Kubekho uphuhliso olubonakalayo kwityala leMuslim Brotherhood, nto leyo ethe yadiza umkhwa wombutho wokwahlukana ngokusemthethweni ube ngamacala amabini, kwaye umphambili ngamnye unewebhusayithi esemthethweni kunye namaqonga eendaba. Eyokuqala yi-Mahmoud Hussein Front, kunye neenkokheli ze-General Shura Council, e-Istanbul, eTurkey, kwaye okwesibini yi-Ibrahim Munir Front, kunye namalungu ombutho wezizwe ngezizwe, ozinze kwikomkhulu laseBritani, iLondon.
Ngaba uBuzalwana buqhekeka ngokusemthethweni?
I-Istanbul Front ibhengeze iintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ukuba i-Brotherhood imelwe yi-General Shura Council, ethatha amanyathelo ahambelanayo kwizigqibo malunga nesikhundla sesekela-sikhokelo kunye nomntu ophethe umsebenzi wakhe, egxininisa ukuba ayikhathazeki ngayo nayiphi na into. isigqibo okanye inkqubo echaseneyo, kwaye iMunir Front ithathe izigqibo ezinobundlobongela ukugxotha, ukukhenkceza, ukubekelwa bucala, ukwahlula kunye nokususa amagunya kunye noxanduva lweenkokeli (51) ezithembekileyo kwi-Hussein Front kunye nabo banoxanduva lwezinto ze-Muslim Brotherhood, amashishini. kunye notyalo-mali eTurkey, njengoko kuxelwe yi-Al Arabiya channel.
I-Istanbul Front ibhengeza ukuba i-Brotherhood imelwe yi-General Shura Council, ethatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukugqiba izigqibo malunga nesithuba sesekela lenkokeli kunye nommeli wakhe.
Izigqibo zikaMunir zibandakanya ukuhoywa, ukugxothwa kunye nokukhenkciswa (15) Ubuzalwana bamaSilamsi iinkokeli ezivela kwicandelo elithi "Shirin Evler" eTurkey, ukunyanzeliswa (8) iinkokeli ze-Muslim Brotherhood zaseYiputa ezijongene necandelo elithi "Bashak Shahir" ukukhutshwa ngaphandle (12) amagosa eqela le-General Shura Council, kunye nokunqunyanyiswa kwamalungelo emali. (9) abazalwana becandelo elithi “Beylikdüzü”, ababechitha iirenti zabo kunye nemali yokufunda, nezilumkiso zanikwa (8) iiNkokeli zoBuzalwana zecandelo “leBağcılar”.
I-Munir Front ithatha izigqibo ezinobundlobongela ukugxotha, ukukhenkceza, ukujongela phantsi, ukwahlula kunye nokususa amagunya kunye noxanduva lweenkokeli ezingama-51 ezithembekileyo kwi-Hussein Front.
Oku, kwaye emva kokuba iqela le-Istanbul elikhokelwa ngu-Mahmoud Hussein lithathe ulawulo lwewebhusayithi esemthethweni yeqela elithi "Abazalwana abakwi-Intanethi" kunye neendaba kunye namaqonga e-elektroniki, i-Munir Front yasungula ezinye iiplatifomu zewebhusayithi, ezinye zazo zinegama elifanayo. I-Munir Front ithathe ulawulo lwewebhusayithi ye-"Brothers Online", ichaza ukuba iyona webhusayithi esemthethweni kunye neyodwa yeqela, kwaye ikhuthaze ezinye zeenkokheli zayo ezithembekileyo ukuba zixhase ngemali ezinye iiplatifomu zeendaba, egameni lamaqonga adityaniswa ne-Mahmoud. I-Hussein Front ngokwayo, njengeqonga elithi "Qinisekisa iYiputa" ye-Istanbul-based Front kunye nosasazo oluvela eNetherlands, apho inkokeli, uMuhammad al-Aqeed, okhuphe ividiyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, wayigxeka imisebenzi yeqela likaHussein, kwaye iveze utyalo-mali lweqela eSomalia nase-Afrika, kunye nokungcatshwa kweenkokeli ukuxhasa eli qonga lilolunye igama elifanayo.
Kulo mxholo, u-Adham Hassanein, inkokeli ye-Muslim Brotherhood ethembekileyo kwi-Istanbul Front kunye nomhleli-oyintloko weqonga elithi "Qinisekisa iYiputa", ukhuphe ividiyo esongela inkokeli, u-Muhammad al-Aqeed, emtyhola ngobuqhetseba beqela. . kunye nabanye baseTurkey kunye namazwe aseGulf ngokuphindisela ngenjongo yakhe yokuqalisa enye iqonga .
I-Munir Front isungula amanye amaqonga eendaba kunye neewebhusayithi, ezinye zinamagama abo balawulwa nguMahmoud Hussein ngokwakhe.
Ukongeza kwilinge lakhe lokunyanzelisa ulawulo lwakhe kwiintambo zeqela, u-Ibrahim Munir wagqiba ekubeni abele uGqr. Abdel Moneim Al-Barbari ukuba abe yintloko yeqela lamalungu e-Muslim Brotherhood ahlangene neLondon Front, eya kuqokelela idatha kunye nolwazi kwizinto kunye neenkokheli. unyanisekile kwi-Istanbul Front kwaye wayinikezela ngokwakhe ku-Ibrahim Munir, ukuze athathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ngokuchasene nayo.
Iyintoni imvelaphi yoBuzalwana bamaSilamsi?
I-Muslim Brotherhood yazalwa ngo-1928 eYiputa, e-Ismailia, kumntla-mpuma weCairo, kunxweme lweSuez Canal. Yasekwa nguSheikh Hassan Al-Banna, umbutho wamaSunni kunye nohlaziyo wazibekela iinjongo ezimbini ezichanekileyo: ukukhulula ilizwe kwidyokhwe yaseBritane, kunye nokuthatha amandla kwiJiphutha eyayiphinde yagcwala iinqobo zamaSilamsi.
Ubuzalwana babangela ukuthandwa kwabo ngokuququzelela imisebenzi yesisa nentlalontle, ngenjongo yokubhenela kubasebenzi nabakumgangatho ophakathi. Le nkqubo inika ukuzingca kwendawo inkolo, ngenxa yentshukumo yemfundo eyaziwayo, eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuvuselelwa kwamaSilamsi. Utyalo-mali oluphambili emehlweni ka-Hassan Al-Banna, utitshala ngoqeqesho.
Ubuzalwana bamaMuslim eYurophu
In iYurophu ukususela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1950, baqalisa ukwenza ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo kumazwe athile aseNtshona, njengeGreat Britain, ekuqaleni kuka-1963. Ukungabikho kokusesikweni kwamanye amagunya, ngakumbi ngexesha lamaSilamsi owayesakuba ngumongameli waseYiphutha uGamal Abdel Nasser eYiphutha. Kwaye le ntshukumo yafudukela eYurophu kunye naba bantu, kwaye yenziwe kwaye ilayishwe zonke iimpawu eyayinazo kwiMpuma yamaSilamsi, kwaye yakhula kunye neengqondi ezifanayo, imikhosi, i-kinetic, imibutho, njl njl. Iqela linombutho omkhulu wombutho. amandla kunye nobuchule obumangalisayo bezemali obuvumele ukuba bakhe uthungelwano olukhulu lweenkonzo zentlalo kunye nezonqulo eYurophu kwiminyaka elishumi.
Isigqibo sikaMongameli waseYiputa uGamal Abdel Nasser sokuchitha eli qela bekufanele ukuba ikhokelele ekuqhekekeni nasekuphelisweni kokugqibela, kodwa imiqondiso yentshukumo ibe nempumelelo ephawulekayo ekuhleleni kwakhona nasekulungiseni intshukumo kunye neembaxa ezimbini eziphambili, ezizezi, iSaudi kunye neYurophu. axis, kwaye bakwazile ukwenza amandla ezopolitiko anefuthe kumacala omabini.
Ubukho bamaSilamsi eYurophu ngexesha lesigqibo sokulichitha iqela ngo-1954 alizange libonakaliswe ngamandla okanye unxibelelwano, njengoko amaSilamsi eJamani, umzekelo, ayeneemosikiti ezimbini kuphela ezahlulwe yimigama emide, enye eHamburg kwaye enye eBerlin. . Ngokuncipha kwamaza ama-impiriyali ekuqaleni kwesiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20 kunye nokukhululwa kwamazwe amaninzi amaSilamsi kubukoloniyali baseNtshona, iNtshona yabhenela ekuqesheni ama-Arabhu namaSilamsi ngendlela entsha, ngokuhambelana nendalo. Lo mboniso, ngokuwavuselela kwimfazwe yawo yehlabathi echasene nobukomanisi bexesha, eyavumela amaza okufuduka kwama-Arabhu namaSilamsi, ngokulandelelanayo, ukuya kumanxweme aseNtshona kuyo yonke indawo.
