The 18th European Congress of Psychology e kopane Brighton pakeng tsa 3 le 6 July 2023. Sehlooho se akaretsang e ne e le 'Ho kopanya lichaba bakeng sa lefatše le tsitsitseng'. British Psychological Society (BPS), ka Sehlopha sa eona sa Challenging Histories Group, e ile ea tšoara simposiamo e neng e hlahloba matlotlo a eugenics ho psychology, nakong e fetileng le hona joale.
Symposium ho European Congress of Psychology
Simposiamo e ne e kenyelletsa puo e tsoang ho Moprofesa Marius Turda, Univesithi ea Oxford Brookes, mabapi le kamano pakeng tsa eugenics, psychology, le dehumanisation. Sena se ile sa lateloa ke lipampiri tse ling tse peli, e 'ngoe ke Nazlin Bhimani (UCL Institute of Education) ea neng a tsepamisitse maikutlo ho lefa la eugenic thutong ea Borithane,' me e 'ngoe, ke Lisa Edwards, eo lelapa la hae le neng le phetse boiphihlelo ba litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea kelello Brithani tse joalo. joalo ka Rainhill Asylum.
"Lena ke lekhetlo la pele hore simposiamo e mabapi le li-eugenics e tšoareloe kopanong ea machaba ea thuto ea kelello 'me BPS Challenging Histories Group e thusitse ho etsa hore sena se etsahale," Moprofesa Marius Turda o ile a bolella. The European Times.
Pontšo mabapi le Lefa la Eugenics
Simposiamo e ile ea fumana khothatso ho tsoa pontšong "Ha re Ba bang" Lefa la Eugenics. Pontšo ena e ne e laoloa ke Moprofesa Marius Turda.
The pontšo e ile ea hlalosa hore “maikemisetso a eugenics ke ho ‘ntlafatsa’ ‘boleng’ ba liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa batho ka ho laola ho ikatisa le, maemong a eona a feteletseng, ka ho felisa ba nkoang ke litsebi tsa eugenics e le ‘ba tlaase’.”
Eugenics e ile ea ntlafala qalong Brithani le United States lekholong la leshome le metso e robong la lilemo, empa e ile ea fetoha mokhatlo o nang le tšusumetso lefatšeng ka bophara ka bo-1920. Li-Eugenist li ne li shebane le batho ba lihlotšoana tsa bolumeli, merabe, le tsa thobalano, le ba phelang le bokooa, e leng se lebisang ho koaloeng seleng ea bona le ho thibela bana. Jeremane ea Bonazi, likhopolo tsa eugenic tsa ntlafatso ea morabe li ile tsa kenya letsoho ka ho toba polaong ea batho ba bangata le Polao e Sehlōhō.
Mop Marius Turda o hlalositse hore “Victorian polymath, Francis Galton, e bile motho oa pele oa ho ntšetsa pele likhopolo tsa eugenics ka har’a saekholoji hammoho le ho ba motho ea ka sehloohong ntlafatsong ea lefapha joalo ka thuto ea mahlale. Tšusumetso ea hae ho litsebi tsa kelello tsa Amerika le Brithani tse kang James McKeen Cattell, Lewis Terman, Granville Stanley Hall, William McDougall, Charles Spearman le Cyril Burt e ne e le ea bohlokoa.
"Sepheo sa ka e ne e le ho beha lefa la Galton moelelong oa eona oa nalane, le ho fana ka puisano ea kamoo saekholoji le litsebi tsa kelello li kentseng letsoho pholisong e mpe ea batho ba nang le bokooa ba kelello. Leano la ka e ne e le ho khothaletsa litsebi tsa kelello ho amohela khethollo le tlhekefetso e khothalletsoang ke li-eugenics, eseng hobane mehopolo ea tlhekefetso ena e ntse e le teng kajeno," Moprofesa Marius Turda o ile a bolella. The European Times.
Eugenics le Psychology
Tsepamiso ea maikutlo holim'a lefa la eugenics ho European Congress of Psychology e ne e le nakong ebile e amoheloa. Ha ho bohlokoa haholo ho nahana hore lithuto tsa mahlale tse kang psychology e bile lebaka la bohlokoa leo likhang tse joalo li ileng tsa ajoa le ho amoheloa. Leha ho le joalo, ka lilemo tse ngata sena se ne se e-s'o tobane le hona kapa hona ho lemohuoa. Histori ea mathata ea li-eugenics hammoho le boteng ba eona bo ntseng bo tsoela pele ka puo ea kajeno, 'me maemong a mang, litloaelo li bonoa likhang tse mabapi le lefutso, khetho ea sechaba, le bohlale.
Boitseanape ba saense bo fanoeng ke litsebi tsa kelello bo ile ba sebelisetsoa ho khesa, ho khella fatše le ho nyenyefatsa batho bao bophelo ba bona ba neng ba bo laola le ho ba hlokomela. Batho bana ba neng ba bonoa ba emetse batho ba fapaneng, ba sa tsebeng letho, ba ne ba lokela ho hlongoa 'likolong tse khethehileng' le 'likolone' 'me ba be tlas'a mananeo a khethehileng a thuto.
Hantle-ntle joale re lokela ho aha sethala sa boithuto bo tsitsitseng ba setheo le lipuisano tsa peo har'a litsebi tsa kelello, tse nang le litlamorao tse kholo bakeng sa taeo ka boeona, moprofesa Marius Turda o bontšitse.
Ha sechaba sa mahlale se ntse se bona ho qaleha hoa bohlokoa ba puo ea eugenic ka 2020, kamora polao ea George Floyd mme ka ho qaleha ha seoa sa Covid-19, ho hlakile hore re tlameha ho theha mekhoa e mecha ea ho nahana le ho sebelisa kelello, haeba re batla ho etsa joalo. kopana le diphephetso tse abelaneng tseo re tobaneng le tsona, ka bomong le ka kopanelo hammoho le naha le lefatshe ka bophara.
Motsamaisi oa Litlaleho oa British Psychological Society (BPS), Sophie O'Reilly o itse “Re thabile haholo ho hlahisa simposiamo ena ho European Congress of Psychology ka sehlooho se ntseng se na le litlamorao tse fapaneng le kajeno. Hape hammoho le ho fana ka tlaleho ea histori ea kamano e teng pakeng tsa kelello le li-eugenics, pale ea phihlelo ea lelapa ea lilemo tse fetang lekholo la ho hlophisoa le ho khesoa e tla ba ea bohlokoa ho totobatsa liphello tsena. "
Ngaka Roz Collings, Modulasetulo wa Komiti ya Boitshwaro ya British Psychological Society's Ethics o ile a re: "Psychology e na le nalane e lefifi, eo mohlomong e neng e eso ka e phephetswa pele.
Ngaka Roz Collings o bontšitse hore, "Simposiamo sena se susumetsang mohopolo le se khothatsang se ile sa lumella batho ka bomong mahlo a bona mme ba qala ho botsa lipotso. Simposiamo ena e bile teng ka lipuisano tse phetseng hantle le lipotso tse totobatsang likelello tse bohelehele le tse bohelehele tsa litsebi tsa kelello tse tsoang lefatšeng ka bophara. ”
O boetse a re: "Ho bohlokoa ho nahanisisa, ho e-na le ho lebala, le ho tsoelapele ho ea pele thutong ea kelello ho phephetsa bokamoso bofe kapa bofe bo thata bo ka larileng ka pele. Simposiamo ena e ile ea fa ba bangata monyetla oa ho etsa joalo.”
E mong ea neng a le teng, moprofesa John Oates, Molula-setulo oa British Psychological Society's Media Ethics Advisory Group, le setho sa Komiti ea Boitšoaro ea BPS, o hlalositse: 'E le karolo ea mosebetsi oa rona oa ho batlisisa likarolo tse tšoenyang tsa mosebetsi oa litsebi tsa kelello tsa nakong e fetileng, British Psychological Society Challenging. Histories Group e thabetse hore ebe e khonne ho sebetsa haufi-ufi le Moprofesa Turda ho hlophisa simposiamo ena.
Moprofesa John Oates o ile a eketsa, "Ho ne ho thabisa eseng feela ho ba le bamameli ba boholo bo lekaneng, empa hape le ho ba le bamameli ba kopanelang lipuong tsa rona le mehala ea rona ea ho nka khato. Tšepo ea rona ke hore re se re qalile moqoqo o tla hasana le ho thusa ho loantša lefa le sa feleng la likhopolo tsa eugenic tse ntseng li ama lipuo tsa phatlalatsa le tsa lekunutu. ”
Sireletsa litokelo tsa botho
Tony Wainwright, setsebi sa kelello sa bongaka ebile e le setho sa BPS Climate Environment Action Coordinating Group, o ile a bonahatsa ka tsela ena: “E bile thabo e khōlō ’me ka nako e tšoanang e ile ea nyarosa ho ba le seabo simposiamong sa ‘The Legacy of Eugenics Nakong e Fetileng le Present'.
“Tsela e ileng ea nyaroha e ne e le ho hopotsoa ka seabo sa nako e fetileng sa kelello ho thehoeng ha likhopolo tse kotsi tse thehileng khethollo ea morabe le khethollo. Puo ea rona e na le maikutlo a lihlopha tsa kelello - tse seng li sebelisoa e le mahlapa - "moron", "idiot"," Tony Wainwright o hlalositse.
O boetse a re, "Phihlelo e phelang ea lelapa la hae eo e mong oa libui, Lisa Edwards, a e tlisitseng kopanong e bonts'itse hore na sena e ne e se taba ea thuto joang empa e bile le litlamorao tse bohloko."
Tony Wainwright o ile a qetella a hlokometse, "Thabo e tlile ka ho tšepa hore ho hopola nako e fetileng ho tla kenya batho liketsong tsa kajeno ha lefa lena le ntse le phela. Re nakong eo litokelo tsa botho li leng kotsing likarolong tse ngata tsa lefatše, ’me re tšepa hore litšebelisano tse kang tsena li tla matlafatsa boiteko ba rōna ba ho sireletsa litokelo tsa botho hohle moo re ka khonang.”
Moketeng oa congress BPS e boetse e bonts'a likarolo tsa pontšo ea 'Ha re Rone: Lifate tsa Eugenics', e hlophisitsoeng ke Moprofesa Marius Turda. Liphanele tsa lipontšo li ka bonoa mona:
https://www.bps.org.uk/history-psychology-centre/exhibition-we-are-not-alone-legacies-eugenics
Pontšo e felletseng e ka shejoa mona:
Habohlokoa, pontšo e ne e boetse e hlahisoa khatisong ea lehlabula ea The Psychologist, e neng e lokiselitsoe congress.
