NguProf. AP Lopukhin
Isahluko 16. 1 – 13. Umzekeliso weGosa elingalungisiyo. 14 – 31. Umzekeliso weSityebi noLazaro owayelihlwempu.
Luka 16:1 . Wathi ke kubafundi bakhe, Kwaye kukho umntu othile osisityebi, obenegosa, ekwathikezwa ngaye ukuba wayichitha impahla yakhe.
Umzekeliso wegosa elingalungisiyo ufumaneka kumvangeli uLuka kuphela. Kwathethwa, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kwangaloo mini yathi iNkosi yayithetha ngayo imizekeliso emithathu engaphambili, kodwa lo mzekeliso awunxibelelani nawo, njengoko wawuthethwa nguKristu ebhekisa kubaFarisi, ngoxa lo ubhekisela “kubafundi. ” kaKristu, oko kukuthi uninzi lwabalandeli bakhe ababesele beqalile ukumkhonza, bebushiya ubufundisi behlabathi – uninzi lwabo babengababuthi berhafu naboni (uProt. Timothy Butkevich, “Ingcaciso yomzekeliso wegosa elingalungisiyo” Church Bulletins, 1911; iphepha 275).
"umntu omnye". Ngokucacileyo lo yayingumnini-mhlaba osisityebi owayehlala esixekweni, esikude kakhulu nelifa lakhe, ngoko ke wayengenako ukusityelela yedwa (esimele simqonde apha ngokufuziselayo – oku kucaca ngoko nangoko emva kokuba intsingiselo yokoqobo yomzekeliso icacisiwe).
"ikonom" (οἰκονόμον) - lit. umngcamli, umphathi wendlu, obephathiswe ukuphathiswa yonke impahla. Lo wayengelokhoboka (kunye namaYuda, amagosa ayedla ngokukhethwa phakathi kwamakhoboka), kodwa wayengumntu okhululekileyo, njengoko kubonakala kwisibakala sokuba, emva kokuba ekhululwe kwimisebenzi yegosa, wayezimisele ukungahlali neqela lakhe. inkosi, kodwa nabanye abantu ( iivesi 3-4 ).
"waziswa kuye". Igama lesiGrike elithi διεβλήθη (elisuka ku-διαβάλλω) limi apha, nangona lingathethi ukuba oko kwaziswayo yayiyintlebendwane nje, njengoko inguqulelo yethu yeSlavonic ithetha ngokomzekelo, ukanti ikwenza kucace ukuba oko kwakusenziwa ngabantu ababechasa umphathi wendlu. /umlindi.
"iyachithachitha". ( ὡς διασκορπίζων – cf. Luka 15:13; Mat. 12:30 ), oko kukuthi, uchitha kubomi obuyinkcitho nobunesono, uchitha impahla yenkosi.
Luka 16:2 . Elibizile ke, wathi kulo, Yintoni na le ndiyivayo ngawe? Nika ingxelo ngokuthozama kwakho, kuba akusayi kuba nako ukuba nesidima.
"yintoni le ndiyivayo". Umnini-ntsimi, ebizele kuye umphathi wendlu, wathi kuye ecaphukile: “Wenza ntoni na apho? Ndiva amarhe amabi ngawe. Andisafuni ubengumphathi wam kwaye impahla yam ndiza kuyinika omnye umntu. Kufuneka undinike i-akhawunti yepropati” (oko kukuthi nakuphi na ukuqeshisa, amaxwebhu etyala, njl. njl.). Le yintsingiselo yesibheno somnini propati kumphathi. Le yindlela kanye le yokugqibela eyayiqonda ngayo inkosi yayo.
Luka 16:3 . Lathi ke igosa ngaphakathi kwalo, Ndiya kuthini na? Inkosi yam iyandisusa ubungangamsha bam; ukumba, andikwazi; ukungqiba, ndineentloni;
Waqalisa ukucinga indlela yokuphila ngoku, kuba waqonda ukuba ngokwenene wayenetyala phambi kwenkosi yakhe kwaye wayengenathemba lokuxolelwa, kwaye wayengazange asindise nayiphi na indlela yokuphila, kwaye wayengenakusebenza okanye akayi kusebenza kwimiyezo nemifuno. iigadi. amandla akhe. Wayesenokuphila ngokufumana izipho, kodwa kuye, owayeqhele ukuphila ubomi obutofotofo nobunemali, oku kwakubonakala kulihlazo gqitha.
Luka 16:4 . Ndacinga into emandiyenze ukuze bamkelwe ezindlwini zabo xa ndikhutshiwe kwisidima.
Ekugqibeleni umncedi wacinga ngento anokuyenza ukuze amncede. Wafumana iindlela zokuvulelwa iingcango zamakhaya kuye emva kokuba engenandawo (ethetha “amakhaya” abanetyala lenkosi yakhe). Wababiza ke aba netyala, elowo yedwa, waqala ukuthethana nabo. Enoba aba matyala babengabaqeshi okanye abarhwebi abathatha iimveliso ezahlukeneyo kwifa ukuze bazithengise kunzima ukutsho, kodwa oko akubalulekanga.
Luka 16:5 . Libabizele kulo ngabanye abanetyala enkosini yalo, lathi kowokuqala, Unatyala lingakanani na enkosini yam?
Luka 16:6 . Wathi, Likhulu leekore zeoli. Wathi kuye, Thabatha iphetshana le, uhlale phantsi, ubhale ngokukhawuleza: amashumi mahlanu.
“ikhulu lemilinganiselo”. Wabuza umkhonzi lowo, omnye emva komnye, wathi, Bayityala malini enkosini yakhe? Eyokuqala yaphendula yathi: “ikhulu leemilinganiselo” okanye ngokuthe ngqo “iibhate” (ilulwane – βάτος, isiHebhere בַּת bat̠, iyunithi yokulinganisa ulwelo – ngaphezu kweeemele ezi-4) “oyile”, ibhekisa kwioli yomnquma, eyayibiza kakhulu. ixesha , ngoko iibhakethi ze-419 zexabiso leoli ngelo xesha kwimali yethu i-ruble ye-15,922, ehambelana ne-approx. 18.5 kg. igolide (Prot. Butkevich, p. 283 19).
"Ngesantya". Umthengisi wamxelela ukuba abhale ngokukhawuleza irisithi entsha apho ityala lomtyali liza kuncitshiswa ngesiqingatha – kwaye apha siyabona ukuba wonke umntu ukhawuleza kangakanani ukwenza ububi.
Luka 16:7 . Wathi ke komnye, Unatyala lingakanani na? Waphendula ke wathi, Zilikhulu leenyibiba zengqolowa. Wathi kuye, Thabatha iphetshana lakho, ubhale amashumi asibhozo.
“ikhulu leenyibiba”. Omnye umntu onetyala wayetyala “ikhulu leenyibiba” zengqolowa, nayo eyayixatyiswe kakhulu (inyibiba – κόρος – ngumlinganiselo wemizimba eninzi, idla ngokudla ngonkozo). Ikhulu le-krina yeendleko zengqolowa ngelo xesha kwimali yethu malunga ne-ruble ye-20,000 (ibid., Iphepha le-324), elilingana ne-approx. 23kg. igolide. Nerhuluneli yenza kwanjengokokuqala ngqa.
Ngale ndlela wenza inkonzo enkulu kwaba babini banetyala, kwaye emva koko mhlawumbi kwabanye, kwaye bona, baziva benetyala ngonaphakade kwi-bailiff, ngenxa yesixa esikhulu soxolelo. Emakhayeni abo wayesoloko emfumanela ikhusi nokutya.
Luka 16:8 . Yaza inkosi yamncoma lowo ungathembekanga, ngokuba wenze ngobulumko; kuba bona abeli phakade banengqondo ngaphezu kwabo abokukhanya.
“ingqondi”. Inkosi yendoda, yakuva ngesi senzo somlindi, yamdumisa, ifumanisa ukuba wenze ngobuqili, okanye, ngokuguqulelwa ngcono, ngobulumko, ngokucinga, nangokukhawuleza (φρονίμως). Ngaba le ndumiso ayibonakali ingaqhelekanga?
"indumiso". Inkosi yonzakele, kwaye kakhulu, ukanti uyayincoma irhuluneli engathembekanga, imangaliswe bubulumko bayo. Kutheni kufuneka amdumise? Kubonakala ngathi indoda ifanele immangalele enkundleni, ingamncomi. Ngoko ke, inkoliso yeetoliki igxininisa kwelokuba inkosi ngokwenene imangaliswa kuphela bubuchule bomninimzi, ingakhange iluvume kwaphela uhlobo lweyona ndlela athe wayifumana umninimzi ukuze asindiswe. Kodwa isicombululo esinjalo salo mbuzo asanelisi, kuba sicinga ukuba uKristu ngokubhekele phaya ufundisa abalandeli Bakhe kwanabo ubuchule kuphela okanye ukukwazi ukufumana indlela yokuphuma kwiimeko ezinzima ngokuxelisa abantu abangafanelekanga (abangengomalungisa).
Yiyo loo nto inkcazo enikwe nguProt. UTimotei Butkevich wale "ndumiso" kunye nokuziphatha komphathi wendlu, kubonakala kunokwethenjelwa ngakumbi, nangona singenakuvumelana naye ngokupheleleyo. Ngokutsho kwengcaciso yakhe, umnini-ndlu wayethabatha kumatyala akhe kuphela oko akutyalayo, ekubeni ngaphambili wayebhale kwiirisithi zakhe zombini isixa awayewunike abaqeshisi umhlaba ngesivumelwano nenkosi yakhe, kwanangexesha elidluleyo. oko wayenenjongo yokukufumana ngokwakhe. Ekubeni ngoku wayengasenalo ithuba lokufumana imali evunyelwene ngayo - wayeyishiya inkonzo - watshintsha iirisithi ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo enkosini yakhe, kuba kwakusafuneka afumane (Butkevich, p. 327).
Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba uvumelane neProt. T. Butkevich, ukuba ngoku umphathi wendlu “wabonakala enyanisekile yaye enesidima” nokuba inkosi yamncoma ngokuchanileyo ngenxa yokwala ithuba lokufumana umvuzo wakhe.
Ngoko ke, okunene inkosi, njengokuba ibekekileyo, ayizange inyanzelekile ukuba ibanyanzele abanetyala ukuba bayihlawule yonke into ababeyibiza kwirhuluneli; yabagqala ke, ukuba banetyalana elincinane kakhulu. Umphathi akamenzakalisanga ngokwenza – kutheni le nto inkosi ingamncomi? Yiyo kanye ukuvunywa kokufaneleka kokuziphatha kwegosa ekuthethwa ngako apha.
“Abantwana beli phakade banengqondo ngaphezu koonyana bokukhanya.” Ukutolikwa okuqhelekileyo kwesi sivakalisi kukuba abantu behlabathi bayakwazi ukulungelelanisa imicimbi yabo bhetele kunamaKristu baze bafikelele usukelo oluphakamileyo abazibekele lona. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukuvumelana nale ngcaciso, okokuqala, kuba ngelo xesha igama elithi "oonyana bokukhanya" lalingathethi amaKristu: kuYohane uMvangeli, obhekiselwa kuye nguBhishophu uMikayeli kwaye odibanisa nezinye iitoliki kule ndawo, nangona ukuba eli binzana lisetyenziswe kube kanye, alibhekiseli “amaKristu” (Thelekisa uYohane 12:36).
Okwesibini, ngaba abantu behlabathi, abanamathele kwihlabathi, banokuphi na ukuqiqa ngaphezu kwabo bazinikele kuKristu? Ngaba aba bamva abazange babubonakalise ubulumko babo ngokushiya yonke into baze balandele uKristu? Yiyo loo nto kule meko siphinda sityekele ekwamkeleni uluvo lukaProt. T. Butkevich, abathi “oonyana beli phakade” bangababuthi berhafu, abathi, ngokutsho kwabaFarisi, bahleli ebumnyameni bokomoya, bexakeka kuphela ngezilangazelelo zasemhlabeni (ukuqokelela irhafu), yaye “oonyana bokukhanya” bangabo. AbaFarisi abazigqala njengabakhanyisiweyo (bona kwabaseRoma 2:19) nabo uKristu ababiza ngokuba “ngoonyana bokukhanya”, ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokomfanekiso wabo.
“ngohlobo lwayo”. Ibinzana elongezelelwa nguKristu elithi: “kuhlobo lwakhe” nalo liyayifanela le ngcaciso. Ngala mazwi ubonisa ukuba akathethi “oonyana bokukhanya” ngendlela efanelekileyo yeli gama, kodwa “oonyana bokukhanya” ngendlela ekhethekileyo, ngohlobo lwabo.
Ngaloo ndlela, intsingiselo yeli binzana iya kuba: ngenxa yokuba ababuthi berhafu banengqiqo ngaphezu kwabaFarisi (prot. T. Butkevich, p. 329).
Kodwa kule ngcaciso—kwaye oku akufuneki sikubethelele—ukudityaniswa kwamagama okugqibela ale ndinyana kuthethwa ngayo nenqaku elithi inkosi yancoma umlindi ongathembekanga akukacaci.
Kusafuneka kuvunywe ukuba ingcamango yesiqingatha sesibini sendinyana yesi-8 ayibhekiseli kuyo yonke intetho yesiqingatha sokuqala, kodwa ichaza into enye kuphela “eyingqondi” okanye “eyingqondi”.
INkosi iqukumbela lo mzekeliso ngala mazwi: “Yaza iNkosi yalincoma igosa elingathembekanga ngokwenza ngokuqonda.” Ngoku ufuna ukuwusebenzisa lo mzekeliso kubafundi bakhe yaye apha, ejonge kubaqokeleli berhafu beza kuYe ( funda uLuka 15:1 ) ngokungathi uthi: “Ewe, ubulumko nokuqiqa ngokufuna usindiso kuyinto enkulu; ngoku kufuneka ndivume ukuba, ngokumangalisayo kwabaninzi, ubulumko obunjalo bubonakaliswa ngababuthi berhafu, kungekhona abo babesoloko bezigqala njengabona bantu bakhanyiselweyo, oko kukuthi abaFarisi”.
Luka 16:9 . Nam ndithi kuni, zenzeleni izihlobo ngobutyebi bokungalungisi, ukuze xa nithe nahlwempuzeka, namkelwe eminqubeni engunaphakade.
INkosi yayisele idumise abaqokeleli berhafu ababeyilandela, kodwa yakwenza oko ngesigwebo esiqhelekileyo. Ke kaloku, uthetha kubo ngokungqalileyo ngesiqu sakhe, esithi, “Ke mna, njengalaa nkosi wayenetyala elikhulu kuyo, ndithi kuni, Ukuba ubani uthe waba wobutyebi, njengoko ebenobuncwane obuninzi njengegosa, nibotshelelwe kuni, nibotshelelwe nje ukuba ninobutyebi. yena, ukuze nenze izihlobo eziya kuthi, njengezihlobo zomgcini, zinamkelele eminqubeni engunaphakade.”
“ubutyebi obungebobabulungisa”. Ubutyebi iNkosi ithi “ayibo bubulungisa” (μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας), kungekhona ngenxa yokuba yafunyanwa ngeendlela zentswela-bulungisa – obo butyebi bumele bubuyiswe ngokomthetho njengobubiwe ( Lev. 6:4; Dut. 22:1 ), kodwa ngenxa yokuba ililize. , ngobuqhophololo, ngokudlulayo, kwaye ngokufuthi emenza umntu abe rhabaxa, ngoburhalarhume, alibale umsebenzi wakhe wokwenza okulungileyo kubamelwane bakhe, aze asebenze njengomqobo omkhulu endleleni yokuzuza uBukumkani bamazulu ( Marko 10:25 ).
"xa uhlwempuzekile" (ἐκλίπητε) - ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi: xa (ubutyebi) bunqatshelwe ixabiso layo (ngokokufunda okungcono - ἐκλίπῃ). Oku kwalatha kwixesha lokuBuya kweSibini kukaKristu, xa ubutyebi bexeshana basemhlabeni buya kuba nantsingiselo (cf. Luka 6:24; Yakobi 5:1ff.).
“ukukwamkela”. Akuthethwa ukuba ngoobani na, kodwa kufuneka sicinge ukuba ngabahlobo abanokufunyanwa ngokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kobutyebi basemhlabeni, oko kukuthi. xa isetyenziswa ngendlela ekholisa uThixo.
"iindawo zokuhlala ezingunaphakade". Eli binzana lingqinelana nebinzana elithi “ezindlwini zabo” ( indinyana 4 ) yaye libhekisela kuBukumkani bukaMesiya, obuya kuhlala ngonaphakade ( funda 3 Esdras 2:11 ).
Luka 16:10 . Othembekileyo kokona kuncinane, uthembekile nakokukhulu; nongalungisiyo kokuncinane, akalolungisa nakokukhulu.
Iphuhlisa ingcamango yemfuneko yokusebenzisa ngobulumko ubutyebi, iNkosi kuqala icaphula, ngokungathi kunjalo, umzekeliso: “Othembekileyo kokuncinane, uthembekile nakokukhulu.”
Le yingcinga eqhelekileyo engadingi ngcaciso ikhethekileyo. Kodwa ke Uthetha ngokuthe ngqo nabalandeli Bakhe phakathi kwabaqokeleli berhafu. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo babenobutyebi obuninzi ababenabo, yaye babengasoloko bethembekile ekusebenziseni kwabo: ngokufuthi, ekuqokeleleni irhafu nemirhumo, babezithabathela inxalenye yemali eqokelelweyo. Ngoko ke, iNkosi ibafundisa ukuba bawuyeke lo mkhwa mbi. Kutheni befanele baziqwebele ubutyebi? Ayinabulungisa, yasemzini, kwaye kufuneka siyiphathe njengeyasemzini. Unethuba lokufumana inyani, okt. ubutyebi obunqabileyo ngenene, obufanele ukuthandwa ngokukhethekileyo, buyifanele isigxina senu njengabafundi bakaKristu. Kodwa ngubani na oya kunithemba kobu butyebi buphezulu, obu bubuhle, buyinyaniso, ukuba awukwazi ukulawula ophantsi? Ngaba unokuzukiswa ngeentsikelelo uKristu azinika abalandeli Bakhe bokwenyaniso kuBukumkani bukaThixo obuzukileyo obuza kutyhilwa?
Luka 16:11 . Ngoko, ukuba anibanga nakuthembeka ebutyebini bokungalungisi, ngubani na owonithemba kobo buyinyaniso?
“ngubani na oya kukuphathisa into yokwenyani”. UKristu uthi kubo: ninethuba lokuzuza okokwenene, oko kukuthi, ubutyebi obunqabileyo ngenene, obufanele ukuthandwa ngokukhethekileyo, njengoko busifaneleyo isigxina senu njengabafundi bakaKristu. Kodwa ngubani na oya kunithemba kobu butyebi buphezulu, obu bubuhle, buyinyaniso, ukuba awukwazi ukulawula ophantsi? Ngaba unokuzukiswa ngeentsikelelo uKristu azinika abalandeli Bakhe bokwenyaniso kuBukumkani bukaThixo obuzukileyo obuza kutyhilwa?
