URuslan Khalikov uyingcali kwizifundo zonqulo, ilungu leBhodi ye-Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion, kwaye usebenza kwiprojekthi yokubhala imiphumo yemfazwe yonqulo oluninzi e-Ukraine, mhlawumbi kwimimandla ehlala kuyo okanye kwezinye iindawo. yelizwe. Yena kunye noogxa bakhe babhala inani elikhulu lokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo zonqulo kunye nezakhiwo ukususela ekuqaleni kwemfazwe. Siye safumana ithuba lokuthetha naye ngokufutshane kwaye sambuza imibuzo embalwa:
1. Ngaba ungayichaza ngokufutshane iprojekthi yakho yophando?
Iphulo lethu elithi “Unqulo Luyatsha: Ukubhala Ulwaphulo-mthetho Lwemfazwe lwaseRashiya Nxamnye Noluntu Lonqulo EUkraine” lwaqaliswa njengempendulo kuhlaselo olupheleleyo lweRashiya eUkraine. NgoMatshi 2022 umbutho wethu, Ucweyo lweSifundo seziFundo seeNkolo, yaqalisa iprojekthi, kwaye kwasekuqaleni yayixhaswa yi Inkonzo kaRhulumente yaseUkraine ye-Ethnopolitics kunye neNkululeko yesazela kwaye i INkongolo yoBuzwe baseUkraine. Kamva, iprojekthi yafumana inkxaso kwi Iziko laMazwe ngaMazwe loMthetho kunye neZifundo zeNkolo (I-USA).
Lo msebenzi unenjongo yokurekhoda nokubhala umonakalo owenziwe zizakhiwo zonqulo ngenxa yezenzo zomkhosi waseRashiya eUkraine, nokubulala, ukwenzakala nokuxhwilwa kweenkokeli zonqulo zamahlelo ahlukahlukeneyo. Ngexesha lemfazwe, iqela lethu linenjongo yokuqokelela iinkcukacha malunga nolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe olwenziwe yiRussian Federation eUkraine ngokuchasene neenkonzo zonqulo lweemvaba ngeemvaba. Izinto esiziqokelelayo zingasetyenziswa kwizifundo zexesha elizayo zempembelelo yemfazwe kuluntu lonqulo lwase-Ukraine, ekulungiseleleni iingxelo zemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, kwakunye nobungqina bokuzisa lowo uhlaselayo.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izakhiwo zonqulo ezingaphezu kwama-240 zachatshazelwa zizenzo zomkhosi, esiye sazibhalisa koovimba bethu. Malunga ne-140 kuzo ziicawa zamaKristu zobuOthodoki, izindlu zoonongendi, yaye uninzi lwayo lungamalungu e-UOC (MP). Ii-Mosque, izindlu zesikhungu, iiholo zemithandazo, iiholo zobukumkani, ii-ashram ze-ISKCON, izakhiwo zezinye iinkolo ezincinci nazo ziyabandezeleka, kwaye sizibhalisa nakwi-database. Siyazi malunga namatyala alishumi elinesihlanu eenkokeli zonqulo ezibulewe okanye zabulawa ngobhokobhoko, kubandakanywa abefundisi basemkhosini kunye namavolontiya oluntu asuka kwiindawo zonqulo. Ezinye iinkokeli zonqulo zasekuhlaleni ziye zaqweqwediswa yimikhosi yomkhosi waseRashiya, zanyanzelwa ukuba zishiye amakhaya azo necawa yazo kwimimandla ethathiweyo.
2. Injani imeko ngeenkonzo zaseUkraine ebudeni bemfazwe eqhubekayo? Kwi-Ukraine yasimahla? Kwimimandla enabantu?
Imeko yahluke kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kumava amakholwa kwindawo ethile. Apho ukulwa kunye nokuqhunyiswa kweebhombu kuqhubeka, okanye kwiindawo ezaziphantsi komsebenzi wexesha elifutshane, sibona ukwanda kwentsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho yenkolo eyahlukeneyo, nokuba ngaphambi kohlaselo baphathana njengabachasi. Umzekelo: phakathi kweecawa ezahlukeneyo zamaOthodoki zamaKristu, amaOthodoki namaProtestanti, amaSilamsi namaKristu. Ingqwalasela ephambili yentsebenziswano kukuvolontiya, imisebenzi yobuntu.
Amabandla abonelela ngekhusi kubahlali ngexesha lokudubula, ukuhambisa uncedo loluntu, ukubonelela abefundisi bomkhosi kwiiyunithi zomkhosi (umthetho we-chaplaincy wamkelwe ngokupheleleyo kule ntwasahlobo kuphela), aququzelele ukunikela ngegazi, njl. apho kungekho sisongelo somhla nezolo ebomini, ukhuphiswano luyaqhubeka phakathi kwemibutho yonqulo.
