Njengoba iNhlangano Yezohwebo Yomhlaba (i-WTO) ilungiselela Ingqungquthela Yongqongqoshe Ye-13 (i-MC13), isimo neziphakamiso zeNhlangano YaseYurophu (EU) kuvele njengezindawo zokukhuluma ezibalulekile. Umbono we-EU, nakuba unesifiso sokuvelela, nawo uvula inqwaba yezingxoxo mayelana nokuba nokwenzeka, ukubandakanywa, kanye nemithelela ebanzi yayo. izinguquko ezihlongozwayo ohlelweni lokuhweba lomhlaba jikelele.
Umnyombo we-ajenda ye-EU isimemo sezinguquko ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwe I-WTO, ithuthukisa umfutho kusukela kumiphumela ye-MC12 ngoJuni 2022. I-EU ibona ngeso lengqondo iphakethe elibanzi ku-MC13 elingabeka isisekelo sezinguquko ezengeziwe nge-MC14. Le ndlela igcizelela ukuzibophezela kwe-EU ohlelweni lokuhweba olusekelwe emithethweni oluzinzile nolubikezelwayo. Nokho, lo mbono, nakuba utuseka ngokuba nethemba kwawo okuhle, ungase ubhekane nezithiyo ngenxa yezithakazelo ezihlukahlukene namandla amalungu e-WTO. Ukuzuza ukuvumelana ngezinguquko ezibanzi kudinga ukuzulazula kwezingxoxo eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokulinganisa izinto ezibalulekile kuzwelonke ezihlukene, obekukade kuyinselele ngokomlando ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-WTO.
Intshiseko ye-EU yokungena kwe-Comoros ne-Timor-Leste ku-WTO iyaphawuleka, iphawula lezi njengezinyathelo ezinhle zokuhlanganisa wonke umuntu kanye nezinguquko kwezomnotho. Lokhu kungena, okokuqala kusukela ngo-2016, kugqamisa ngempela ukuhambisana okuqhubekayo kwe-WTO. Noma kunjalo, inselelo ebanzi yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amalungu amasha navele akhona, ikakhulukazi amazwe asathuthuka nasathuthuka kancane (ama-LDC), angazuza ngokugcwele ohlelweni lwe-WTO ahlala ekhona. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalawa mazwe ohlelweni lwezohwebo lomhlaba wonke kubandakanya ukubhekana nezithiyo zesakhiwo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho nezingxoxo ze-WTO zibonakalisa izintshisekelo namandla awo.
Ukuguqulwa kwemisebenzi ewumongo ye-WTO, okuhlanganisa uhlelo olusebenza ngokugcwele lokuxazulula izingxabano kanye nokuvulwa kweNdikimba Yokudlulisa Amacala, kubhekwa njengento ebaluleke kakhulu yi-EU. Nakuba isidingo salezi zinguquko sivunywa kabanzi, indlela yokufinyelela kuzo igcwele ubunkimbinkimbi. Ukungqubuzana kokuxazululwa kwezingxabano, isibonelo, kuwuphawu lwezinkinga ezijulile ezihlobene nokubusa kanye nokulingana kwamandla ngaphakathi kwe-WTO, okubonisa ukungezwani okubanzi kwezwe.
Ukuphusha kwe-EU kokugunyazwa nokusebenzisa iSivumelwano soxhaso lwezokudoba okuvela ku-MC12 kuwubufakazi bokuzibophezela kwayo ekuzinzeni. Lesi sinyathelo, nakuba sibalulekile ngokohlelo, siphinde sigqamise izinselelo zokuqondanisa imithetho yezohwebo yezizwe ngezizwe nezinjongo zemvelo. Ukuphumelela kwezivumelwano ezinjalo ekusebenzeni kuncike ekuphoqeleleni kwazo nasekuzimiseleni kwamalungu ukuthobela, kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana namandla e-WTO okubhekana nokukhathazeka komhlaba wonke njengokusimama.
Mayelana nohwebo lwedijithali, ukusekelwa kwe-EU kokuvuselela ukumiswa kwentela yempahla ethunyelwa nge-elekthronikhi kanye nokuthuthukisa Uhlelo Lomsebenzi Wohwebo nge-inthanethi kukhombisa umzamo wokuhambisana nokwenza idijithali komnotho womhlaba. Kodwa-ke, le ndawo iphinde ikhombise ukungezwani phakathi kokuphromotha ukuhwebelana kwedijithali okuvulekile kanye nokubhekana nokukhathazeka mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwedijithali, intela, kanye nokuphathwa kwedatha.
Ukuma kwe-EU ekubhekaneni nezinselele zokuvikeleka kokudla, ikakhulukazi esimweni sempi yase-Ukraine, kugcizelela ukuphambana kwezinqubomgomo zezohwebo nezinto ezingokoqobo zezwe. Nakuba indima ye-WTO ekunciphiseni umthelela wokungqubuzana ekuvikelekeni kokudla emhlabeni wonke ibalulekile, ukuphumelela kwezinyathelo zohwebo kulezo zimo kuncike emizamweni ebanzi yezamanxusa kanye neyokusiza abantu.
Kwezolimo nentuthuko, i-EU imela imiphumela ehambisana nezinqubomgomo zayo, njengeNqubomgomo YezoLimo Evamile. Lesi simo, nakuba sivikela izithakazelo ze-EU, singase siphakamise ukukhathazeka mayelana nebhalansi phakathi kokuvikela imikhakha yasekhaya kanye nokukhuthaza uhlelo lokuhweba lomhlaba wonke olunobulungiswa noluvulekile oluzuzisa wonke amalungu, ikakhulukazi asathuthuka kanye nama-LDC.
Ukwesekwa kwe-EU kokubambisana kwamazwe amaningi ngokusebenzisa Izinyathelo Ezihlanganyelwe Zesitatimende kukhombisa indlela enengqondo yokuqhubekisela phambili izingxoxo ezindabeni ezicindezelayo. Kodwa-ke, leli su liphinde liphakamise imibuzo mayelana nokubandakanywa kanye nokuhambisana kwesistimu yokuhweba yamazwe ngamazwe, njengoba kungewona wonke amalungu e-WTO abamba iqhaza kulezi zinhlelo.
Njengoba i-EU izibeka njengomholi ekuphokopheleni i-WTO eguquliwe nevuselelwe kabusha ku-MC13, izinselelo ezisazo ziningi. Ukuzuza umphumela olinganiselayo obhekana nezidingo kanye nokukhathazeka kwawo wonke amalungu e-WTO, kuyilapho kubhekwa ukungezwani kwezwe kanye nezithakazelo ezihlukene, kuzodinga isenzo sokulinganisa esibucayi. Iziphakamiso ze-EU, nakuba zifuna ukuvelela futhi zinezinhloso ezinhle, zizofakwa esivivinyweni njengoba amalungu ehlanganyela ezingxoxweni ezizololonga ikusasa lohlelo lwezohwebo emhlabeni wonke.
INgqungquthela Yongqongqoshe Yenhlangano Yezohwebo Yomhlaba (i-WTO) isanda kuqala e-Abu Dhabi, okuphawula isikhathi esibucayi sokuthi amazwe angamalungu abhekane nezinkinga ezicindezelayo zokuhwebelana emhlabeni jikelele. Izingxoxo zizohlanganisa izihloko ezinjengokwenqatshelwa koxhaso olufaka isandla ekudobeni ngokweqile kanye nobunzima bentela yedijithali, ebekwe ngokumelene nesizinda sokuntengantenga komnotho kanye nokusimama okungalingani kulo bhubhane. Imiphumela yalezi zingxoxo ngaphakathi kwendikimba ethatha izinqumo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-WTO isilungele ukudonsa ukunaka okukhulu njengoba umhlaba ukubhekisisa.
UMqondisi uNgozi Okonjo-Iweala ubeke ithoni ephusile engqungqutheleni, egqamisa izinselelo ezinkulu ezisazobhekana nazo ekuzulazuleni isimo samanje somhlaba. Egcizelela ukungaqiniseki okukhulayo nokungaqini kahle uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka edlule, u-Okonjo-Iweala ugcizelele ukungezwani kwezwe kanye nezingxabano eziye zanda emhlabeni wonke. Kusukela eMpumalanga Ephakathi kuya e-Afrika nangale kwayo, amazwi oMqondisi asebenza njengesikhumbuzo esiqinile sezingqinamba ezihlukene ezibhekene nomphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe, ekhuthaza impendulo ehlangene ukuze kubhekwane nalezi zinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ngempumelelo.
Ukuphuthuma kugcwele kulo mbuthano, njengoba kugcizelelwe ngu-Athalia Lesiba, uSihlalo WoMkhandlu Jikelele we-WTO, ogcizelele ukubaluleka kokuthatha isinyathelo esibumbene phakathi kokungaqiniseki kwezomnotho kanye nokungezwani kwezombusazwe. Ikhwelo likaLesiba lokuqondisa i-WTO ekubhekaneni nezinselele zamanje lihambisana nesidingo semizamo yokubambisana ekubhekaneni nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi esikhona. Njengoba ukhetho luhlelelwe emazweni angaphezu kwama-50 kulo nyaka, imiphumela yazo zombili izingxoxo zengqungquthela kanye nalezi zinqubo zokhetho zimi ngomumo ukubumba umkhondo we-WTO kanye nomnotho womhlaba kakhulu, kugcizelela ukubaluleka okubalulekile kwesenzo esihlangene ekuzulazuleni ubunzima bokuthuthuka kwezomnotho. uhwebo lomhlaba jikelele. Umhlangano waminyaka yonke kulindeleke ukuthi uphele ngoFebhuwari 29 e-United Arab Emirates, okulindelwe kuphezulu ezinqumweni ezinomthelela kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenzisana ezizovela ezingxoxweni.
