NgoMvulo, iPalamente kunye neBhunga bafikelele kwisivumelwano sethutyana malunga nemithetho ehlaziyiweyo yokupakishwa okuzinzileyo, ukunciphisa, ukusebenzisa kwakhona kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukupakishwa, ukwandisa ukhuseleko kunye nokunyusa uqoqosho olusetyhula.
Amanyathelo amatsha ajolise ekwenzeni ukupakishwa kusetyenziswe kwi EU ikhuseleke ngakumbi kwaye igcineke ngakumbi, ngokufuna ukuba zonke iipakethe ziphinde zisetyenziswe, ukunciphisa ubukho bezinto ezinobungozi, ukunciphisa ukupakishwa okungeyomfuneko, ukunyusa ukuthathwa komxholo ohlaziyiweyo kunye nokuphucula ukuqokelelwa kunye nokuhlaziywa.
Ukupakishwa okuncinci kunye nokunciphisa iifomathi zokupakisha ezithile
Isivumelwano sibeka iithagethi zokunciphisa ukupakisha (i-5% ngo-2030, i-10% ngo-2035 kunye ne-15% ngo-2040) kwaye ifuna amazwe e-EU ukunciphisa, ngokukodwa, inani lenkunkuma yokupakisha iplastiki.
Ngokwesivumelwano, ezinye iifomathi zokupakisha zeplastiki, ezinje ngokupakishwa kweziqhamo ezitsha kunye nemifuno engalungiswanga, ukupakishwa kokutya kunye neziselo ezizaliswe kwaye zidliwe kwiivenkile zokutyela kunye neeresityu, iinxalenye zomntu ngamnye (umzekelo, iisosi, i-creamer, iswekile), indawo yokuhlala. ukupakishwa okuncinci kweemveliso zangasese kunye ne-shrink-wrap yeesutikheyisi kwizikhululo zeenqwelomoya, ziya kuvalwa ukusuka ngomhla woku-1 kuJanuwari wama-2030.
I-MEPs nayo yaqinisekisa ukuvalwa kweengxowa zokuthwala iplastiki ezikhaphukhaphu kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-microns ezili-15), ngaphandle kokuba zifunwa ngenxa yezizathu zococeko okanye zibonelelwa njengento ephambili yokupakishwa kokutya okuxekethileyo ukunceda ukuthintela inkcitho yokutya.
Ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali "ngonaphakade"
Ukuthintela iziphumo ezibi zempilo, iPalamente yaqinisekisa ukungeniswa kokuvalwa kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba “ziikhemikhali zanaphakade” (per- kunye ne-polyfluorinated alkyl substances okanye iiPFASs) ekupakishweni kokutya.
Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye nokhetho lokuzalisa kwakhona kubathengi
Abathethi-thethwano bavumile ukumisela into ekujoliswe kuyo ekupakishweni okuphinda kusetyenziswe kwiziselo ezinxilisayo nezingezizo utywala (ngaphandle komz. ubisi, iwayini, iwayini enuka kamnandi, isipirithi) ngowama-2030 (ubuncinane be-10%). Amazwe angamalungu anganika ithuba leminyaka emihlanu lokunxaxha kwezi mfuno phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Abasasazi bokugqibela beziselo kunye nokutya okuthathwayo kwicandelo lenkonzo yokutya kuya kunyanzeleka ukuba banike abathengi ithuba lokuza nezikhongozeli zabo. Kuya kufuneka ukuba bazame ukubonelela nge-10% yeemveliso kwifomathi yokupakisha enokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngo-2030.
Ukongeza, ngokwesicelo sePalamente, amazwe angamalungu kufuneka akhuthaze iindawo zokutyela, iikhentini, iibhari, iikhefi kunye neenkonzo zokutya ukuze zinike amanzi aphuma empompeni, (apho ekhona, simahla okanye ngenkonzo ephantsi yomrhumo) ngendlela enokuphinda isetyenziswe okanye igalelwe ngokutsha.
Ukupakishwa okunokurisayikilishwa, ukuqokelelwa ngcono kwenkunkuma kunye nokurisayikilisha
Abathethi-thethwano bavumile ukuba zonke ukupakishwa kufuneka ziphinde zisetyenziswe, zizalisekisa iindlela ezingqongqo eziza kuchazwa ngomthetho wesibini. Ukukhululwa okuthile kubonwa kwangaphambili ngamaplanga alula, isikhonkwane, impahla elukiweyo, irabha, i-ceramic, iporcelain okanye iwax.
Eminye imilinganiselo ekuvunyelwene ngayo ibandakanya:
- ubuncinane bomxholo osetyenzisiweyo ekujoliswe kuwo kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yeplastiki yokupakishwa;
– ubuncinci obujoliswe kuko bokurisayikilisha ngokobunzima benkunkuma yokupakishwa eyenziweyo kunye neemfuneko ezandisiweyo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe;
- I-90% yeplastiki esetyenziselwa enye kunye nezitya zesiselo sesinyithi (ukuya kuthi ga kwiilitha ezintathu) ziqokelelwe ngokwahlukeneyo ngo-2029 (iinkqubo zokubuyisela idiphozithi).
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Intatheli UFrédérique Ries (Hlaziya, BE) yathi: “Okokuqala ngqa kumthetho wendalo esingqongileyo, i-EU ibeka usukelo lokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kokupakisha, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kusetyenziswa yiphi na into. Sihlaba ikhwelo kuwo onke amacandelo oshishino, amazwe e-EU kunye nabathengi ukuba badlale indima yabo ekulweni nokupakishwa okugqithisileyo. Ukuvalwa kweekhemikhali ngonaphakade kwipakethe yokutya luloyiso olukhulu kwimpilo yabathengi baseYurophu. Kwakuyimfuneko kwakhona ukuba amabhongo okusingqongileyo ahlangabezane nenyaniso yoshishino. Isivumelwano sikhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwaye sibandakanya ukukhululwa kumashishini amancinci. "
Amanyathelo alandelayo
IPalamente kunye neBhunga kufuneka basivume ngokusesikweni isivumelwano phambi kokuba siqalise ukusebenza.
imvelaphi
Ngo-2018, ukupakishwa kwenze ingeniso ye-EUR 355 yebhiliyoni kwi EU. Yiyo umthombo wenkunkuma osoloko usanda, I-EU iyonke inyuke ukusuka kwi-66 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2009 ukuya kwi-84 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021. Umntu ngamnye waseYurophu uvelise i-188.7 kg yenkunkuma yokupakisha ngo-2021, inani ekulindeleke ukuba linyuke ukuya kuma-209 kg ngo-2030 ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo eyongezelelweyo.
