Re u tsebisa lentsoe pyrolysis le hore na ts'ebetso ena e ama bophelo le tlhaho ea batho joang.
Tyre pyrolysis ke ts'ebetso e sebelisang mocheso o phahameng le ho ba sieo ha oksijene ho pshatla lithaere hore e be lihlahisoa tsa khabone, metsi le khase. Ts'ebetso ena hangata e etsoa litsing tse ikhethileng tse bitsoang limela tsa pyrolysis.
Khopolo ea motheo ea tire pyrolysis ke ho fetola thepa ea rabara hore e be lihlahisoa tsa bohlokoa, tse kang carbon, mafura a metsi (pyrolytic oil) le likhase.
Tlas'a maemo afe kapa afe semela sa pyrolysis se lokela ho buloa ka har'a meeli ea toropo. Semela sa tire pyrolysis ka sebele se tla baka kotsi bophelong ba batho. Likotsi ha li fokotsehe, 'me ntho leha e le efe e behang bophelo bo botle ba batho ba teropong kotsing ke papali ea chelete eo re sa lokelang ho e nka. Kotsi e tlisoa ke mesi e tsoang ho kenngoeng mme likotsi tse kholo ke tse peli - ho bophelo bo botle ba batho le tikolohong ea tikoloho.
LITŠOANTŠISO TSE HLOMANG KA NAKO EA PYROLYSIS EA MATIRI
A re boneng hore na ke eng le hore na li ama joang.
Lintho tse nang le khase tse tsoang semeleng sa thaere pyrolysis ke:
• CH₄ – Methane
• C₂H₄ – Ethylene
• C₂H₆ – Ethane
• C₃H₈ – Propane
• CO – Carbon monoxide (Carbon monoxide)
• CO₂ – Carbon dioxide (Carbon Dioxide)
• H₂S - Hydrogen Sulfidi
Mohloli - https://www.wastetireoil.com/Pyrolysis_faq/Pyrolysis_Plant/can_the_exhaust_gas_from_waste_tire_pyrolysis_plant_be_recycled_1555.html#
Lintho tse 1-4 li khutlisetsoa ho chesoa ka har'a mochini, e leng se etsang hore ts'ebetso ea pyrolysis e be matla.
Leha ho le joalo, H₂S, CO, le CO₂ - hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, le carbon dioxide ha li chese 'me li lokolloa sepakapakeng.
TŠUSUMETSO EA LITŠOANTŠISO TSE KOTSI HO BATHO
Mona ke kamoo li amang kateng:
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
Ke 1% feela ea sebabole sa thaere e fumanoang ka har'a mokelikeli oa pyrolysis, e setseng e lokolloa sepakapakeng e le hydrogen sulphide.
Mohloli - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165237000000917
Hydrogen sulfide ke e 'ngoe ea likhase tse tsebahalang haholo tse chefo bophelong ba batho. Ke khase e sebetsang ka potlako e feteletseng, e chefo haholo, e se nang 'mala e nang le monko oa mahe a bolileng. Maemong a tlase, hydrogen sulfide e baka ho teneha ha mahlo, nko le 'metso. Maemo a itekanetseng a ka baka hlooho, ho tsekela, ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa, hammoho le ho khohlela le ho hema ka thata. Maemo a phahameng a ka baka ho tšoha, ho ferekana, koma le lefu. Ka kakaretso, ha ho pepeseha ho matla haholoanyane, matšoao a matla le ho feta.
Source – https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=385&toxid=67#:~:text=At%20low%20levels%2C%20hydrogen%20sulfide,convulsions%2C%20coma%2C %20and%20death.
Hape, ho phaella bophelong bo botle ba batho, e boetse e ama tikoloho. Hydrogen sulfide, e kenang sepakapakeng, kapele e fetoha sulfuric acid (H2SO4), eo ka lebaka leo e bakang pula ea asiti.
Mohloli- http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~qq002439/aferraro_sulphcycle.pdf
Ha ho pelaelo hore ha rea lokela ho nka khato leha e le efe e ka eketsang tekanyo ea khase ena e chefo haufi le moo re lulang teng.
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Carbon monoxide ke khase e ’ngoe e chefo eo le rōna re sa e batleng ho hang ka malapeng a rōna.
E ama bophelo bo botle ka karabelo ea eona le hemoglobin maling. Hemoglobin ke motsoako o fanang ka lisele ka oksijene. Kamano ea haemoglobin e phahame ka makhetlo a 200 bakeng sa CO ho feta bakeng sa oksijene, kahoo e nkela oksijene maling a seng a ntse a le maemong a tlaase, e leng se lebisang ho khangoa ke selefouno.
