“Pakuti moyo uli woposa chakudya, ndi thupi loposa chovala”
Uthenga Wabwino wa Luka chaputala 12, vesi 23
"Ubwino" ndi njira yomwe anthu amamvetsetsa ndikusankha njira yabwino yamoyo; monga lingaliro, limaphatikizanso lingaliro la moyo wathanzi (monga chakudya ndi chikhalidwe choyendayenda) ndi lingaliro la kukula kwa thupi, maganizo ndi maganizo a umunthu, kumanga mgwirizano wamkati ndi mgwirizano ndi ena. Izi zikutanthawuza chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso (kapena chikhumbo chofuna kuphunzira) mu kulemera kwa dziko lamkati - maganizo, uzimu - wa munthu payekha komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso pamwamba pa chitukuko cha kudzidziwitsa, kukhwima kwa malingaliro ndi malingaliro.
Ubwino ndi:
Mchitidwe wachidziwitso, wolinganiza ndi wolimbikitsa kuti umunthu uwonetse kuthekera kwake, kukwaniritsa luntha ndi malingaliro;
moyo wamitundumitundu, wokwanira wokhala ndi moyo wabwino ndi wotsimikizira;
kuyanjana koyenera ndi chilengedwe (zachilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe).
Bill Hettler, woyambitsa nawo komanso pulezidenti wa Bungwe la Atsogoleri a National Wellness Institute (USA) adapanga chitsanzo cha miyeso isanu ndi umodzi ya umoyo wabwino, imodzi mwa izo ndi umoyo wauzimu.
Mbali imeneyi ikugwirizana ndi kufufuza tanthauzo ndi cholinga cha kukhalapo kwa munthu. Imakulitsa kuzindikira ndi kuyamikira kuzama ndi kumveka kwa moyo ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe zomwe zilipo m'chilengedwe. Pamene mukuyenda panjira, mukhoza kukhala ndi malingaliro okayikira, kukhumudwa, mantha, kukhumudwa ndi kutaya, komanso zosangalatsa, chimwemwe, chisangalalo, kupeza - izi ndizochitika zofunika ndi zinthu za kufunafuna. Adzatambasula mitengo yamtengo wapatali wanu, yomwe imasinthasintha nthawi zonse ndikusintha kuti ikhale ndi tanthauzo. Mudzadziwa kuti mukuchita bwino m'maganizo pamene zochita zanu zikuyandikira zikhulupiriro zanu ndi zomwe mumazikonda ndikuyamba kupanga dziko latsopano.
Pofunsidwa ndi bungwe la Interfax-Religia (October 17, 2006), chidzudzulo chotsatirachi chinaperekedwa ponena za kuukira kopanda chilungamo kwa akuluakulu ena a bungwe la European Union ponena za mipingo ya Chikristu. "Kwa zaka khumi zapitazi, Nyumba Yamalamulo ya ku Ulaya yadzudzula matchalitchi a Orthodox ndi Katolika maulendo oposa makumi atatu chifukwa cha kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu ndipo silinayambe kutsutsa mayiko monga China ndi Cuba," adatero Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti. Nyumba Yamalamulo ya ku Europe, Mario Mauro, pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse lapansi "Europe pakusintha: kusamvana kwa zitukuko ziwiri kapena kukambirana kwatsopano?".
Malingana ndi iye, chifukwa chachikulu cha milandu yotereyi ndi zisankho zofanana za akuluakulu a ku Ulaya kwenikweni ndi "chikhulupiriro cha ambiri kuti n'kofunika kumanga Ulaya popanda kutenga nawo mbali pa chipembedzo, kuti tiyenera kumamatira ku njira yotereyi kuti tipewe. chifundamentalism”. “Iwo amasokoneza chikhazikitso ndi chipembedzo. Timatsutsana ndi mfundo zachikhazikitso, koma tiyenera kuthandizira chipembedzo, chifukwa chipembedzo ndi gawo la munthu ", adatero wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti wa Nyumba Yamalamulo ku Ulaya. Otsutsa kutenga nawo mbali kwa Tchalitchi ku moyo wa anthu a ku Ulaya, m'mawu ake, chifukwa cha maudindo awo, akhoza kukhala "magwero a chiwonongeko cha polojekiti ya Ulaya wogwirizana". Pakulankhula kwake pamsonkhanowo, Mario Mauro adanenanso kuti chimodzi mwa ziopsezo zazikulu za ku Ulaya kwamakono ndizogwirizana ndi makhalidwe abwino, pamene "m'mayiko ena amayesa kumanga anthu opanda Mulungu, koma izi zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu". "Osakhulupirira ku Europe posachedwa kapena pambuyo pake, atha," MP waku Europe adawonetsa chidaliro. M’chitaganya chamakono, moyo wa munthu ndi ulemu zimanyozedwa, machimo asanu ndi awiri akupha ali paliponse akulandiridwa monga alendo olandiridwa. Mosakayikira, umphaŵi wakuthupi wa unyinji uli woipa kwambiri m’moyo. Komabe, pali umphaŵi wadzaoneni. Ndiwo umphawi wamaganizo wa gawo lalikulu la anthu, umphawi wawo wauzimu, umphawi wa chikumbumtima, kupanda pake kwa mtima.
