
(Funda Mat. 8:2–4; Marko 1:40–44 ).
Umvangeli uLuka ulandela ngokusondeleyo uMarko apha.
U-Kristu uyakwalela ukuba abaphilisiweyo bathethe ngoko kwenzekileyo, ngenxa yokuba ukubachukumisa abaneqhenqa, okwalelweyo ngumthetho, kusenokuthi kwakhona kubangele uqhwithela lwengqumbo kwabo bangenamphefumlo, abo incwadi efileyo yomthetho ithandeka ngakumbi kunoluntu. Kunoko, lowo uphilisiweyo kwakufuneka aye kuzibonakalisa kubabingeleli, azise isipho esimiselweyo, ukuze afumane incwadi yokuhlanjululwa kwakhe. Kodwa indoda ephilisiweyo yavuya kakhulu kulonwabo lwayo ukufihla entliziyweni yayo, kwaye ayizange isigcine isibhambathiso sokuthula, kodwa yenza impiliso yakhe yaziwe kuyo yonke indawo. Noko ke, uLuka akathethi ngokungathobeli komvangeli oneqhenqa (cf. Marko 1:45).
Luka 5:15 . Kwaba kukhona okudumayo ngaye ukuthetha; yaye inkitha yabantu ithontelana ukuba imve, nokuthandaza kuye izigulo zabo.
“Nangakumbi”, okt. ukuya kumlinganiselo omkhulu kunangaphambili (μᾶλλον). Ukuvalwa umlomo, uthi, kukhuthaze abantu ukuba basasaze amarhe ngoMmangaliso ngakumbi.
Luka 5:16 . Waye yena ezihambela ezindaweni ezingasese, athandaze.
"Kwaye kufuneka ukuba, xa siphumelele kwinto ethile, sibaleke ukuze abantu bangasincomi, sithandaze ukuze isipho sigcinwe kwilizwe lethu." (Evthymius Zygaben).
Luka 5:17 . Kwathi ngamhla uthile wayefundisa, yaye abaFarisi nabafundisi-mthetho behleli kuyo yonke imizana yelaseGalili nelakwaYuda naseYerusalem, yaye wayenamandla eNkosi ukuba abaphilise,
Umvangeli uLuka wongeza kwibali labanye abaVangeli.
“Imini enye”, okt ngenye yezo ntsuku, kanye kanye ngexesha lohambo olwathathwa yiNkosi (bona uLuka 4:43ff.).
“abafundisi bomthetho” (cf. Mat. 22:35).
“kuzo zonke iilali” yintetho ebaxiweyo. Iinjongo zokuza kwabaFarisi nabafundisi bomthetho zazinokuba zahlukene kakhulu, kodwa, ewe, isimo sengqondo sokungabi nabubele ngakuKristu sasoyisa phakathi kwabo.
“Amandla kaThixo”, oko kukuthi, amandla kaThixo. Apho abiza khona uKristu iNkosi, uMvangeli uLuka ubhala igama elithi κύριος elichazwe (ὁ κύριος), kwaye apha libekwe κυρίου - lingachazwanga.
Luka 5:18 . Kwabonakala amadoda ethwele ngokhuko umntu ofelweyo, efuna ukumngenisa, ambeke phambi kwakhe.
(Funda Mat. 9:2–8; Marko 2:3–12 ).
Luka 5:19 . Athi, akuba engafumani ndawo angamngenisa kuyo, ngenxa yengxakeko, akhwela phezu kwendlu, aphuma eluphahleni, amhlisa ngokhuko, ephambi koYesu.
“Ngophahla”, oko kukuthi, kwi-slab (διὰ τῶν κεράμων) eyayibekwe eluphahleni lwendlu. Kwenye indawo batyhila i-plaque. (kuMarko 2:4, uphahla lubonakaliswa njengolufuna “ukugqojozwa”).
Luka 5:20 . Akulubona ke ukholo lwawo, wathi kuye, Mntundini, uzixolelwe izono zakho.