Kwimimandla esanda kuthinjwa, amakholwa eenkonzo ezininzi, ingakumbi aweecawa ezincinci, kulindeleke ukuba ajongane nemiqathango kwimisebenzi yawo. Iinkonzo ezivaliweyo eRashiya, njengamaNgqina kaYehova, abalandeli bakaSaid Nursi, iHizb ut-Tahrir, nazo ziza kuvalwa njengoko abalawuli baseRashiya besomelela apho.
Kwiindawo ezikhululekileyo, yonke imibutho yonqulo iyaziqhelanisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka namaqhina namakholwa aseRashiya. KwaneCawa yobuOthodoki yaseUkraine, eyayifudula imanyene noSolusapho waseMoscow, yabamba iBhunga elikhethekileyo ngoMeyi 27 yaza yalucima olu nxibelelwano kumgaqo-siseko wayo.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwimimandla ethathiweyo, abantu abaninzi bale cawa banyanzelwa ukuba bangene phantsi kweCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Nangona ukususela ngo-2014 kude kube ngoku ukunyuka, uluntu lwaseCrimea kunye ne-CADLR (imimandla ethile yaseDonetsk kunye neMimandla yaseLuhansk) yayithathwa ngokusemthethweni njengenxalenye ye-UOC. Ngokufanayo, uluntu lwamaSilamsi kwimimandla yaseDonetsk kunye neLugansk kwimimandla ehlaselweyo yangena kwinqanaba leempembelelo zeBhunga laseRussia leMuftis kunye neNdibano yoMoya yamaSilamsi eRussian Federation, ngokulandelanayo.
3. Ngaba ubona ukwanda kolwaphulo-mthetho olukhuthazwa ngonqulo oluvela kwicandelo laseRashiya?
Ukususela ekuqaleni kohlaselo, nangaphambi koko, iinkokeli zezopolitiko nezenkolo zaseRashiya, kuquka noMongameli Vladimir Putin, Usolusapho uKirill Gundyaev, Mufti Talgat Tadzhuddin, Pandito Khambo Lama Damba Ayusheev kunye nabanye basebenzisa into yonqulo njengenye yezizathu zokuhlasela. Batyhola icala laseUkraine ngokunyhasha amalungelo e-UOC, ngokumisela imilinganiselo yaseNtshona, kwaye babongoza ukuba basuse abantu baseUkraine “kwingcinezelo yonqulo”. Kwangaxeshanye, ngohlaselo lwayo, iRashiya ayitshabalalisi nje kuphela indawo yonqulo oluninzi eUkraine, kodwa ikwatshabalalisa ngokoqobo inkitha yeetempile ze-UOC (MP), ihlutha amakholwa ithuba lokuphumeza inkululeko yawo yonqulo neyonqulo. iinkolelo. Kule ngqiqo, akukho kukhula, iqondo lentiyo lihlala liphezulu.
Ukuba sithetha ngokwanda kwenani lezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho eziphenjelelwa lunqulo, ngoko sinokuthetha ngako, okokuqala, kwiindawo ezithinjiweyo, apho ukuxhaphaka kweenkolo ezininzi kuncipha, amaqaqobana aphulukana nethuba lokuqhelisela unqulo lwawo ngokukhululekileyo. Kodwa nabefundisi be-UOC-MP abanganyanisekanga kulawulo lwaseRussia basengozini yokuphela entolongweni, babizwa ngamaxesha athile ukuze bancinwe okanye baxhwilwe okwethutyana, boyikiswa kumajelo asekuhlaleni. Ukuba iRashiya ithatha isigqibo sokudibanisa ngokusemthethweni imimandla ethinjiweyo, sinokulindela ukuba inani leenkolo zonqulo apho liya kuwela phantsi kwemithetho yaseRashiya malunga ne-extremism, njengoko kwenzeka eCrimea. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abalawuli baseRussia abaziva bezithembi ngokwaneleyo ukuba bachithe ixesha elininzi kwiingcinezelo zonqulo.
4. Nantoni na ongathanda ukuyongeza?
Ndingathanda ukugxininisa imfuneko yoncedo kwiinkonzo ezincinci zase-Ukraine, njengoko zingenako ukuphinda ziphile ngokwazo emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwezakhiwo zonqulo kunye nokuwa kweendawo zokuhlala ngexesha lemfazwe. Oku kuya kugcina inqanaba eliphezulu lenkululeko yonqulo neenkolelo, kwakunye nokuba nezininzi iRussian Federation izama ukuyitshabalalisa. I-Ukraine ifuna uncedo kumaxwebhu olwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe, kuba inani lolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe ngokubanzi sele lifikelela kumakhulu amawaka, onke amaqumrhu ophando asebenza kunye namatyala, kwaye uluntu lubandakanyeka kumaxwebhu, kodwa sifuna inkxaso yenkxaso yeziko kunye nezibonelelo ezivela. amazwe aseYurophu. Kwaye okokugqibela, nceda ungayeki ukwazisa ngemfazwe yaseUkraine, kubandakanywa nokutshatyalaliswa kwezakhiwo zonqulo-akukho nto iphelileyo, imfazwe iyaqhubeka, kwaye iYurophu ehlangeneyo kuphela inokunceda ukuyigqiba.