Lamulo la Khristu si chikhalidwe chokha, koma ndi moyo wosatha wa umulungu. Munthu wachibadwidwe alibe moyo umenewu m’cholengedwa chake (chonyama), choncho amakwaniritsa chifuniro cha Mulungu, ndiko kuti, kukhala motsatira lamulo la Mulungu, munthu sangathe mwa mphamvu zake; koma ndi chikhalidwe chake kufuna kwa Mulungu, kwa odalitsika moyo wosatha. Zokhumba za munthu wachibadwidwe zikanangokhala zikhumbo chabe popanda kuthekera kwa kukwaniritsidwa kwenikweni, ngati mphamvu Yaumulungu inalibe - chisomo, chomwe mwachokha ndicho chomwe chikufunidwa, ndiko kuti, moyo wamuyaya waumulungu. Chinthu chokha chomwe chili chofunikira ndikumvera liwu la chikumbumtima ndi udindo - ku liwu la lamulo la Mulungu, ndikuyenda panjira yopita ku umulungu ndi chikondi, kuti aukitse umunthu mwa munthu.
“Kudzera mwa Mzimu Woyera timadziwa Ambuye, ndipo Mzimu Woyera amakhala mwa munthu aliyense: m’maganizo, m’moyo, ndi m’thupi. Umu ndi momwe timadziwira Mulungu kumwamba ndi padziko lapansi "- ndi mawu awa a Venerable Silouan wa ku Atonsky, tikhoza kuyamba phunziro la funso la mgwirizano pakati pa mzimu wathanzi ndi thupi lathanzi, lomwenso ndilo ntchito yaikulu ya moyo. filosofi ya ubwino. Ngakhale wolemba Chipangano Chakale Tobias akuvumbula momveka bwino kuti matenda amagwirizana ndi mizimu yoyambitsa matenda - ziwanda m'matupi a anthu.
Chikhalidwe cha umunthu, kupyolera mu mphamvu zachilendo kwa icho, chimatiululira umunthu wa munthu ndi kupangitsa kuti chifikire kwa ena ndi kwa Mulungu, kutanthauza kukhala wapadera kwa zochitika zaumwini kaya kupyolera mu vumbulutso la zochitika zachinsinsi kapena kupyolera mu mgwirizano mu chikondi. Kupyolera mu kukhudzana kumeneku ndi mphamvu ya Mulungu, chifaniziro cha Kristu chimaikidwa pa munthu, chimene chimatitsogolera ku chidziŵitso cha Mulungu ndi kutipanga kukhala otengako mbali mu “khalidwe laumulungu” ( 2 Pet. 1:4 ), kusonyeza hypostasis yathu mwa umodzi ndi Khristu. Akatswiri ochokera ku likulu la sayansi ku Colorado, omwe kwa nthawi yoyamba anabwezeretsa chiwerengero cha volumetric cha Khristu kuchokera pa chithunzi chosindikizidwa pa Nsalu ya Turin, amatifotokozera maonekedwe a padziko lapansi a Yesu Khristu: kutalika kwa 182 cm, kulemera kwa 79.4 kg. Potengera zomwe zidasindikizidwa komanso mothandizidwa ndi umisiri wamakono wapakompyuta, asayansi a ku America anaŵerengera mbali zonse za thupi la Kristu ndi kupanga chifanizo cha pulasitala. Ikhoza kuonedwa ngati masewera olondola kwambiri a chithunzi ndi nkhope ya Yesu. Khristu anali munthu wamtali ndi wamkulu. Malingana ndi mawerengedwe a akatswiri, kutalika kwake kunali masentimita 182, ndipo kulemera kwake sikunapitirire 79.4 kilogalamu. Anali wamtali wamtali kuposa a m'nthawi yake. Pamene Yesu ankayenda pakati pa ophunzira ake, anthu ankamuona ali patali. Ndipo ngakhale Khristu wokhala pansi anali wamtali kuposa ena onse (olembedwa kuchokera ku Svetlana Makunina, "Asayansi adabwezeretsa chifaniziro cha Mpulumutsi", Moyo). Ukuyenera Mzimu wa Mulungu kukhala mu thupi lathanzi, kapena kani, mzimu wathanzi mwa munthu umatengera thanzi lathupi. Palibe zochitika zochepa pamene tiwona symbiosis pakati pa mzimu wathanzi mu thupi lofooka, pamene mzimu umathandiza kunyamula zofooka za thupi. M’buku lakuti The Brothers Karamazov, Dostoevsky akunena kuti: “M’lifupi, mopanda malire, munthu ndi munthu: akhoza kugwera m’phompho la Sodomu ndi Gomora. Ndipo imatha kukwera mpaka pamwamba pa Sistine Madonna. ” Pamene munthu akukhala ndi zoipa chifukwa cha zoipa, munthu amakhala ziro makhalidwe, gwero la zoipa makhalidwe, chachikulu kuchotsera wauzimu, wofooka mwauzimu. Yesu Kristu samalingalira za moyo umodzi wotayika, chifukwa iye amadziŵa mmene kuliri kovuta kuchiritsa kotheratu mwauzimu, kotero kuti munthu akhoza kukhala nthunzi yamoyo ya dongosolo laumulungu, fungo la mitundu yabwino koposa ya umunthu. Chotero palinso anthu amene ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri, okhala ndi malingaliro opanda dyera ndi chitonthozo choyenera m’moyo. Kupalira namsongole ndikofunikira, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kubzala mbewu zabwino. Ndife anthu olengedwa ndi Mulungu Mwiniwake, ndipo zomwe watipatsa siziyenera kuwonedwa ngati mphatso zokhazikika. Tili ndi ufulu weniweni wosiyana. Khalidwe lathu likhoza kusintha. Khalidwe lathu likhoza kukulitsidwanso. Zikhulupiriro zathu zikhoza kukhwima. Mphatso zathu zikhoza kukulitsidwa.
"Mulungu amadzaza munthu kwathunthu - malingaliro, mtima ndi thupi. Wodziwa, munthu, ndi Wodziwa, Mulungu, aphatikizane kukhala amodzi. Palibe Mmodzi kapena Winayo sakhala "chinthu" chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwawo". Mkhalidwe wa ubale wapakati pa Mulungu ndi munthu umapatula kutsutsa ndipo ndi kukhalapo mu chikhalidwe chake, kutanthauza kupezeka kwa Mulungu mwa munthu ndi munthu mwa Mulungu. Munthu amanyansidwa ndi chidetso ndi chivundi chake, koma ludzu limene amakhala nalo lofuna chikhululukiro-yanjanitsidwa ndi Mulungu ndi “chinthu chovuta kufotokoza kwa osadziwa” ndipo mosasamala kanthu za kuvutika kwake kwakukulu, kumadziwikanso ndi chisangalalo cha kuitana kwa Mulungu ndi kuwala kwa moyo watsopano. Zomwe zinachitikira m'madera ena - kudzoza kwaluso, kulingalira kwa filosofi, chidziwitso cha sayansi "nthawi zonse komanso mosapeŵeka za chikhalidwe chachibale", komanso chidziwitso cha kuwala konyenga kwa "mizimu ya njiru" kumamulola kunena kuti kubwerera kwake ku Kuwala koona. ndi kubweranso kwa “mwana wolowerera”, amene analandira chidziwitso chatsopano chokhudza munthu ndi kukhala ku dziko lakutali, koma sanapeze Choonadi kumeneko.
Mawu akuti "Orthodox psychotherapy" adayambitsidwa ndi Bishopu Hierotei Vlahos. M'buku lake lakuti "Illness and Healing of the Soul" akufufuza Orthodoxy ngati njira yochiritsira mwatsatanetsatane. Mawuwa sakutanthauza zochitika za anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la maganizo kapena neurosis. Malinga ndi mwambo wa Orthodox, Adamu atagwa, munthu amadwala, chifukwa chake (nous) chimadetsedwa ndipo wataya ubale wake ndi Mulungu. Imfa imalowa m'moyo wa munthu ndipo imayambitsa mavuto ambiri aumunthu, chikhalidwe, ngakhale chilengedwe. M’tsoka limeneli, munthu wochimwa amakhalabe ndi chifaniziro cha Mulungu mwa iye mwini, koma amataya kotheratu kufanana kwake ndi Iye, pamene unansi wake ndi Mulungu ukutha. Kusunthaku kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha kugwa kupita ku chikhalidwe chaumulungu kumatchedwa machiritso chifukwa kumakhudzana ndi kubwerera kwake kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chotsutsana ndi chilengedwe kupita ku chikhalidwe cha moyo ndi pamwamba pa chilengedwe. Mwa kumamatira ku chithandizo ndi machitidwe a Orthodox, monga momwe Atate Oyera amatiululira, munthu angathe kuchita bwino ndi malingaliro ake ndi zilakolako zake. Ngakhale kuti matenda amisala ndi minyewa amafunsidwa kuti athetse vuto la matenda, zamulungu za Orthodox zimasamalira milandu yozama yomwe imayambitsa. Psychotherapy ya Orthodox idzakhala yothandiza kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuthetsa mavuto omwe alipo; chifukwa cha iwo amene azindikira kuti kulingalira kwawo kwadetsedwa, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi ayenera kudzimasula okha ku nkhanza za zilakolako ndi maganizo awo, kuti apeze kuunika kwa maganizo awo mu chiyanjano ndi Mulungu.
Machiritso onsewa ndi machiritso kapena psychotherapy amagwirizana kwambiri ndi miyambo yolingalira ya Tchalitchi komanso moyo wake wosasamala ndipo zasungidwa m'malemba a "Kukoma Mtima", m'mabuku a abambo oyera a Tchalitchi ndipo makamaka mu chiphunzitso cha St. Gregory Palamas. Ndithudi palibe amene anganyalanyaze mfundo yakuti moyo wosinkhasinkha ndi wongopeka ndi moyo womwewo umene ungaonekere m’miyoyo ya aneneri ndi atumwi, monga momwe zalongosoledwera molondola m’malemba a Malemba Opatulika. Kuchokera apa n’zoonekeratu kuti moyo wosinkhasinkha kwenikweni ndiwo moyo wa ulaliki umene unalipo kumaiko a Kumadzulo usanalowe m’malo ndi zamulungu zamaphunziro. Ngakhale asayansi amakono a Kumadzulo amawona mfundo imeneyi. Mzimu waumunthu umafuna kukwanira ndi kukwanira, mtendere wamkati ndi bata. Mu chipwirikiti ndi zowawa za dziko lamakono, tiyenera kupeza njira ya machiritso imeneyi ndi kukhala monga atate oyera a Mpingo amatilangiza. Ndithudi Abambo Oyera anatsogolera akatswiri a maganizo amakono ndi akatswiri amisala. Munthu amaona zofooka zake zakuthupi pagalasi, ndi zoipa zake zauzimu mwa mnansi wake. Ngati munthu awona choyipa mwa mnansi wake, ndiye kuti cholakwikachi chimakhalanso mwa iye mwini. Timadziona mmenemo ngati pagalasi. Ngati nkhope ya wopenyayo ili yoyera, galasilo limakhala loyera. Galasi palokha sichidzatidetsa kapena kutiyeretsa, koma imangotipatsa mwayi wodziyang'ana tokha kudzera m'maso mwa ena.
Munthu wamakono, wotopa ndi wokhumudwitsidwa ndi unyinji wa mavuto omwe amamuvutitsa, amafuna mpumulo ndi doko. Chofunika kwambiri, amafunafuna chithandizo cha moyo wake kuchokera ku "kupsinjika maganizo" kosatha komwe amakhala. Kuti tifotokoze chifukwa chake, mafotokozedwe ambiri operekedwa ndi akatswiri amisala amapezeka m'magazi masiku ano. Psychotherapy makamaka ndiyofala. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zonsezi zisanakhale zosadziwika, tsopano ndizochitika zachilendo ndipo anthu ambiri amapita kwa akatswiri a maganizo kuti apeze chitonthozo ndi chitonthozo, zomwe zimatiwonetsanso kuti munthu wamakono amamva kuti akufunikira kuchiritsidwa kwa matenda osiyanasiyana a maganizo ndi thupi. Tchalitchi cha Orthodox ndi chipatala chomwe munthu aliyense wodwala komanso wovutika maganizo angathe kuchiritsidwa.
Malinga ndi Henri Bergson m'buku lakuti The Two Sources of Moral and Religion, dziko lapansi ndi ntchito ya Mulungu yolenga olenga kuti agwirizane ndi umunthu Wake, oyenera chikondi Chake. Kuwonjezera pa kudalitsa ndi kulemekeza Mulungu kaamba ka dziko lapansi, munthu alinso wokhoza kukonzanso ndi kusintha dziko, limodzinso ndi kulipatsa tanthauzo latsopano. M’mawu a Atate Dimitru Staniloe, “Munthu amaika chidindo cha kuzindikira kwake ndi ntchito yanzeru pa chilengedwe… Dziko lapansi si mphatso yokha, komanso ntchito ya munthu.” Maitanidwe athu ndi kugwirizana ndi Mulungu. Malinga ndi mawu a app. Paulo, ndife antchito anzake a Mulungu (1 Akorinto 3:9). Munthu si nyama yoganiza komanso ya Ukaristia (yothokoza), komanso ndi nyama yolenga. Mfundo yakuti munthu analengedwa m’chifanizo cha Mulungu ikutanthauza kuti iyenso ndi Mlengi m’chifanizo cha Mulungu. Munthu amakwaniritsa ntchito yolenga imeneyi osati mwa mphamvu yankhanza, koma kudzera mu chiyero cha masomphenya ake auzimu; ntchito yake sikulamulira chilengedwe ndi mphamvu zopanda pake, koma kuchisintha ndi kuchiyeretsa. Odala Augustine ndi Thomas Aquinas adalimbikitsanso kuti mzimu uliwonse uli ndi kuthekera kwachilengedwe kolandira chisomo. Ndendende chifukwa chakuti iye analengedwa m’chifanizo cha Mulungu, iye ali wokhoza kulandira Mulungu kupyolera mu chisomo. Monga momwe Albert Einstein ananenera moyenerera, “Vuto lenileni lili m’mitima ndi m’maganizo a anthu. Ili si vuto la physics, koma la chikhalidwe. Nkosavuta kuyeretsa plutonium kuposa mzimu woipa wa munthu.
M’njira zosiyanasiyana—kupyolera mu kukonza kwa oseŵera, mwa luso la mbuye wake, mwa kulemba mabuku, kupyolera mu kujambula zithunzi—munthu amapereka mawu ku zinthu zakuthupi ndi kupanga zolengedwa kukhala zokhoza kulankhula kaamba ka ulemerero wa Mulungu. N’zochititsa chidwi kuti ntchito yoyamba ya Adamu wongolengedwa kumene inali kutchula nyama mayina (Gen. 2:18-20). Kudzipatsa dzina lokha ndi ntchito yolenga: mpaka titapeza dzina la chinthu chodziwika kapena chidziwitso-mawu ofunikira osonyeza chikhalidwe chake chofunikira-sitingayambe kulimvetsa ndikuligwiritsa ntchito. Ndizofunikanso kuti pamene tipereka zipatso za dziko lapansi kwa Mulungu mu liturgy, sitizipereka mu mawonekedwe awo oyambirira, koma kusandulika ndi manja a anthu: timapereka ku guwa osati ngala za tirigu, koma zidutswa za mkate. , osati mphesa, koma vinyo.
Chotero, mwa mphamvu yake yopereka chiyamiko ndi kubwezera zolengedwa kwa Mulungu, munthu ndiye wansembe wa chilengedwe; ndipo mwa mphamvu yake kupanga ndi kupereka mawonekedwe, kulumikiza ndi kulekanitsa, ndi mfumu ya chilengedwe. Udindo uwu waulamuliro wa munthu wafotokozedwa bwino lomwe ndi St. Leontius wa ku Cyprus: "Kupyolera mu miyamba, dziko lapansi ndi nyanja, kupyolera mumitengo ndi mwala, kupyolera mu chilengedwe chonse, chowoneka ndi chosawoneka, ndimapereka ulemu, ndikupembedza Mulungu. Mlengi, Ambuye ndi Mlengi wa zonse; pakuti zolengedwa sizipembedza Mlengi wake molunjika ndi kupyolera mwa izo zokha, koma kupyolera mwa ine thambo limalengeza ulemerero wa Mulungu ndipo kupyolera mwa ine mwezi umalemekeza Mulungu, kupyolera mwa ine nyenyezi zimalemekeza Iye, kupyolera mwa ine madzi, madontho a mvula, mame ndi zonse. zolengedwa zimalemekeza Mulungu ndipo Iye amapereka ulemerero.
Source: "Ubwino kwa onse", comp. Gramatikov, Petar, Petar Neychev. Mkonzi. Business Agency (ISBN 978-954-9392-27-7), Plovdiv, 2009, pp. 71-82 (mu Bulgarian).