Ngelo xesha, uGerhard von Mende, owayechithe iminyaka yeMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini njengoMphathiswa wePhondo laseMpuma elithathiweyo phantsi kweReich, emva koko waguqukela kubukrelekrele, waqesha amaSilamsi awayesilwa kuluhlu loMkhosi oBomvu waza wabanjwa. Iinkampu zamaNazi, ngamanye amaxesha bebasongela ngokufa kwaye bethembisa ukukhulula amazwe abo, ngamanye amaxesha ayewela phantsi kolawulo lweSoviet. Ukwenzela ukusondela kwaba bathengi batsha, uMenda wakha i-mosque kwisixeko saseMunich waza waseka umbutho osemthethweni owenziwe ngamalungu oluntu lwamaSilamsi esixeko ukuze enze lo msebenzi.
Ukuqikelelwa kokwakhiwa kwe-Islamic yangoku edibeneyo kunye nelungelelanisiweyo eYurophu ngokoyisa ukungafani kobuhlanga kunye neengcamango phakathi kwezinto zayo zaqala kwiNkomfa yaseLondon ngo-1973, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwe-mosque yaseMunich, apho inani labaphembeleli liququzelele intlanganiso enkulu. kwiholo yeqonga yaseLondon equka inani leemifanekiso zamaSilamsi ngelo xesha, ezinje ngoGhaleb Hemmat, owayenyulwe njengentloko yoMbutho wamaSilamsi aseMazantsi eJamani (igama elitsha elisemthethweni leMunich Mosque), kunye noKhurshid Ahmed, omnye waMaSilamsi. imifanekiso yeQela lamaSilamsi ePakistan, isebe laseMzantsi Asia le-Muslim Brotherhood, kunye nabanye.
Nangona intlanganiso ayizange ivelise iziphumo ezithe ngqo, yayilinyathelo lokuqala lokuhlanganisa amaSilamsi. Kwiminyaka emine kamva, enye intlanganiso ebalulekileyo kwimbali yoBuzalwane yenzeka ngo-1977 kwindawo yaseSwitzerland yaseLugano.
Intlanganiso yaphawulwa kubukho beqela lamanani abalaseleyo e-Muslim Brotherhood kunye nabaphembeleli bamaSilamsi, abanjengoGhaleb Hemmat kunye noYoussef Nada, omnye wemiqondiso yeMosque yaseMunich, uSheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, umphandi u-Ian Johnson amchaza njengo Uyise wokomoya weqela, kunye no-Ismail Al-Farouqi, i-theory kunye nongqondongqondo omkhulu wamaSilamsi kunye nabanye. Le ntlanganiso yaba lilitye lembombo lokuqala ekwakhiweni ngokutsha kwesakhiwo soBuzalwane esasitshatyalalisiwe phantsi kobunzima bemihlakulo yobuzwilakhe nengcinezelo yamaNasserist.
Ekuqaleni kwee-1990 zenkulungwane edlulileyo, inani lemibutho yamaSilamsi kunye namaqumrhu asekwa kwilizwekazi laseYurophu, njengeBrussels-based Federation of Islamic Organisations eYurophu, enenjongo yokumanyanisa kunye nokulungelelanisa amaqela amaMuslim Brotherhood kumazwe angaphezu kwamashumi amabini. , IBhunga laseYurophu elisekelwe eDublin leFatwas kunye noPhando, elijongene nokukhupha i-fatwas kwimiba enxulumene nabancinci bamaSilamsi eYurophu, kunye ne-European Institute for Humanities, eyenza umsebenzi wokuqeqesha ii-imam kwiiyunivesithi ezintathu zaseFransi naseWales, kunye neqela lamaqumrhu ezoqoqosho axhomekeke ekuboneleleni ngemali evela kwiGulf ukuya kwimibutho ehambelana noBuzalwane kunye nokunyakaza ukuze kwandiswe imisebenzi yokwakha i-mosque kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Umahluko kuphela phakathi kwe-Muslim Brotherhood kwilizwe lama-Arabhu kunye neNtshona kukuba umbutho wamaMuslim Brotherhood eNtshona usebenza njengeqela elimele iqaqobana lonqulo, kwaye ke injongo yalo ayibhekiswanga kwi-Islamization yoluntu.
I-Muslim Brotherhood inobunyani bezopolitiko kunye nengqiqo, evumela ukuba baqonde uhlobo loluntu abasebenza kulo kunye nohlobo lomsebenzi okhoyo. Mhlawumbi ukuziphatha kweqela ngoxolo kunye nokugxila kwiingxaki zentlalo, inkcubeko, imfundo, imidlalo, kunye nenkolo yoluntu lwamaSilamsi eNtshona incede oorhulumente ukuba babone uBuzalwane bamaSilamsi njengenye indlela ephakathi kweminye imisinga yeSalafi-jihadist ...
Inqaku lokuqala kwisifrentshi Apha (inguqulelo ayiqinisekiswanga)
Ifoto ngu UMarkus Winkler on Unsplash