Luka 16:12 . Ukuba beningathembekanga kowasemzini, ngubani na oya kuninika okwenu?
Luka 16:13 . Akukho mkhonzi unako ukukhonza nkosi mbini; kuba eya kuyithiya le, athande leya; athi mhlawumbi angakholiseka yenye, ayidele leya. Aninako ukukhonza uThixo nobutyebi.
Ukusuka ekuthembekeni ekusebenziseni ubutyebi basemhlabeni, uKristu udlulela kumbandela wenkonzo eyodwa kaThixo, engahambelaniyo nenkonzo kaMamona. Bona uMateyu 6:24 apho esi sivakalisi siphindaphindwa khona.
Kumzekeliso werhuluneli engalungisiyo, uKristu, othi kule mfundiso acinge ngaphezu kwabo bonke ababuthi berhafu, ukwafundisa bonke aboni ngokubanzi indlela yokuzuza usindiso nolonwabo olungunaphakade. Le yintsingiselo engaqondakaliyo yalo mzekeliso. Isityebi nguThixo. Umnini ongalungisiyo ngumoni ochitha ixesha elide izipho zikaThixo ngokungakhathali, de uThixo ambize ngemiqondiso ethile esongelayo (isifo, ilishwa). Ukuba umoni akakaphulukani neengqondo zakhe, uyaguquka, kanye njengokuba igosa libaxolela abo banetyala enkosini yalo naliphi na ityala elicinga ukuba linalo.
Akukho sizathu sokungena kwiingcaciso ezizezeko ezineenkcukacha zalo mzekeliso, kuba apha kuya kufuneka sikhokelwe kuphela ngamabona-ndenzile ngokupheleleyo kwaye sibhenele kwiindibano: njengawo nawuphi na umzekeliso, umzekeliso wegosa elingalungisiyo uqulathe, ukongezelela kumxholo oyintloko. umbono, iimpawu ezongezelelweyo ezingadingi ngcaciso.
Luka 16:14 . Baziva ezo nto *abaFarasi, amathanda-mali, baza bahlekisa ngaye.
"baye bahlekisa". Phakathi kwabo babephulaphule umzekeliso womnini ongalungisiyo kwakukho nabaFarisi, ababemgculela ( ἐξεμυκτήριζον) uKristu - ngokucacileyo ngenxa yokuba babecinga ukuba imbono Yakhe ngobutyebi basemhlabeni yayihlekisa. Umthetho, bathi, ubujonge ubutyebi ngendlela eyahlukileyo: kukho ubutyebi obuthenjisiweyo njengomvuzo welungisa ngenxa yezidima zabo, ngoko ke akunakuthiwa abulungiswanga. Ngapha koko, nabaFarisi ngokwabo babethanda imali.
Luka 16:15 . Wathi kubo, Nizimisa phambi kwabantu ningamalungisa, kodwa uThixo uyazazi iintliziyo zenu; kuba oko kuphakamileyo phakathi kwabantu kulisikizi emehlweni kaThixo.
“nizenza amalungisa.” Yile ndlela kanye aqonda ngayo ubutyebi uKristu acinga ngayo, yaye kubonakala ngathi uthi kubo: “Ewe, emthethweni kukho idinga lemivuzo yasemhlabeni, ngokukodwa ubutyebi bokuphila ngendlela yobulungisa. Kambe ke aninako ukubujonga ubutyebi benu njengomvuzo ovela kuThixo ngenxa yobulungisa benu. Ubulungisa bakho buyintelekelelo. Nokuba ungade uzifumanele imbeko ebantwini ngobulungisa bakho obuhanahanisayo, akusayi kuphawulwa nguThixo, Oyibonayo imeko yokwenene yentliziyo yakho. Kwaye le meko yoyikeka kakhulu. “
Luka 16:16 . Yayingumthetho nabaprofeti kwada kwakuYohane; kuselokoko ubukumkani bukaThixo buyashunyayelwa, bonke bezama ukungena kubo.
Ezi ndinyana zintathu (16 – 18) ziqulathe amazwi asele ecacisiwe kwinkcazelo yeVangeli kaMateyu ( funda Mat. 11:12 – 14, 5:18, 32 ). Apha banentsingiselo yentshayelelo yalo mzekeliso ulandelayo wendoda esisityebi nehlwempu uLazaro. Ngabo, iNkosi iqinisekisa ukubaluleka okukhulu komthetho nabaprofeti (abaya kukhankanywa nabo kulo mzekeliso), abalungiselela amaYuda ukuba amkele ubukumkani bukaMesiya, umvakalisi wakhe onguYohane uMbhaptizi. Ngombulelo kubo, ukulangazelela uBukumkani bukaThixo obutyhiliweyo kuyavuka ebantwini.
