Ngemuva kwenhlekelele yezimali emhlabeni wonke ngo-2008, cishe amazwe ayishumi aseYurophu afaka okuthiwa "ama-visa egolide" abokufika abatshala imali ezweni, ukuthenga izindlu, ukusebenza futhi bangafaka isicelo sokuba yisakhamuzi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Ngemva kokwethulwa kwe-European Union, izidingo ezincane zokutshala izimali ziyasebenza: ubuncane bokutshala izimali buqala kuma-Euro angu-50,000 e-Latvia, kanye nama-Euro ayizigidi ezingu-1.2 eNetherlands. Abatshalizimali ngokuvamile bangahlala futhi basebenze ezweni kusukela eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu bese bevunyelwa ukufaka isicelo sokuba yisakhamuzi, kubhala iBloomberg.
Nokho, imikhondo isiqala ukuza. Ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule, ngokumelene nesizinda sokunganeliseki okuqhubekayo ngokukhula kwamanani ezindlu ePortugal, uhulumeni wathi uzophinda lolu hlelo ngokushesha nje lapho i-nt ibusa futhi yamukela umthetho ohlongozwayo - mhlawumbe emasontweni ambalwa alandelayo.
Sekuyisikhathi eside i-EU icindezela amazwe anezinhlelo ezinjalo ukuze agweme imali ye-visa yegolide, ngoba "iphikisana nentando yeningi" futhi ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuthola imali engcolile yokungena esifundeni.
Abantu baseYurophu sebephinde bazinza kwezomnotho futhi sebekulungele ukubhekana nenqubomgomo yezangaphandle eqinile. efudumele. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwaba e-Iceland ngoFebhuwari 15. I-Greece imemezele inhloso yayo yokuphinda kabili umgomo wayo wokutshala izimali kuma-Euro angu-500,000 ezindaweni eziningana ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise ne-Athens. Ngemva kwezinhlelo zePortugal kanye Spain eduze, abeluleki bokufika babikezela ukuthi kuzoba nesidingo esikhulu eGreece naseSpain.
Cishe azikho izibalo ezifanayo zase-Europe, kodwa eminye imininingwane iphakamisa ukuthi iningi labantu abasebenzisa lezi zinhlelo basuka e-China. E-Iceland, enikeza ilungelo lokuhlala ngokushintshanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwama-Euro angu-500,000 kuzakhamuzi ezinengcebo yomuntu siqu okungenani yama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-2, izakhamuzi zaseShayina zimele ngaphezu kuka-90% yenani eliphelele lezicelo eziyi-1,727 ezitholwe ekupheleni kuka-2022. Ama-Invectitops asePortugal nawo abusa amaShayina - noma cishe ingxenye yama-visa egolide ayi-11,758 kusukela ngo-2012. E-Greece, isibalo sicishe sibe ngama-60% wama-visa ayi-12,818 kusukela ngo-2013 kuya phambili. Ngonyaka odlule, abantu abaningi base-Ukraine bafaka izicelo, futhi inani labantu baseMelika abafaka izicelo zama-visa liye landa eminyakeni yamuva.
Izinhlelo zithululele imali eningi ezimakethe zezakhiwo zaseYurophu: cishe ama-Euro ayizigidi ezi-3.5 ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2016 kuya ku-2019, ngokusho kwePhalamende laseYurophu. Ikakhulukazi ePortugal, baqhamuke nombono wokuthuthukisa isitokwe sezindlu ngokunciphisa uhlelo lokutshala izimali ezingeni elilodwa kwabazongenela ukhetho abahlala endlini edinga ukulungiswa.
Intengo yezindawo zokuhlala yehlile kusukela ngo-2015, ngokusho kwewebhusayithi ye-Idealista real estate. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule e-Athens, amanani ezindlu akhuphuke ngo-48%, ngokusho kwedatha esemthethweni. E-Dublin ikhule ngo-130% kusukela ngo-2012.
Ngamanye amazwi, inzalo ayizange ishintshe kangako. ESpain, lapho ubuzwe bungatholakala kuze kufike ku-500,000 Euros neminyaka eyi-10 yokuhlala, inama-visa egolide ayi-136 kuphela akhishwe yi-2022.
Naphezu kokunganeliseki okukhulu okwenzeka esikhathini eside, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, ama-visa egolide anethonya elibuthakathaka enanini lezakhiwo. E-Irland, bakhipha ama-visa angamakhulu ambalwa kuphela unyaka ngamunye, kanti kulindeleke ukuthi kube nezindlu zokuhlala ezingu-60,000 ngo-2022.
Izakhiwo ezithengwe ngohlelo e-Portugal zimele cishe u-0.3% wesamba semali engu-300,000 ethengiswe ngezindlu nezindlu phakathi nonyaka, ngokusho kwenkampani ethengisa izindlu.
Isithombe ngu-Porapak Apichodilok:
