Emzamweni wayo ophithizelayo wezisulu zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi, PROTEX, inhlangano yombuso wase-Argentina elwa nokushushumbiswa kwabantu kanye namaqembu ezigebengu axhaphaza izifebe, futhi yenze izifebe ezicatshangelwayo futhi ngalokhu yenze izisulu zangempela ngokuxwayisa abezindaba ngenkathi yenza umkhankaso wokukhwabanisa we-SWAT owawuhlomile ngo-August 2022 eBuenos Aires Yoga School (BAYS ), iqembu lenkolelo yefilosofi kuthiwa uqhuba indandatho yokudayisa ngomzimba nakwezinye izindawo ezingamashumi amahlanu eBuenos Aires.
I-athikili ishicilelwe ekuqaleni ngu I-BitterWinter.Org
Sekukonke, kukhishwe izincwadi ezigunyaza ukuboshwa kwabantu abangu-19, abesilisa abayi-10 nabesifazane abayisi-9, abasolwa ngokuqhuba uphiko lobugebengu. Bonke baboshwa futhi bahanjiswa kuhulumeni wejele onzima kakhulu izikhathi zangaphambi kokuboshwa ezisukela ezinsukwini eziyi-18 kuya kwezingu-84. Emacaleni amabili, iNkantolo Yokudlulisa Amacala yalihoxisa icala ngenxa yokungabi nasisekelo. Abanye bamahhala futhi balinde umzuliswano olandelayo.
Izifebe eziqanjiwe
Abesifazane abahlanu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu, abathathu abaneminyaka engamashumi amane kanti oyedwa ophakathi kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwesinye isandla bamangalela abashushisi ababili be-PROTEX izimangalo ezingenasisekelo zokuthi ziyizisulu zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi ohlakeni lwesikole se-yoga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bayizisulu zangempela ze-PROTEX njengoba manje sebebeke obala isigcwagcwa sesifebe, abaphika ngokunamandla ukuthi abake baba khona. Yize ubufebe bungekho emthethweni e-Argentina, umonakalo mkhulu empilweni yabo yomuntu siqu, yomndeni, neyomsebenzi.
Lezo zifebe zomgunyathi zisanda kuxoxwa eBuenos Aires nguSusan Palmer, UProfesa OyiNzanyana eMnyangweni Wezenkolo Namasiko eNyuvesi YaseConcordia eMontreal (Canada) kanye noMqondisi Wezingane Ezinkolo Zenkolo Nokulawulwa Kwezifundazwe eMcGill University (Canada), osekelwa. yiSocial Sciences kanye neHumanities Research Council yaseCanada (SSHRC). Laba besifazane abaveli esigabeni somphakathi esisengozini futhi abakaze bashushumbiswe e-Argentina. Bangabesigaba esiphakathi futhi babenomsebenzi. Ezingxoxweni baphinde baphika ukuthi bayadayisa ngomzimba. Kusukela namuhla, i-PROTEX ayikanikezi bufakazi bokuthengisa ngomzimba, futhi ngenxa yalokho banoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxhashazwa kulolu hlaka.
Embikweni onamakhasi angama-22 obhalwe kahle oshicilelwe kumagazini kaJulayi-August we I-Journal ye-CESNUR, uSusan Palmer wagqamisa izici ezihlukahlukene zomphumela owonakalisayo we-PROTEX ezimpilweni zezifebe ezicatshangelwayo kanye nezimpimpi zabo ezicatshangelwayo e-BAYS.
Abantu ababoshiwe bebesolwa ngenhlangano yobugebengu, ukushushumbiswa kwabantu, ukuxhashazwa ngokocansi kanye nokushushumbisa imali. Umthetho onguNombolo 26.842 Wokuvinjelwa Nokujeziswa Kokushushumbiswa Kwabantu kanye Nokusiza Izisulu.
Umthetho omelene nokuxhashazwa ngokocansi
Kuze kube ngu-2012, lolu hlobo lwezenzo zobugebengu lwalujeziswa ngokoMthetho 26.364 kodwa ngomhla ka-19 Disemba 2012, lo mthetho uchitshiyelwe ngendlela yokuthi uvule umnyango wokuchazwa nokusetshenziswa okuyimpikiswano. Manje sekukhonjwa ngokuthi Umthetho 26.842.
Ukuxhashazwa ngokwezimali kokuthengisa ngomzimba ngabantu besithathu ngokungangabazeki kufanele kushushiswe ezinkantolo njengoba izisulu kuvame ukuba ngabesifazane bendawo abampofu, ababaleki besifazane, noma abesifazane abangeniswa kwamanye amazwe ngenhloso yokudayisa ngomzimba. Abanye bayakwamukela ukubhekwa njengezisulu. Abanye abakwenzi. Kulesi sigaba sesibili, abesifazane abaningi bathi ukudayisa ngomzimba bangakukhetha ngoba besaba ukuphindiselwa ama-pimp noma ama-mafia ring abathembele kuyo. Ngakho-ke zingase zithathwe njengezisulu kanye nezinkantolo eziphethe uphenyo, naphezu kokuphika kwazo.
Ezinye izifebe ezizimele ezingaxhunywanga kunoma iyiphi inethiwekhi nazo zimemezela ukuthi ukukhetha kwempilo yangempela nokuthi abazona izisulu. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukuhunyushwa kanye nokusetshenziswa koMthetho 26.842 kuba yinkinga kakhulu ngoba uhlelo lwezomthetho lubathatha njengezisulu, naphezu kokuphika kwabo.
Okokugcina, abanye besifazane abangazange bahlanganyele ekuhwebeni babanjwe njengezisulu, ngokungafuni kwabo, ohlelweni lwezobulungiswa ngenxa yophenyo lwenhlangano esolwa ngokuxhashazwa ngokocansi. Lokhu kuyindaba yabesifazane abayisishiyagalolunye abafunde eBuenos Aires Yoga School abaphika ngokuqinile noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokudayisa ngomzimba ezimpilweni zabo.
I-Abolitionism, umqondo ongabazekayo othi "feminist".
Imibono emibili yezepolitiki, ukuqedwa kwezimali kanye nezindawo zokuhlala, iyashayisana ngodaba lokudayisa ngomzimba.
Mayelana nomthetho ophathelene nokudayisa ngomzimba, ukuqeda nya yisikole somcabango esihlose ukuqeda ukudayisa ngomzimba futhi sichitha zonke izinhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala ezigunyaza lokho. Abasekeli bazo zombili lezi zindlela bayavumelana ngokuhoxiswa kokudayisa ngomzimba, kodwa ukuqedwa komthetho okwamanje kubheka “bonke” abaqwayizi njengezisulu zohlelo olubaxhaphazayo ngenxa yokuba sengozini kwabo. Lo mbono mayelana nezisulu kanye nesimo sabo sokuba sengozini wamukelwe yi-PROTEX.
Inhloso yasekuqaleni yaleli qembu lokuqeda nya kwakuwukuphikisana nokuhlaliswa nokulawulwa kokudayisa ngomzimba, okuthe phakathi kokunye kwabeka imithetho yezokwelashwa namaphoyisa kwabaqwayizi.
Ukuhlaliswa kanye nokulawulwa kokudayisa ngomzimba empeleni kwafinyelela ekusungulweni kokuthengisa ngomzimba kanye nokugunyazwa ngokusemthethweni kokuthengwa kwempahla. Njengoba inhlangano ye-neo-abolitionist, enombono oqine kakhulu kunalowo wokuqedwa kwasekuqaleni, yagomela ngokuthi izinhlobo zodlame ezingabekezeleleki ezihambisana nokushushumbiswa kwabantu kanye nokudayisa ngomzimba ngenkani zihlobene nokungajezisi kwabathengi, inhloso yayo ukuvimbela zonke izinhlobo zokuxhashazwa. ubufebe nomaphi lapho kungenzeka khona.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba ukukhulisa ububanzi bezindawo “ezigunyazwe ngokungemthetho” lapho ukudayisa ngomzimba kungase kusetshenziswe izindandatho zobugebengu, “njengama-sauna,” “amashibhi,” “amakilabhu e-whisky,” “amakilabhu asebusuku,” “amakilabhu e-yoga,” njll. , okwakuthiwa akhuthazwa ngokungajeziswa kwabezindaba nasezindaweni zomphakathi. IHhovisi Lomshushisi Womphakathi likhuthaze ukwamukelwa kwezinyathelo okuhloswe ngazo ukwembula umgubuzelo walezi “zindlu zokubekezelelana,” okuyindawo yenqubo yokushushumbiswa ngenjongo yokuxhashazwa ngokobulili, futhi ezijabulela ukuqashelwa okungokomthetho okusolwa ukuthi kuyinkohliso nokungafanele.
Le ndlela inikeze umnyango ovulekile wezinsolo zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi emaqenjini kamoya njengeBAYS.
Ukukhukhuleka kwe-PROTEX mayelana nodaba lokuhlushwa
Ukuqaliswa okuyimpikiswano koMthetho ongu-26.842 oyimpikiswano kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwawo phakathi kanye nabahlakaniphileyo nabahluleli bezomthetho e-Argentina kwagxekwa nguMarisa S. Tarantino encwadini ayishicilela ngo-2021 ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi “Ni víctimas ni criminales: trabajadores sexes. Una critica feminista a las políticas contra la trata de personas y la prostitución” (Akubona Izisulu Noma Izigebengu: Abasebenzi Bocansi. I-Critique Yabesifazane Yezinqubomgomo Ezimelene Nokushushumbiswa Nobufebe; Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica de Argentina).
UMarisa Tarantino ungumshushisi Wezomthetho weHhovisi Lommeli Jikelele Wezwe futhi wayenguNobhala Wangaphambili weHhovisi Lomshushisi Wezobugebengu Nokuqondisa Izigwegwe elingunombolo 2 leNhloko-dolobha Yombuso. Uyingcweti kwezokuPhatha kwezoBulungiswa (i-Universidad de Buenos Aires/Buenos Aires University) kanye ne-Criminal Law (Universidad de Palermo/ Palermo University). Njengoba ebambe iqhaza ezingxoxweni ezihlelwe yi-PROTEX, umbono wakhe ubaluleke kakhulu. Ngamafuphi, nansi eminye yemiphumela yakhe:
- “I-UFASE-PROTEX—ebeyinye yezikhungo ezixhumene ngokuqinile neNhlangano Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yezokufuduka ukuze ibhekane nalolu daba—izinikele ngokukhethekile emsebenzini wokusabalalisa umbono we-neo-abolitionist, iwuveze njengepharadigm elungile yokubhekana namacala. wokushushumbiswa nokuxhashazwa ngokocansi. Lokhu kwabonakala ekuhleleni izifundo eziningi zokuqeqesha nezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi, izinto zokusabalalisa, 'izimiso zokwenza kahle kakhulu,' ngisho nasekukhiqizweni kwezemfundo. Konke lokhu kwaba nomthelela omkhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene yezikhungo ezweni lonke” (ikhasi 194).
- “Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanganiswa kwalo mbono wobulili, owakhiwe kusukela ku-postulates main neo-abolitionist, kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka (kabusha) ukutolika izinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlangano kanye nokushintshisana kwezinsizakalo zocansi mayelana nezingxabano zobugebengu futhi, ngokuqondile, ku imigomo yokushushumbiswa” (ikhasi 195).
Lona umongo ovezwe yizichibiyelo zika-2012 zomthetho wokushushumbiswa kwabantu kanye nokuxhashazwa kokudayisa ngomzimba ngamaqembu obugebengu kanye nokugunyaza kwe-PROTEX imodeli yezombusazwe yokuqeda nya (okungalungile) eyasetshenziswa ukuze kuthethelelwe ukuhlaselwa kwe-BAYS.
Ngaphandle kwemodeli yezombangazwe, i-PROTEX yathola umngane kumuntu omelene nenkolo u-Pablo Salum owadubula yonke imicibisholo yakhe emaqenjini enkolo angewona endabuko noma enkolo e-Argentina, kuhlanganise nomuntu ohlonishwayo wamazwe ngamazwe. I-NGO ye-Evangelical okusanda kugasela izikhungo zayo ezingama-38 ngamacala okusolwa ngokushushumbisa.
Unxantathu wobuSathane ecaleni le-BAYS: umbono wezepolitiki, ukwakhiwa kwezisulu zamanga, umbhangqwana we-PROTEX noSalum
I-BAYS iyisisulu semodeli yezepolitiki, umakhi wayo wezobulungiswa u-PROTEX, kanye no-anti-cultist u-Pablo Salum.
USalum, owayehlala nezihlobo ezenza i-yoga e-BAYS waze waba yibhungu, ufike “nenani elengeziwe” kule nkulumompikiswano. Usole iBAYS ngokuba “yihlelo,” elilawula futhi lihuqa izingqondo zabesifazane ukuze bababandakanye ekuhwebeni ukuze bazixhase. Isikhundla sakhe saduduzwa ngu igagasi elikhulu lemibiko yabezindaba, eyaveza kabusha ukumangalelwa kwakhe ngaphandle kokuhlolwa, Lena yindlela iBAYS eyaba ngayo “ihlelo elisabekayo” e-Argentina nakwamanye amazwe.
Imibiko eminingi yabacwaningi bakwamanye amazwe ikhombisile ukuthi uSalum wabhebhetheka kuphela amaphupho namanga mayelana ne-BAYS nezinhlangano ezintsha zenkolo ukuze adonse ukunaka kwabezindaba ngokwakhe.
Abanye abaholi be-PROTEX baqala benza ubungane noSalum, ababone njengethuba lokuphenya nokushushisa amaqembu amasha ngamacala okushushumbisa abantu nokuxhashazwa ngokudayisa ngomzimba.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusho kwe-PROTEX, abantu abasetshenziselwa ukudayisa ngomzimba bonke bayizisulu zangempela ngenxa yokuxhashazwa kobuthakathaka babo, ngisho noma bephika ngamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokukaSalum, amahlelo azuza umphumela ofanayo ngokuhlanza amalunga awo ingqondo nokusebenzisa ubuthakathaka bawo. Ukuhlukunyezwa kokuba sengozini ngokusho kwe-PROTEX kanye nokuhlukunyezwa kobuthakathaka ngokusho kukaSalum ophikisana nenkolo ngaleyo ndlela kuholela kumphumela ofanayo: ukwakhiwa kwalabo okuthiwa izisulu abangazi ukuthi bayizisulu futhi bayakuphika.
Lokhu kuchaza ugibe abawele kulo iBAYS kanye nabesifazane abayisishiyagalolunye abachazwa yiPROTEX njengezisulu ezingaqaphile zokudayisa ngomzimba yiqembu lezigebengu.
Ungaphuma kanjani kulolu gibe? I-Argentina isalokhu iyintando yeningi futhi ubulungiswa buyindlela eyinhloko yokuphuma. Iqembu lobuKristu "Cómo vivir por fe" yawina icala layo ngokumelene ne-PROTEX ngoNovemba 2022 ngemuva kokuhlasela okwagqugquzelwa u-Pablo Salum kanye nezinsolo zokuxhaphaza nokushushumbisa izitho zomzimba. Inkantolo igxeke uSalum “ngokuqeqesha” nokukhohlisa ufakazi omkhulu.
Endabeni ye-BAYS, ubuchopho iyiphupho elahlwa izazi ezifundweni zezenkolo njengombono ongekho. Mayelana nabamangali besifazane abayisishiyagalolunye izinkantolo kuzodingeka zibone ukuthi abukho ubufakazi bokuthengiswa kwezinsiza zocansi.
Amaqhinga e-PROTEX and Co. muva nje agxekwe yi-CAP/Liberté de Conscience, i-NGO enesimo se-ECOSOC, Iseshini yama-53 yoMkhandlu Wamalungelo Abantu we-UN eGeneva.
I-PROTEX kanye namajaji e-Argentina bangenza kahle ngokulalela lesi sixwayiso ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa ubuso phambi komphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe wamalungelo abantu lapho isipoki sobufebe iyashabalala ecaleni le-BAYS.