“Wathi kuye, Mntundini, uxolelwe…” – uKristu umbiza obuthathaka ngokuthi “ngumntwana”, njengakwezinye iimeko (umzekelo, Mat. 9:2), kodwa ngokulula “umntu”, mhlawumbi ebhekisa kwisono sakhe sangaphambili. ubomi.
Blaz. UTheophylact ubhala oku: “Uqala uphilisa isifo sengqondo, ngokuthi, ‘Izono zakho zixolelwe,’ ukuze sazi ukuba zininzi izifo ezibangelwa zizono; wandula ke waphilisa ubulwelwe, ebona ukholo lwabo babemzisile. Kuba ngokufuthi ngokholo lwabanye uyabasindisa abanye”.
Luka 5:21 . Baqala ukucamanga ababhali nabaFarisi, besithi, Ngubani na lo unyelisayo? Ngubani na onako ukuxolela izono ingenguye uThixo yedwa?
Luka 5:22 . Eziqiqile ke uYesu izicamango zabo, wabaphendula wathi, Nicinga ntoni na ezintliziyweni zenu?
“Xa uqonda, cinga ngabo”. Abanye abagxeki bakhomba apha ekuphikisaneni komvangeli uLuka naye ngokwakhe: kwelinye icala, usandul’ ukuthetha oko babeqiqa ngako ababhali phakathi kwabo esidlangalaleni, ukuze uKristu abe nokuziva iingxoxo zabo, aze athi, uKristu wangena ezingcingeni zabo. , ababezigcina ngaphakathi kwabo, njengoko umvangeli uMarko ephawula. Kodwa ngenene akukho kuphikisana apha. U-Kristu ngewayevile incoko yababhali phakathi kwabo – uLuka uthe cwaka ngale nto – kodwa kwangaxeshanye wangena ngengcinga yakhe kwiingcinga zabo ezifihlakeleyo, ababezifihla. Bona, ke ngoko, ngokutsho koMvangeli uLuka, abazange bathethe ngokuvakalayo yonke into ababeyicinga.
Luka 5:23 . Yiyiphi elula? ukuthi, Zixolelwe na izono zenu; okanye ndithi: Vuka uhambe?
“Ngoko ke uthi: “Yiyiphi na ekubonakala kunilungele ngakumbi: uxolelo lwezono okanye ukubuyiselwa kwempilontle yomzimba? Mhlawumbi ngokombono wakho ukuxolelwa kwezono kubonakala kulula ngakumbi njengento engabonakaliyo nengabonakaliyo, nangona kunzima ngakumbi, kwaye ukuphiliswa komzimba kubonakala kunzima njengento ebonakalayo, nangona ngokusisiseko kukhululekile ngakumbi. (Blaz. Theophylact)
Luka 5:24 . Ke ukuze nazi, ukuba unalo igunya uNyana woMntu lokuxolela izono emhlabeni apha (wathi kwabangenamandla), Ndithi kuni, Vuka, uthabathe ukhuko lwakho, uye ekhaya.
Luka 5:25 . Usuke wema kwangoko phambi kwabo, wayithabatha loo nto abelele kuyo, wemka waya endlwini yakhe, edumisa uThixo.
Luka 5:26 . Bangenwa kukoyika bonke, bamzukisa uThixo; Besuka boyika, bathi, Sibone izinto ezimangalisayo namhlanje.
Impembelelo eyenziwa ngulo mmangaliso ebantwini (ivesi 26), ngokutsho komvangeli uLuka, yayinamandla kunoMateyu noMarko bayichazayo.
Luka 5:27 . Emveni koko, waphuma uYesu, wabona umqokeleli werhafu ogama linguLevi ehleli endaweni yerhafu, wathi kuye, Ndilandele.
Ukubizwa kombuthi werhafu uLevi kunye nomthendeleko owawuququzelelwe nguye, umvangeli uLuka uchaza ngokutsho kukaMarko ( Marko 2: 13-22; cf. Mat. 9: 9-17 ), kuphela ngamaxesha athile esongezelela kwingxelo yakhe.
