Emakethe yemisebenzi yaseYurophu, imisebenzi ethile iye yavela njengezuzisa kakhulu. Njengoba siqhubekela phambili ngo-2023 kuyacaca ukuthi ukuba nesethi yamakhono kwezobuchwepheshe, ezezimali, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezikhundla zebhizinisi zamasu kungaholela emaholo aphezulu kakhulu ezwenikazi lonke. Ake singene ekuhlaziyeni imisebenzi eyishumi ephezulu enxeshezelwe kahle kakhulu, e-Europe ngonyaka odlule, ngokusho kweminye imibiko.
1. I-Investment Banker
Amabhange okutshalwa kwezimali adlala indima enkampanini esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe babo bezezimali ukuze baqondise ukuhlangana nokutholwa kwemali kanye nobunkimbinkimbi beminikelo yomphakathi yokuqala (ama-IPO). Ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bezimakethe kanye nomthelela omkhulu wokutshalwa kwezimali komsebenzi wabo amabhange ajabulela isinxephezelo esikhulu. Imiholo ingahluka kakhulu ngochwepheshe abangomakadebona abathola amabhonasi angaphezu komholo wabo oyisisekelo.
Iholo elimaphakathi labatshalizimali lishintshashintsha kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ithonywa izici ezifana nolwazi olusebenzayo, usayizi wenkampani nezimo zemakethe ezithile. Nazi ezinye izibalo, zango-2023:
- EJalimane, iholo elimaphakathi loMhlaziyi Wokutshalwa Kwezimali lilinganiselwa ku-€109,000 ngonyaka1.
- ELondon, amaholo amaphakathi namabhonasi abahlaziyi bamabhange asukela ku-£65,000 kuya ku-£95,000, ngesilinganiso esingaba ngu-£70,000 kuya ku-£85,000.2.
- Kuyo yonke i-European Economic Area (EEA), isinxephezelo esimaphakathi sababhange singafika ku-€1,080,507, ngokuhluka okuphawulekayo kuye ngezwe.3.
2. Umthuthukisi weSoftware
Kule nkathi yedijithali abathuthukisi bezinhlelo zesoftware badlala indima ebalulekile njengongqondongqondo ekuthuthukeni kwayo. Laba chwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe banesibopho sokuklama, ukubhala amakhodi nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe. Ubuchwepheshe ezindaweni ezifana ne-cybersecurity, i-cloud computing kanye nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lweselula kungaholela ngisho nasekuholeni okuphezulu. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokungena kuyo yonke imboni isidingo sabathuthukisi sihlala siphezulu.
Iholo elilindelekile labathuthukisi be-software e-Europe ngo-2023 lingahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngezinto, njengezwe kanye nezinga lesipiliyoni. Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olutholakalayo:
- Isilinganiso somholo wonjiniyela wase-Europe silinganiselwa ku-$110,640.88, nebanga elisuka ku-$23,331 liye ku-$256,500 ngonyaka.^1.
- Onjiniyela baseNtshonalanga Yurophu ngokuvamile bahola okungenani u-$40,000+ ngonyaka, kuyilapho onjiniyela baseMpumalanga Yurophu bengalindela cishe u-$20,000+ ngonyaka.^2.
- Ekugcineni okuphezulu kwe-spectrum, abahleli bezinhlelo zesofthiwe emazweni afana neSwitzerland bangazuza cishe u-€100,000 ngonyaka.^3.
3. Uchwepheshe Wezokwelapha
Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kuyaqhubeka nokuba isevisi futhi ngaphakathi kochwepheshe bezokwelapha abafana nodokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela benhliziyo nodokotela bezinzwa bathathwa njengezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lobuchwepheshe. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabo okubanzi nolwazi lwabo ludlala indima ekusindiseni izimpilo nasekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yesiguli. EYurophu, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangalindela amaholo, ikakhulukazi ochwepheshe abahola kakhulu ngenxa yolwazi lwabo olukhethekile.
Isilinganiso semali engenayo yochwepheshe base-Europe ngo-2023 yehluka kakhulu ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nezwe kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe abanalo. Nazi izibonelo:
- E-UK, umholo ojwayelekile wonyaka Wodokotela Abajwayelekile (GPs) cishe u-€73,408, kuyilapho ochwepheshe behola kakhulu^1.
- EJalimane, odokotela abangabahlali bangalindela iholo lokuqala elingama-€50,000 kuya ku-€60,000 ngonyaka, ngokuhlukahluka okusekelwe esifundeni kanye nokukhethekile.^2.
- E-Poland, umuntu osebenza kweZempilo Nezokwelapha ngokuvamile uhola cishe u-11,300 PLN (Złoty yasePoland) ngenyanga, okuhumushela cishe ku-€2,500 ngokusekelwe kumanani okushintshanisa amanje.^3.
4. Umphathi Wezokuthuthukiswa Kwamabhizinisi
Abaphathi bokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi badlala indima ezinkampanini njengoba benesibopho sokuthola amathuba amasha ebhizinisi nokusungula imifelandawonye yamasu. Banomthelela ekwenzeni imali kanye nokwandisa ukufinyelela emakethe okwenza indima yabo ibe semqoka empumelelweni yenkampani. Isinxephezelo sabo ngokuvamile sihlanganisa iholo elingashintshi kanye namabhonasi asekelwe ekusebenzeni abonisa inani abalilethayo enhlanganweni.
Umholo omaphakathi Wabaphathi Bokuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi, e-Europe uyahlukahluka emazweni ngamazwe ngo-2023. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- E-Netherlands, umholo omaphakathi woMphathi Wokuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi cishe u-€75,045 ngonyaka^1.
- EJalimane, umholo ojwayelekile uzungeze ama- $ 107,250^2.
- E-United Kingdom, Abaphathi Bezokuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi bangalindela ukuzuza isilinganiso sama- $99,188 ngonyaka^2.
I-5. Ummeli
Inkundla yezomthetho ibilokhu yaziwa ngokuvelela kanye nekhono lemali engenayo. Abameli abagxile emthethweni, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokutholwa kanye nempahla esunguliwe bavame ukuzuza kahle kakhulu. Ikhono labo lokuzulazula ezinhlelweni zomthetho nokuvikela izithakazelo zamakhasimende abo libaluleke kakhulu yingakho bethola isinxephezelo esikhulu kangaka.
Ngo-2023 isilinganiso samaholo abameli, eYurophu siyahluka ngokwamazwe. Ngokwesibonelo:
- EFrance, iholo elimaphakathi lommeli lilinganiselwa ku-$60,173 ngonyaka^1.
- EJalimane, abameli bangalindela ukuthola isilinganiso sama- $70,000 ngonyaka^2.
- E-UK, iholo lomholo wesikhulu sezomthetho, esingathathwa njengesikhundla somthetho sezinga lokungena, liphakathi kuka-£20,000 no-£50,000 ngonyaka ukuze abambe iqhaza unomphela.^3.
6. IsiKhulu esiPhezulu (i-CEO)
Ukuba sesikhundleni sabaphathi Ama-CEO abambe iqhaza elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwenkampani, umkhondo wamasu kanye namagugu enhlangano. Le ndima idinga inhlanganisela yobuholi, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokubona izinto kusengaphambili. Amaphakeji esinxephezelo se-CEO avame ukuhlanganisa izinto ezinjengomholo oyisisekelo, amabhonasi, izinketho zesitoko kanye nezinye izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene.
Umholo omaphakathi we-Chief Executive Officer (CEO) eYurophu ngo-2023 uyahlukahluka ngokwezifunda kanye nohlobo lwenkampani. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Isilinganiso sesinxephezelo esiyisisekelo phakathi kwama-CEO ase-Europe ezinkampanini ezizimele ezisekelwa ngokulingana kubikwe ukuthi singama- $447,000 ngo-2023, kanti isilinganiso sebhonasi yemali etholwe ngo-2022 sama- $285,000, okuhlanganisa isinxephezelo semali esimaphakathi esingu-$732,000.^1.
- EBrussels, eBelgium, iholo eliphakathi nendawo le-CEO libikwa lingama- $100,000 ngonyaka.^2.
- EJalimane, iholo elimaphakathi le-CEO lingu-€131,547^3.
7. Umphathi we-IT
Abaphathi be-IT babamba iqhaza ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okungenazihibe kwezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe enkampanini kuyilapho beziqondisa nezinjongo zebhizinisi. Njengoba izinkampani zenza izinguquko izibopho zazo sezibaluleke kakhulu. Abaphathi be-IT baqondisa amaqembu aphatha amaphrojekthi futhi enze izinqumo mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yokubaluleka kweqhaza labo ngokuvamile bathola amaholo kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe zokusebenza.
Umholo omaphakathi woMphathi we-IT e-Europe ngo-2023 ungahluka, kodwa nanka amaphuzu athile edatha:
- EJalimane, iholo elimaphakathi loMphathi we-IT kubikwa ukuthi lingama-$80,000 ngonyaka^1.
- Nakuba isibalo esivamile sase-Europe singanikezwanga, uMphathi we-IT e-United States unomholo omaphakathi wama- $92,083, ongaqhathaniswa namazwe athile aseYurophu kuye ngezindleko zokuphila nesidingo sochwepheshe be-IT.^2.
- Ukwengeza, ezikhundleni zokuphatha emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, isilinganiso somholo waminyaka yonke silinganiselwa ku-$98,000, nomholo omncane oyisisekelo wama-$69,000.^3.
8. Umshayeli wendiza
Abashayeli bezindiza babamba iqhaza ekuqondiseni izindiza esibhakabhakeni bebeka kuqala inhlalakahle yabagibeli abaningi nsuku zonke. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabo kubanzi. Banomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu kakhulu. Abashayeli bezindiza zezentengiselwano abaqashwe yizinkampani zezindiza baziwa njengabanye abahola kakhulu embonini yezokuthutha. Iholo labo liyalingana, nolwazi lwabo, ubunkimbinkimbi bemisebenzi yabo kanye nezinhlelo ezivame ukungaqondakali abanamathela kuzo.
Umholo omaphakathi womshayeli wendiza e-Europe ngo-2023 ungahluka kakhulu kuye ngenkampani yezindiza kanye nezinga lesipiliyoni somshayeli. Amanye amaphuzu edatha afaka:
- Abashayeli bezindiza be-Air France bangathola umholo omaphakathi wama-€150,000^1.
- Abasebenzi baseLufthansa bangathola imali elinganiselwa ku-€9,000 nyanga zonke^1.
- Ukapteni weBritish Airways angenza imali engaphezu kuka-£100,000 ngonyaka^1.
9. Umphathi Wezentengiso
Abaphathi bezokuthengisa badlala indima ekukhiqizeni imali yenkampani. Banomthwalo wemfanelo, wokuhola namaqembu okuthengisa akhuthazayo asungula imigomo nokudala amasu okufeza lezo zinhloso. Iholo labo ngokuvamile lincike ekusebenzeni kwabo ngamabhonasi namakhomishini enza ingxenye yeholo labo. Abaphathi bezokuthengisa abakhethekile abahlangabezana ngokuqhubekayo noma abadlula imigomo yabo banethuba lokuzuza amanani emali.
Umholo omaphakathi woMphathi Wezokuthengisa e-Europe ngo-2023 uyahlukahluka ngokwamazwe:
- E-France, iholo elimaphakathi loMphathi Wokuthengisa lingu-€75,000 ngonyaka^1.
- Nakuba izibalo ezithile zamanye amazwe ase-Europe zinganikeziwe, singabheka iholo elimaphakathi loMphathi Wezokuthengisa Wamazwe Ngamazwe eJalimane, elingasebenza njengesiqhathaniso esinzima. Umphathi Wezokuthengisa Wezinga eliphezulu onolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8 uthola umholo omaphakathi wama-€143,019^3.
10. Unjiniyela Wokufunda Ngemishini
Onjiniyela bokufunda ngomshini badlala indima ekuthuthukiseni ucwaningo lobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokusebenza kwalo okungokoqobo. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokudala amasistimu anamandla okufunda kudatha nokwenza izinqumo. Isidingo salaba chwepheshe sesikhule njengoba izimboni ezahlukahlukene zilwela ukusebenzisa amandla e-AI ukuze zithole umkhawulo phezu kwezimbangi zazo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe babo kwisayensi yedatha nama-algorithms e-AI, baphakathi kwabaholayo, emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe.
Umholo omaphakathi Wonjiniyela Wokufunda Ngomshini e-Europe ngo-2023 ungahluka, kodwa nazi izibalo ezithile ezivela eJalimane, ezingaba inkomba yesifunda:
