Izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme zikhathazeke kakhulu ngombono omusha woMnyango wezeMfundo wezwe
Ngisho nangemva kokuphuma kweGreat Britain e-European Union, abantu abaningi ababebheke esiqhingini ukuze baqedele imfundo ephakeme ehlonishwayo, baphendulela amakhanda kwelinye izwe - iNetherlands.
Amanyuvesi aseDashi ajabulela idumela elihle kakhulu, futhi ahlinzeka ngenani elikhulu lezifundo ngolimi lwesiNgisi olwandayo lwamazwe ngamazwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngakho-ke, ngesinye isikhathi ukugeleza kwabafundi baseYurophu (hhayi kuphela) kwaphinde kwaqondiswa e-Amsterdam, Leiden, Utrecht, Tilburg, Eindhoven naseGöringen. Nokho, manje uhulumeni waseDutch ufuna ukukuqeda lokhu futhi unciphise kakhulu ukufundiswa kwesiNgisi emanyuvesi akuleli.
UNgqongqoshe wezeMfundo eNetherlands, uRobert Dijkgraaf, uhlela ukunciphisa amahora amanyuvesi afundisa ngezilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ethi lesi simo sithwalisa kanzima izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme kuleli nokungase kubangele ukwehla kwezinga lemfundo.
Ngonyaka ka-2022 kuphela, izwe lamukele abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe abangaphezu kuka-115,000, okusho cishe u-35% yenani eliphelele labo bonke abafundi abafunda ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme lapho. Ukuthambekela ukuthi isabelo sabo sikhule kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.
Isifiso seziphathimandla siwukunciphisa ukufundiswa kwezilimi zakwamanye amazwe ezweni kuze kube yi-1/3 yezifundo ezifundiswa emanyuvesi.
Lo mkhawulo uza ngemuva kokuthi ngoDisemba odlule uMnyango wezeMfundo ucele izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme ukuthi ziyeke ukuqasha abafundi bakwamanye amazwe. Ungqongqoshe ugqugquzele lesi sinqumo ngokuthi ukwenziwa kwemfundo yamaDashi emazweni ngamazwe kuholela ekugcwaleni kothisha kanye nokuntuleka kwezindawo zokuhlala zabafundi.
Okwamanje, alukabikho uhlelo olucacile lokuthi izinguquko ezintsha zizokwenzeka kanjani ngokufundiswa kolunye ulimi, futhi ngokusho kokhulumela uMnyango wezokuSebenza, umbono kuleli cala awuqondiswe kakhulu kubafundi bangaphandle njengoba ihlose ukunciphisa imiphumela engemihle eqophelweni lemfundo ehlinzekwayo.
“Ukukhula kwamanje kuzoholela ekutheni kugcwale amahholo okufundisa, othisha bathwale kanzima, bangabi bikho indawo yokuhlala yabafundi kanye nokuncipha kokutholakala kwezifundo,” kusho uMnyango esitatimendeni esithunyelwe yi-Euronews.
I-Netherlands ibilokhu idume ngezikhungo zayo zemfundo ephakeme ezinhle, eziheha abafundi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ngakho-ke, banombono wokuthi ukuncishiswa kwezifundo ngesiNgisi kuzosiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi ohlelweni, ukuze isikhundla esihamba phambili samazwe ngamazwe samanyuvesi aseDutch singasongelwa.
UNgqongqoshe u-Dijkgraaf, ngakolunye uhlangothi, okwamanje ubheja ngokuncishiswa okukhulu kwezilimi zakwamanye amazwe ngezindleko zokugqugquzela izinhlelo zolimi lwesiDashi.
Omunye umqondo uwukusika izinhlelo zolimi lwesiNgisi ngokuphelele ukuze ushiye okwengeziwe ngolimi lwendawo. Okunye ukuthi ezinye izifundo kuphela ezisala ngesiNgisi, hhayi izinhlelo zonke.
Kuzo zombili izinketho, kuyenzeka ukwenza okuhlukile kwezinye izinto ezikhethekile lapho kunesidingo esibalulekile sokuheha abasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baphawula ukuthi izinhlelo ezintsha zikaDijkgraaf ziphikisana nayo yonke ifilosofi yemfundo ephakeme yaseDutch eminyakeni yamuva.
