Ilandelela uhambo lwebhola lomnqakiswano ukusuka kweyaseMelika ukuya endaweni yokuzilibazisa yase-Europe ethandwayo, lesi sihloko silandisa ukuthi ezemidlalo zalithatha kanjani izwekazi ngokushesha. Kusukela kwimvelaphi engenzeki ku-Springfield YMCA kuya kwesabisayo namuhla, khumbula umlando ohlaba umxhwele we-basketball e-Europe ngezimpi, izingxabano zezombusazwe, kanye nenguquko yamasiko. Hlanganyela nathi njengoba silandisa ukuthi i-basketball yanqoba kanjani izinhliziyo zase-Europe, yabhebhethekisa amaphupho okuvelela, futhi yaba ngeyayo ngokoqobo kwamanye amazwe. Indaba eshuthe isikhathi eside yokuthi ukuzijabulisa kwaseMelika okwenyukele kanjani endaweni ephakeme enesiyezi ngaphesheya kwe-Atlantic kuzokushiya ujabulela okwengeziwe.
I-Basketball, umdlalo we-American quintessentially, udle i-Europe ngamandla emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Kusukela esiqalweni esiphansi kuya ekudumeni okukhulu ezwenikazi lonke namuhla, uhambo lwe-basketball e-Europe lwembula indaba ethokozisayo yokushintshisana ngamasiko.
Ngokungafani ne-baseball noma ibhola lezinyawo laseMelika, ibhola lomnqakiswano aliphazanyiswanga yimithetho eyinkimbinkimbi noma imishini ekhethekile. Lokhu kwavumela umdlalo ukuthi uthole ukwamukelwa ngokushesha lapho wethulwa eYurophu ekuqaleni kwawo-1900. Izidingo ezilula zebhola kanye nobhasikidi zenze ukuthi i-basketball ikhule ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi entsheni.
Iziqalo
I-Basketball yasungulwa ngo-1891 e-Springfield, Massachusetts nguprofesa waseCanada uJames Naismith. Njengomfundisi e-YMCA Training School, uNaismith wayenikezwe umsebenzi wokuklama umdlalo wasendlini ukuze agcine abafundi bematasa ebusika obubandayo baseNew England. Isixazululo sakhe sasihilela ukubethela obhasikidi ababili bamapentshisi ezindaweni ezihlukene zesikhungo sokuzivocavoca nokujikijela ibhola kubo.
Lesi siqalo esinesizotha siveze omunye wemidlalo ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Kulandela ukwamukelwa kwe-basketball cishe ngokushesha ngamakolishi, i-American Armed Forces yasakaza lo mdlalo emhlabeni wonke phakathi neMpi Yezwe I-IUS amasosha aletha i-basketball eYurophu, kwavusa isithakazelo kulo lonke izwekazi.
Ukukhula Kokuqala
Phakathi nenkathi yezimpi, i-basketball yazuza amandla, ikakhulukazi empumalanga naseningizimu yeYurophu lapho ithonya laseFrance nelaseMelika lalinamandla ngenxa yokuba khona kwezempi. Amazwe afana ne-Italy, Yugoslavia, nePoland avela njengabafundi bokuqala.
Imiqhudelwano yokuqala yezwekazi yenziwa ngo-1935 kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. ISwitzerland isingathe umqhudelwano wabesilisa wase-Europe kanti i-Italy ibambe umcimbi wokuqala wabesifazane. ILithuania ithathe igolide emqhudelwaneni wabesilisa, kwathi i-Italy engosokhaya yawina ubakaki wabesifazane. Lokhu kumemezele ukuqala komqhudelwano wamazwe ngamazwe.
Kuvela Izithiyo
Ukugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe II kwamisa ukukhula kwe-basketball eYurophu. Amaligi asongwa futhi imishini yaba yindlala. Enkathini yangemva kwempi, imibuso yamaKhomanisi eMpumalanga Yurophu yayibheka ibhola lebhola lomnqakiswano njengento engahambelani nezimiso zezenhlalakahle. Bakhuthaze ezemidlalo okucatshangwa ukuthi zidinga ukubambisana okukhulu njenge-volleyball nebhola likanobhutshuzwayo esikhundleni salokho.
Amazwe alawulwa yiSoviet Union njengeCzechoslovakia neHungary kwadingeka adlale ngokucashile kuze kube ngawo-1970. Noma kunjalo, abalandeli abanogqozi bagcina i-basketball iphila ngisho nangezikhathi ezinzima. Lo mdlalo wagcina uphumelele njengoba imibuso yamaKhomanisi ikhululeka.
Ukuvuselela Nokukhula
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 i-basketball yaphinde yaqina, njengoba kwafakazelwa ukusungulwa kwe-International Basketball Federation (FIBA) e-Geneva ngo-1946. Ngokwakhela phezu kwamandla avuselelwe, umqhudelwano wokuqala we-Olympic basketball wabanjwa ngo-1936 kwangena amazwe angu-23.
I-FIBA World Championship yokuqala yenzeka ngo-1950 e-Argentina. Abathole izindondo zegolide i-Argentina ikhombise ukukhula okukhulayo kwebhola lomnqakiswano. Indondo yethusi yeSoviet Union yayifanekisela ukubusa kwabo kwesikhathi esizayo.
Ukufika kwe-European Champions Cup, manje eyaziwa nge-EuroLeague, ngo-1958 kwaphawula enye ingqophamlando. Amaqembu amakilabhu avela kulo lonke elaseYurophu aqhudelana kuligi entsha yezwekazi. IReal Madrid yaphuma phambili ngesizini yokuqala.
Ngokushesha kwasungulwa amaligi ochwepheshe, aqala nge-Italy ngo-1920. Kwalandela amaligi eFrance naseSpain. Umdlandla we-basketball wawushanela izwekazi futhi.
Ukunyuka kwe-Eastern Europe
Kusukela ngawo-1960 kuya ngawo-1980, iSoviet Union kanye neYugoslavia baba amandla omhlaba. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ithalente zabaqhubela phambili.
AmaSoviet athumba amagolide amathathu aqondile e-Olympics kusukela ngo-1988 kuya ku-1980 ngamaqembu anamandla. I-Yugoslavia iphinde yathola indondo ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuhlanganisa abadlali abavela kuma-republic ahlukahlukene. Impumelelo yabo yabeka i-Europe emqhudelwaneni oqondile ne-US
Womabili la mazwe anqobe izindebe zomhlaba eziningi ngalesi sikhathi. Ithalente laseYurophu laliqhakaza futhi liqashelwa emhlabeni wonke. Abadlali abafana noDrazen Petrovic waseCroatia no-Arvydas Sabonis waseLithuania bangene kuNBA, bevulela abanye indlela.
Iyaqhubeka Ukuhwebelana Kwezwe
Ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwe-basketball kwakhula ngesivinini. Izihlabani eziningi zase-Europe ezifana no-Tony Parker no-Dirk Nowitzki bajoyine i-NBA. Imikhawulo yabadlali bangaphandle ixegisiwe, kwavumela ukufuduka okukhulu.
I-NBA iphinde yazibophezela ekwandiseni ukuduma kwayo phesheya kwezilwandle. Imibukiso nemidlalo yesizini evamile inikezwe indlebe e-Europe. Izivumelwano zokuthengisa nezokusakaza zilethe i-basketball yaseMelika kubalandeli base-Europe.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-EuroLeague yakhula yaba iligi yamakilabhu yamazwe omhlaba ephambili emhlabeni. Amakilabhu aphezulu avela kulo lonke elaseYurophu aqhudelana minyaka yonke ukuze athole ubuqhawe. Izabelomali zekilabhu namaholo manje sekuyizimbangi zamaqembu e-NBA.
I-Basketball fever iyaqhubeka nokusabalala kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ukubamba iqhaza kwentsha kwenyuke kakhulu. I-NBA Europe manje isiqhuba amakamu nemiqhudelwano yabazoba khona ezwenikazi lonke. Ukuthuthuka kwezemidlalo kusalokhu kushubile.
Enduring Passion
Esikhathini esingaphezudlwana nje kwekhulu leminyaka, i-basketball ivele ngokumangazayo isuka kweyaseMelika yaya esikhungweni esithandwayo saseYurophu. Uthando lwaleli zwekazi lufakazelwa yizinkumbi zabantu abadayisayo, umbango wamaqembu ashubile, nabalandeli abazinikele.
I-Europe yamukele i-basketball ngemibandela yayo ngenkathi yenza iminikelo ehlukile ekuziphendukeleni komdlalo emhlabeni jikelele. Ukusuka eLithuania kuya eGreece, amazwe ase-Europe avele njengamandla e-basketball asabekayo manje aqhudelana ngokwezinga ne-US.
Ngenkathi ekuqaleni wawungumdlalo waseMelika ongenisiwe, i-basketball isiphenduke yaseYurophu. Umlando wembula inqubo eguquguqukayo yokudluliselwa kwamasiko, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, nokukhula. Ikusasa lithembisa intuthuko eqhubekayo njengoba i-basketball iqinisa indawo yayo kwezemidlalo yaseYurophu.