Liphello bophelong ba batho li fapane. Maemong a phahameng haholo, khase ena e ka baka stroke, tahlehelo ea kelello le lefu la likarolo tsa boko le motho ka boeena. Maemong a tlase, ho na le litlamorao tse bobebe tsa boitšoaro, mohlala, ho se sebetse hantle ha thuto, ho fokotseha hoa ho falimeha, ho se sebetse hantle ha mesebetsi e rarahaneng, nako e eketsehileng ea ho arabela. Matšoao ana a boetse a hlaha maemong a tlhaho tikolohong e tloaelehileng ea litoropo haufi le mateano a litsela. Liphello tse itseng tsamaisong ea pelo le methapo li boetse li hlokomeloa.
Carbon dioxide e (CO2)
Carbon dioxide, ntle le khase e futhumatsang lefatše, ke khase e 'ngoe hape e nang le likotsi tse ngata tsa bophelo bo botle ka bongata bo phahameng.
Mohloli - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0323-1
Lisebelisoa tse boima
Pyrolysis mochesong o ka holimo ho 700 °C e fetola litšepe tse boima tse kang Pb le Cd (loto le cadmium) ho tloha ho metsi ho ea ho boemo ba gaseous.
Source – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7831513/#:~:text=It%20is%20known%20that%20Cd,heavy%20metals%20Cd%20and%20Pb.
Kotsi ea tsona ’meleng oa motho e ’nile ea ngoloa hohle ka lilemo tse ngata ’me e hlakile ho saense.
loto
Chefo ea loto e ka baka mathata a ho ikatisa ho banna le basali, khatello e phahameng ea mali, lefu la liphio, mathata a tšilo ea lijo, mathata a methapo ea kutlo, mathata a ho hopola le ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ho fokotseha ka kakaretso ho IQ, le bohloko ba mesifa le manonyeletso. Hape ho na le bopaki ba hore ho pepeseha ha loto ho ka lebisa mofetšeng ho batho ba baholo.
Source – https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/lead-and-health#:~:text=Lead%20poisoning%20can%20cause%20reproductive,result%20in%20cancer%20in%20adults.
Cadmium
Cadmium e baka demineralization le ho fokolisa masapo, e fokotsa tšebetso ea matšoafo 'me e ka baka mofetše oa matšoafo.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19106447/#:~:text=Cd%20can%20also%20cause%20bone,the%20risk%20of%20lung%20cancer.
Har'a tse tšeletseng tse silafatsang ka ho fetisisa tikolohong, tire pyrolysis e hlahisa tse 4 tsa tsona. Ke lead, carbon monoxide, likaroloana tsa lerōle le lesesaane, le hydrogen sulfide. Ke ozone feela le nitrogen dioxide e sa hlahisoang.
Mohloli - https://www.in.gov/idem/files/factsheet_oaq_criteria_pb.pdf
QETELLO
Pyrolysis ke mokhoa o kotsi o sa lokelang ho lumelloa haufi le libaka tsa bolulo. Lingoliloeng tse ngata li ka fumanoa inthaneteng tse hlalosang ts'ebetso ena e le 'e se nang kotsi ebile e se na tikoloho', empa kaofela ha eona e ngotsoe ke lik'hamphani tse rekisang thepa ka botsona. E boetse e hlalosoa e le khetho e molemo, ho e-na le ho chesa lithaere sebakeng se bulehileng. Ena ke papiso e sa utloahaleng, kaha ho na le mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea ho sebelisa lithaere hape. Ka mohlala, ho li khaola le ho li sebelisa e le sebaka se holim'a tikoloho ea litoropo (bakeng sa libaka tsa lipapali, lirapeng tsa boikhathollo, joalo-joalo), hammoho le li ka kenngoa ho sekontiri.
Pyrolysis e hlahisa ka ho hlaka mesi e lebisang kotsi bophelong ba batho le tikolohong. Ho sa tsotellehe hore na liphello tsa eona li fokotsehile hakae, ho sa tsotellehe boemo leha e le bofe ha lia lokela ho lumelloa ho etsoa haufi le libaka tsa bolulo, ho sa bue letho ka bohareng ba motse, ho latela mohlala oa linaha tse silafetseng haholo tse kang India le Pakistan.