NgokukaNuffic, inhlangano yamaDashi yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe kwezemfundo, eNetherlands inani elingama-28% lama-bachelor kanye nama-77% ezinhlelo ze-master afundiswa ngesiNgisi ngokuphelele.
Lezi zibalo zikhombisa ukuthi akumangazi ukuthi amanyuvesi axabene njengamanje. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokuphelele nge-Eindhoven University of Technology, efundisa zonke izinhlelo zayo ze-undergraduate kanye neziqu ngesiNgisi.
“Kunokushuba okukhulu mayelana nokuthi lezi zinyathelo ezintsha zizohlanganisa ini ngokuningiliziwe. Kithina lokhu kuyinkinga ngoba ezifundweni ezithile ezifana ne-artificial intelligence noma ezobunjiniyela kagesi asibatholi osolwazi abanele abangafundisa ngesiDashi,” kuchaza uRobert -Jan Smits ovela kwaGraduate School Management.
Ngokusho kwakhe, iNetherlands ibilokhu inedumela lokuba yizwe elivulekile, elibekezelayo nelikhululekile, futhi yonke impumelelo yalo ngokomlando isekelwe kulezi zimiso.
Inyuvesi yase-Eindhoven akuyona yodwa ephakamisa izwi ngokumelene nesiphakamiso sokunciphisa ulimi lwesiNgisi emanyuvesi.
“Lo mgomo uzolimaza kakhulu umnotho waseDutch. Kuzoba nomthelela omubi ekusungulweni nasekukhuleni. AmaDashi abelokhu egcizelela ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukulondoloza 'umnotho wolwazi', kodwa manje ngiyabona ukuthi lokhu kusengozini njengoba ithalenta lingasishiya,” kuchaza UProfesa Ohlangene Wezomnotho uDavid Schindler waseTilburg University.
“Akungatshazwa ukuthi abafundi bakwamanye amazwe bakhokha imali engaphezulu kwaleyo abayifanele. Bakha ingxenye enkulu yabo bonke abafundi futhi bagcina iminyango yamanyuvesi amaningi ivulekile. Ngaphandle kwabo, yonke imikhakha izoncipha kakhulu futhi ingase iwe uma lolu xhaso lunyamalala ”, uyanezela.
Ngokocwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwa yi-Dutch Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, abafundi bakwamanye amazwe banikela ngama-euro angu-17,000 emnothweni wase-Dutch kumfundi ovela e-European Union futhi kufika ku-€96,300 kubafundi abangewona amalungu e-EU.
UMnyango Wezemfundo nawo awufuni ukulahlekelwa yibo bonke abafundi bangaphandle - ngokuphambene nalokho. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwabo, kubalulekile ukugqugquzela laba bafundi ukuthi bafunde ulimi lwesiDashi ukuze bakwazi ukuzibona kangcono emakethe yezemisebenzi.
NgokukaSmits wase-Eindhoven University of Technology, lokhu akuyona into enjalo ngempela. Ngokusho kwakhe, i-65% yabathweswe iziqu esikhungweni semfundo ihlala eNetherlands, nakuba izinhlelo zasenyuvesi zingesiNgisi kuphela.
Unombono wokuthi izinguquko empeleni zizoba nomphumela ophambene - abafundi ngeke besabheka iNetherlands njengenketho yemfundo yabo ephakeme.
USmits ubona izinguquko zezepolitiki esinqumweni sokunqamula izifundo zesiNgisi.
“Kunenkulumompikiswano enkulu ephalamende mayelana nokutheleka kwabantu bokufika. Kukhona inhlangano yobuzwe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Izinkulumo-mpikiswano seziqala ukwenzeka ngisho nasohlelweni lwezemfundo. Amaqembu angosaziwayo aseqalile ukubuza ukuthi kungani sizoxhasa ngezimali imfundo yabantu bakwamanye amazwe, kungcono sisebenzisele abantu bakithi leyo mali,” usho kanje.
Kuye, lena inkinga enkulu - le nkulumo yobuzwe eyeqisayo isiba umkhuba othinta ngisho nohlelo lwezemfundo.
Isithombe nge-BBFotoj: https://www.pexels.com/photo/grayscale-photo-of-concrete-buildings-near-the-river-12297499/