Luka 16:17 . Ke kulula ukuba lidlule izulu nomhlaba, kunokuba kuwe nalinye isuntswana lomthetho.
“Umhlathi omnye woMthetho”. Umthetho awufanele ulahlekelwe zizo naziphi na iinkalo zawo, yaye njengomzekelo wokuthethelelwa kwalo mthetho uKristu ubonisa ukuba wayewuqonda ngokungqongqo umthetho woqhawulo-mtshato kunokuba wawutolikwa kwisikolo sabaFarisi.
Luka 16:18 . Othe wamala umfazi wakhe, wazeka omnye, uyakrexeza; nalowo uzeka umfazi owaliweyo, uyakrexeza.
B. Weiss unika ingcaciso ethile yesi sivakalisi kule vesi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, uMvangeli uLuka uyayiqonda le ngxelo ngokufuziselayo, ebonisa unxulumano phakathi komthetho nolungelelwaniso olutsha loBukumkani bukaThixo (cf. Roma 7:1-3). Lowo uthi, ngenxa yezi zinto zimbi, azilahle ezokuqala, enze kwaeso sono sokukrexeza phambi koThixo, njengalowo uthe, akuba uThixo emkhululile umntu ekuthobeleni umthetho ngokuvakaliswa kweendaba ezilungileyo, usenqwenela ukuqhubela phambili awakhe angaphambili. ubudlelwane nomthetho. Omnye wona ngenxa yokungaguquki komthetho ( ivesi 17 ), waza omnye wona ngokungafuni ukuba nenxaxheba ekusukeleni abantu ubomi obutsha bobabalo ( ivesi 16 ).
Luka 16:19 . Ke bekukho umntu othile osisityebi, obevatha ezibomvu nezelinen ecikizekileyo, esenza imihlali yokuzuka kwakhe imihla yonke.
Kulo mzekeliso ulandelayo wesityebi uLazaro kunye nehlwempu uLazaro, iNkosi ibonisa iziphumo ezimbi zokusetyenziswa kakubi kobutyebi (bona ivesi 14). Lo mzekeliso awubhekiseli ngokuthe ngqo kubaFarisi, kuba babengenakufaniswa nesityebi esasingalukhathaleli usindiso lwaso, kodwa nxamnye nembono yabo yobutyebi njengento engenabungozi ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi wosindiso, kwananjengobungqina bobulungisa bomntu. , yekabani. INkosi ibonisa ukuba ubutyebi abubobungqina bobulungisa konke konke, kwaye busoloko busenza owona monakalo mkhulu kumnini wabo, buze bumphose enzonzobileni yesihogo emva kokufa.
"marigold". Lilaphu elifibrous, loboya obudaywe ngedayi emfusa yexabiso eliphezulu esetyenziselwa iimpahla zangaphandle (ezibomvu ngombala).
"Vison". Lilaphu elihle elimhlophe elenziwe kumqhaphu (ngoko ke lingabi yilinen) kwaye lisetyenziselwa ukwenza impahla yangaphantsi.
“Yonke imihla wayesitya kamnandi”. Ngokusuka koku kucacile ukuba isityebi sasingenamdla kwimicimbi yoluntu kunye neemfuno zabanye abantu, okanye kusindiso lomphefumlo waso. Wayengengomntu onogonyamelo, umcinezeli wamahlwempu, engazange enze naluphi na olunye ulwaphulo-mthetho, kodwa esi sidlo singayekiyo singakhathali yayisisono esikhulu phambi koThixo.
Luka 16:20 . Ke kwakukho nehlwempu eligama linguLazaro, elalilele ngasesangweni lakhe
“ULazaro” ligama elifutshane elisuka kuElazare, – uncedo lukaThixo. Sisenokuvumelana nabathile abatolika ukuba igama laloo mngqibi lalikhankanywa nguKristu ukuze abonise ukuba le ndoda ilihlwempu yayinethemba loncedo lukaThixo kuphela.
"lala phantsi" - ἐβέβλέτο - yakhutshelwa ngaphandle, kungekhona njengoko kwinguqulelo yethu "yalala". Ihlwempu lakhutshelwa phandle ngabantu esangweni lesityebi.
“umnyango wakhe” ( πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα) - kumnyango owawuphuma entendelezweni ukuya endlwini ( funda Mat. 26:71 ).
Luka 16:21 . Kwaba ziintsuku ezintlanu besidla kwiimvuthuluka eziwa etafileni yesityebi eso, zeza izinja, zalukhotha ukhwekhwe lwaso.
“iimvuthuluka eziwa etafileni”. Kwizixeko zasempuma kwakuqhelekile ukuphosa konke okuseleyo kokutya ngqo kwisitrato, apho zadliwa yizinja ezijikeleza izitrato. Kwimeko yangoku, uLazaro ogulayo kwafuneka abelane ngezi zinja nezinja. Izinja, izilwanyana ezingcolileyo, ezingcolileyo ngokwembono yamaYuda, zazikhotha ukhoko lwakhe—zamphatha umntu oneshwa elingenako ukuzigxotha njengomnye wohlobo lwakhe. Akukho kwanto bazisola ngayo apha.