"Waphuma" - esixekweni.
"Wabona" - ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi: "waqala ukukhangela, ukujonga" ( ἐθεάσατο ).
Luka 5:28 . Washiya konke, wesuka wamlandela.
“Ekushiyeni yonke into”, oko kukuthi iofisi yakho nayo yonke into ekuyo!
“walandela” – ngokuthe ngqo: “walandela” (min. ixesha elingafezekanga lesenzi esithi ἠκολούει ngokwezona zifundo zibalaseleyo zithetha ukulandela rhoqo uKristu)
Luka 5:29 . ULevi ke wamlungiselela isidlo esikhulu ekhaya; Kwaye ke bebaninzi ababuthi berhafu, nabanye behleli nabo ngasesithebeni.
"Kwanabanye ababehleli nabo etafileni." Ngaloo ndlela umvangeli uLuka uthatha indawo yebinzana likaMarko elithi “boni” (Marko 2:15). Malunga nesibakala sokuba kwakukho “aboni” etafileni, utsho kwindinyana yama-30 .
Luka 5:30 . Bakhala ke ababhali nabaFarisi, besithi kubafundi bakhe, Kungani na ukuba nidle nisele nababuthi berhafu naboni?
Luka 5:31 . Wabaphendula ke uYesu wathi, Akufuneki gqirha kwabaphilileyo, lifuneka kwabafayo.
Luka 5:32 . Andize kubiza malungisa, ndize kubiza aboni ukuba baguquke.
Luka 5:33 . Bathe ke kuye, Yini na ukuba abafundi bakaYohane bazile ukudla futhi bathandaze njengabaFarisi, kanti abakho badla basele?
“Kutheni abafundi bakaYohane…”. Umvangeli uLuka akakhankanyi ukuba abafundi bakaYohane ngokwabo baphendukela kuKristu ngemibuzo (cf. uMateyu noMarko). Oku kucaciswa kukuba ufinyeza lo mfanekiso, abathi abavangeli ababini bokuqala bahlulahlule kwimiboniso emibini, ibe ngumboniso omnye. Isizathu sokuba abafundi bakaYohane bazifumane ngeli xesha bekunye nabaFarisi sichazwa kukufana kwezenzo zabo zonqulo. Enyanisweni, umoya wobuFarisi wokuzila ukutya nokuthandaza wawahluke ngokupheleleyo kulowo wabafundi bakaYohane, abathi kwangaxeshanye babagxeka kancinane abaFarisi ( Mat. 3 ). Imithandazo eyenziwa ngabafundi bakaYohane – ngumvangeli uLuka kuphela obakhankanyayo – mhlawumbi yayisenziwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini, lawo abizwa ngokuba “yishma” yamaYuda (cf. Mat. 6:5).
Luka 5:34 . Wathi ke kubo, Ninako yini na ukumzilisa ukudla umyeni, xa anabo umyeni?
Kwaye ngoku masithi ngokufutshane ukuba "oonyana bomtshato" (abayeni) babizwa ngokuba ngabapostile. Ukuza kweNkosi kufaniswa nomtshato kuba ithabathe iBandla njengomtshakazi wayo. Ngoko ke ngoku abapostile abafanele bazile ukutya. Abafundi bakaYohane kufuneka bazile ukutya kuba umfundisi wabo wayesenza isidima ngokubulaleka nangokugula. Kuba kuthiwa: “UYohane weza engadli, engaseli” (Mat. 11:18). Kodwa abafundi bam, ekubeni behleli nam – iLizwi likaThixo, ngoku abafuni nzuzo yokuzila ukudla, kuba kanye kanye kule (ukuhlala nam) baya kutyetyiswa kwaye bakhuselwe ndim”. (Sikelelwe Theophylact)
Luka 5:35 . Kodwa yofika mihla awothi asuswe kubo umyeni, bandule ke ukuzila ngaloo mihla.
Luka 5:36 . Wabathetha ke umzekeliso kubo: Akukho uthungela isiziba sengubo entsha engutyeni endala; kuba kungenjalo, nelo elitsha liya kukrazuka, nelisha lingabi njengesiziba esitsha.
“Ke kaloku wathetha umzekeliso kubo . . . Icacisa ukuba abaFarisi nabafundi bakaYohane babengenakwenza amabango ngokungawugcini kukaKristu ukuzila ukutya (umthandazo awubuzwa ngenxa yokuba, kambe ke, nabafundi bakaKristu babethandaza), ngokubhekele phaya iNkosi icacisa ukuba kwelinye icala, abafundi Bayo bafanele bawugcine lo mthandazo uphakamileyo. angabagwebi ngokurhabaxa abaFarisi nabafundi bakaYohane ngokubambelela kwabo ngokungqongqo kwimimiselo yeTestamente Endala okanye, ngokulunge ngakumbi, kumasiko amandulo. Ubani ufanele angathabatheli isiziba sengubo entsha, ukuze athunge endala; isiziba esidala asilingani, kwaye esitsha siya konakaliswa kukunqunyulwa okunjalo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwimbono yehlabathi yeTestamente eNdala, apho kwanabafundi bakaYohane umBhaptizi baqhubeka bemi phezu kwayo, singasathethi ke ngabaFarisi, akufuneki ukuba kongezwe inxalenye enye kuphela yembono yehlabathi entsha yobuKristu, ngendlela yokukhululeka kwingqondo. uzilo olusekelwe kwizithethe zamaYuda (kungekhona kuMthetho kaMoses). Kuthekani ukuba abafundi bakaYohane baboleka le nkululeko kuphela kubafundi bakaKristu? Kungenjalo, imbono yabo yehlabathi ayisayi kutshintsha nangayiphi na indlela, yaye okwangoku baya kwaphula ingqibelelo yembono yabo, yaye kunye nale mfundiso intsha yobuKristu, ekwakufuneka baqhelane nayo ngoko, iya kuphulukana nayo ingcamango yengqibelelo.
Luka 5:37 . Kananjalo akukho mntu uyitha kwiimvaba ezindala iwayini entsha engekabili; okanye yogqabhuka iintsuba iwayini entsha, iphalale yona, zonakale neentsuba;
Luka 5:38 . Yona iwayini entsha ifanele ukuthiwa ezintsubeni ezintsha; ngoko zombini ziya kugcinwa.
"Kwaye akukho mntu uthulula ...". Nanku omnye umzekeliso, kodwa unomxholo ofanayo nowokuqala. Iwayini entsha ifanele ukufakwa ezintsubeni ezintsha, kuba iya kubila, zithi neentsuba zewayini zibe zininzi. Izikhumba ezindala aziyi kumelana nale nkqubo yokuvutshelwa, ziya kugqabhuka - kwaye kutheni kufuneka sizincame ngeze? Basenokuthi baqhelaniswe nento… Kucacile ukuba apha uKristu waphinda walatha ubuyatha bokunyanzela abafundi bakaYohane, ababengalungelanga ukwamkela imfundiso yaKhe xa bebonke, ngokufunxa umthetho othile owahlukileyo wenkululeko yobuKristu. Okwangoku, abathwali bale nkululeko mababe ngabantu abakwaziyo ukuyibona nokuyifunxa. Ngokungathi kunjalo, uyabangxengxezela abafundi bakaYohane ngokuqhubeka besenza isangqa esahlukileyo ngaphandle kobudlelane Naye…
Luka 5:39 . Kanjalo akukho namnye uthe wasela iwayini endala, akayi kucela entsha kwaoko; ngokuba uthi: endala ingcono.
Kwaesi sizathu sabafundi bakaYohane siqulethwe kumzekeliso wokugqibela wewayini endala enencasa engcono (ivesi 39). Ngale nto iNkosi ifuna ukutsho ukuba kuqondakala ngokupheleleyo kuYo ukuba abantu, abaqhelene nemigaqo ethile yobomi kwaye bezenzele iimbono esele zimiselwe, babambelele ngamandla abo onke kubo.