Luka 16:22 . Lafa ke ihlwempu, zaza izithunywa zayisa esifubeni sika-Abraham; Safa ke nesityebi, basingcwaba;
“wathwalwa ziiNgelosi”. Ibhekisela kumphefumlo womngqibi, owathwalwa zizithunywa zezulu, ezathi, ngokukhawula kwamaYuda, zithwalela imiphefumlo yamalungisa ezulwini.
"Isifuba sika-Abraham". Ligama lesiHebhere elithetha uyolo lwasezulwini lwamalungisa. Amalungisa asala emva kokufa kwawo kowona mthendeleko usondeleyo kunye nosolusapho uAbraham, ebeka iintloko zawo esifubeni sakhe. Noko ke, isifuba sika-Abraham asifani neparadesi – sithetha nje, sisikhundla esinyuliweyo nesingcono, esasihleli eparadesi ngumngqibi uLazaro, owafumana apha indawo yokusabela ezolileyo ezingalweni zikakhokho wakhe (umfanekiso apha. ayithatyathwe kwisidlo sangokuhlwa okanye etafileni, ngokomzekelo, ekuthethwa ngayo kuMat 8:11 nakuLuka 13:29-30 , nakwisiko labazali lokufudumeza abantwana babo ezingalweni zabo; .
Kambe ke, izulu aliqondwa apha ngengqiqo yobukumkani bozuko (njengaku-2 Kor. 12:2 ff.), kodwa kuphela njengokuchaza imeko yolonwabo yamalungisa athe abushiya ubomi basemhlabeni. Le meko yeyexeshana kwaye amalungisa aya kuhlala kuyo de kube kukufika kwesibini kukaKristu.
Luka 16:23 . yaye esihogweni, xa wayekwintuthumbo, wawaphakamisa amehlo akhe, wambona uAbraham ekude, noLazaro esesifubeni sakhe.
“esihogweni”. Igama lesiHebhere elithi “iShiyol,” apha eliguqulelwe ngokuthi “isihogo,” njengakwi<em>Septuagint, libonisa indawo ehlala imiphefumlo engasekhoyo de kube luvuko, yaye lahlulwe laba lizulu labahlonela uThixo ( Luka 23:43 ) nesihogo kwabangendawo. Ngaphezu koko, iTalmud ithi izulu nesihogo zilungelelaniswe ngendlela yokuba kwindawo ethile umntu akwazi ukubona oko kwenziwa kwenye. Kodwa akuyomfuneko ukufumana naziphi na iingcamango ezibambekayo malunga nobomi basemva kokufa kule ncoko ilandelayo phakathi kwesityebi no-Abraham, kuba ngokungathandabuzekiyo kule nxalenye yomzekeliso phambi kwethu kukho umboniso ongobumbongo wengcinga eyaziwayo efana neka-Abraham. ukuba yeyiphi intlanganiso, umzekelo, kwi-3 Sam. 22 , apho umprofeti uMikaya achaza isityhilelo esiphathelele isiphelo somkhosi ka-Ahabhi esatyhilwa kuye. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba sikuthabathe ngokoqobo oko sikuthethayo isityebi ngonxano lwaso? Kaloku, akanamzimba esihogweni.
“Wabona uAbraham ekude, noLazaro esesifubeni sakhe.” Kambe ke, oku kongezelela kwintlungu yakhe, kuba wayecatshukiswa gqitha kukubona umngqibi ocekisekayo esonwabela ubuhlobo obunjalo nosolusapho.
Luka 16:24 . sadanduluka sisithi, Bawo, Abraham, ndenzele inceba, uthume uLazaro, ukuba aye kumanzisa incam yomnwe wakhe emanzini, aphozise ulwimi lwam, ngokuba ndiyathuthunjelwa kweli langatye.
Ebona uLazaro esifubeni sika-Abraham, isityebi esibandezelekileyo sacela uAbraham ukuba athumele uLazaro ukuba amncede ngethontsi lamanzi.
Luka 16:25 . Wathi uAbraham, Mntwana wam, khumbula ukuba wena wazifincelela ebomini bakho okulungileyo, noLazaro ububi; ngoku ke yena uyathuthuzelwa, wena ke uyathuthunjelwa;
"umhle wakho". Noko ke, uAbraham, ngokuchulumancisayo ebiza isityebi ngokuthi “ngumntwana” wakhe, uyala ukuzalisekisa isicelo sakhe: sele efumene okwaneleyo koko wayekugqala kukuhle (“ukulunga kwakhe”), ngoxa uLazaro wayebona ububi kuphela ebomini bakhe (apha akukho simelabizo esithi. yongeza "yakhe", ebonisa ukuba ukubandezeleka akuyonto iyimfuneko yendoda elilungisa).
Ukususela kwinkcaso kaLazaro ukuya kutsho kwindoda esisityebi, ngokungathandabuzekiyo eyayibekek’ ityala ngeshwangusha layo ngenxa yokuba yayiphila ngobungendawo, kucacile ukuba uLazaro wayeyindoda ehlonel’ uThixo.
Luka 16:26 . kanti ke kukho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwethu nani, ngokokude bathi aba bathanda ukuphumela, besuka apha, besiya kuni, bangabi nako ukuwela nalapho, besiza kuthi.
"Ubona umsantsa omkhulu". U-Abraham walatha intando kaThixo yokuba umntu angadluleli ezulwini aye esihogweni. Ngokufuziselayo le ngcamango, uAbraham uthi phakathi kweGehena neParadesi kukho umsantsa omkhulu (ngokwembono yoorabhi, yi-intshi enye kuphela), ukuze uLazaro, ukuba wayefuna ukuya kwisityebi, angakwazi ukwenjenjalo.
"ukuba abanako". Ngokusuka kule mpendulo ka-Abraham, sinokugqiba ngobuxoki bemfundiso yokusebenzelana nemimoya, evumayo ukubakho kwemibono yabafileyo enokwenzeka, ekucingelwa ukuba unokweyisela umntu ngenyaniso ethile ephakamileyo: sineCawa Engcwele njengomkhokeli wethu ebomini yaye musa ukufuna ezinye iindlela.
Luka 16:27 . Wathi, Ndiyakucela ke, bawo, umthume endlwini kabawo;
Luka 16:28 . kuba ndinabazalwana abahlanu, ukuze ndiqononondise kubo, ukuze bangezi nabo kule ndawo yentuthumbo.
“ukuba ndingqine kubo”, oko kukuthi, ukubaxelela indlela endibandezeleka ngayo kuba ndandingafuni ukutshintsha ubomi bam bokungakhathali.
Luka 16:29 . Wathi uAbraham kuye, BanoMoses nabaprofeti; mabeve bona.
Apha kuxelwa ukuba inye kuphela indlela yokusinda kwisiphelo sesityebi esitshona esihogweni, kwaye leyo yinguquko, ukuguquka kobuvila, ubomi obuzaliswe ziziyolo, nokuba umthetho kunye nabaprofeti bayindlela eboniswayo. bonke abafuna uqeqesho . Kwanovuko lwabafileyo alunakwenza nto ilungileyo kwabo baphila ubomi bokungakhathali njengobu buxhakaxhaka bemfundo obusoloko bukho.
Luka 16:30 . Sithe ke sona, Hayi, bawo Abraham; ukuba kuthe kwaya kubo owabafileyo, boguquka.
Luka 16:31 . Wathi ke uAbraham kuye, Ukuba uMoses ungumprofeti, ukuba abeva, nokuba kuthe kwavuka bani kwabafileyo, abayi koyiseka.
"abasayi kuqiniseka". Xa umvangeli wayebhala oku, ingcamango yokungakholwa awathi amaYuda ahlangana ngayo novuko lukaLazaro ( Yohane 12:10 ) nokuvuka kukaKristu ngokwaKhe isenokuba yathi yavela engqondweni yakhe. Ngaphandle koko, uKristu nabapostile babesele bevusile abafileyo, yaye ngaba oku kwasebenza kubaFarisi abangakholwayo? Bazama ukucacisa le mimangaliso ngezizathu ezithile zemvelo okanye, njengoko kwenzeka ngokwenene, ngoncedo lwamandla athile amnyama.
Abanye abatoliki, ukongezelela kwintsingiselo ethe ngqo ekhankanywe ngasentla, babona kulo mzekeliso intsingiselo yokomfuziselo nengokwesiprofeto. Ngokutsho kwabo, isityebi, kunye nayo yonke indlela yokuziphatha kunye nesiphelo, sibonakalisa ubuYuda, obuhlala ngokungakhathali ngethemba lamalungelo abo eBukumkanini bamaZulwini, emva koko, ekufikeni kukaKristu, ngequbuliso wazifumana ngaphandle komgubasi lowo. UBukumkani, nomngqibi umele ubuhedeni, obabukwahlukanisiwe noluntu lwamaSirayeli kwaye behlala ebuhlwempu basemoyeni, emva koko bamkelwa ngesiquphe esifubeni seBandla likaKristu.
Umthombo ngesiRashiya: IBhayibhile Echazayo, okanye Amagqabaza azo zonke iincwadi zeZibhalo Ezingcwele zeTestamente eNdala neNtsha: Kwimiqulu esi-7. Prof. AP Lopukhin. –Ed. 4th – Moscow: Dar, 2009. / T. 6: IiVangeli ezine. – 1232 iphe. / yeVangeli kaLuka. 735-959 iphe.
