Ukunyuka kwamaza obushushu, ukuqina kunye nobude bexesha lamaza obushushu akuyi kwandisa imililo yasendle kule nkulungwane kuphela, kodwa kuya kuwonakalisa umgangatho womoya-wonakalisa impilo yabantu kunye ne-ecosystem, ngokutsho kwengxelo entsha evela kuMbutho weHlabathi weMeteorological (WMO) esungulwe ngoLwesithathu. Usuku lweHlabathi loMoya ococekileyo lweSibhakabhaka esiBlue.
"Njengoko umhlaba ufudumala, imililo yasendle kunye nokungcoliseka komoya okuhambelana noko kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke, naphantsi kwemeko ephantsi yokukhutshwa kwezinto," wathiWMO Unobhala-Jikelele uPetteri Taalas.
“Ukongeza kwiimpembelelo zempilo yabantu, oku kuyakuchaphazela i-ikhosistim njengoko ungcoliseko lomoya luhlala ukusuka kwiatmosfera ukuya kumphezulu woMhlaba”.
'Ukungcamla ngekamva'
Yonyaka Umgangatho woMoya we-WMO kunye neBulletin yeMozulu ilumkise ukuba ukusebenzisana phakathi kongcoliseko kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu kuya kubangela "isohlwayo semozulu" kumakhulu ezigidi zabantu.
Ukongeza ekunikezeni ingxelo ngobume bomgangatho womoya kunye nokunxibelelana kwayo ngokusondeleyo nokutshintsha kwemozulu, iBulletin iphonononga uluhlu lweziphumo ezinokwenzeka zomgangatho womoya phantsi kweemeko zokukhutshwa kwegesi ephezulu kunye nephantsi.
Ifuthe lomsi womlilo wedlelo kunyaka ophelileyo lisebenze ekwandiseni amaza obushushu kulo nyaka.
UMnu Taalas wabhekisela kwi-2022 ye-heatwaves eYurophu nase-China, echaza iimeko ezizinzileyo ze-atmospheric ephezulu, ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nesantya somoya ophantsi "njengoko kuhambelana nokungcola okuphezulu".
“Oku kukungcamla kwangaphambili ikamva kuba silindele ukonyuka okungaphaya kumaxesha, ubunzulu kunye nobude bexesha lamaza obushushu, nto leyo inokukhokelela kumgangatho ombi womoya, into eyaziwa ngokuba 'sisigwebo semozulu'”.
“Isohlwayo semozulu” sibhekisa ngokuthe ngqo ekwandeni kokutshintsha kwemozulu njengoko kuchaphazela umoya ophefumlwa ngabantu.
Izinto ezingcolisa umoya
Ummandla onesona sohlwayo sinamandla esiqikelelwayo semozulu – ikakhulu iAsia – likhaya labantu abamalunga nekota enye yabemi behlabathi.
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunokwandisa ungcoliseko lwe-ozone, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwiimpembelelo zempilo eziyingozi kumakhulu ezigidi zabantu.
Ngenxa yokuba umgangatho womoya kunye nemozulu zinxibelelene, utshintsho kwenye ngokungaphephekiyo lubangela utshintsho kwenye.
I<em>Bulletin ichaza ukuba ukutsha kwe<em>fossil kukwakhupha i<em>nitrogen oxide, enokusabela kukukhanya kwelanga ukuze yenze i<em>ozone ne<em>nitrate aerosols.
Ngapha koko, ezi zinto zingcolisa umoya zinokuchaphazela kakubi impilo ye-ecosystem, kubandakanya amanzi acocekileyo, i-biodiversity, kunye nokugcinwa kwekhabhoni.
Ukhangele phambili
IPhaneli yoRhulumente kuTshintsho lweMozulu (IPCC) UVavanyo lweSithandathu ingxelo ibonelela ngeemeko zokuzivelela komgangatho womoya njengoko amaqondo obushushu esanda kule nkulungwane.
Ukuba ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse kuhlala kuphezulu, kangangokuba amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi anyuke nge-3° C ukusuka kumanqanaba angaphambi kwamashishini kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-21, amanqanaba e-ozone yomphezulu kulindeleke ukuba anyuke kwiindawo ezingcoliseke kakhulu, ngakumbi eAsia.
Oku kuquka ukutsiba kweepesenti ezingama-20 ukunqumla iPakistan, emantla eIndiya naseBangladesh, kunye ne-10 leepesenti ukunqumla impuma yeTshayina.
Ukukhutshwa kwamafutha efosili kuya kubangela ukunyuka kwe-ozone okunokuthi kubangele amaza obushushu, nto leyo eya kuthi ikhulise ungcoliseko lomoya.
Ke ngoko, amaza obushushu axhaphake kakhulu ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba aqhubeke nokuthoba umgangatho womoya.
© UNICEF/Habibul Haque
Ungcoliseko lomoya eDhaka, eBangladesh, lukhokelela kuthotho lweengxaki zempilo kubemi besi sixeko.
Imeko yekhabhoni ephantsi
Ukunqanda oku, i IPCC icebisa imeko yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ephantsi, enokubangela ubushushu obuncinane, bexeshana elifutshane phambi kokuba ubushushu bunciphe.
Ilizwe elizayo elilandela le meko liya kuxhamla ekuncitshisweni kwenitrogen kunye neekhompawundi zesulfure ukusuka kwiatmosfera ukuya kumphezulu woMhlaba, apho zinokonakalisa i-ecosystem.
Izikhululo ze-WMO kwihlabathi jikelele ziya kubeka esweni impendulo yomgangatho womoya kunye nempilo ye-ecosystem kwisiphakamiso sokunciphisa izinto ezikhutshwayo kwixesha elizayo.
Oku kunokulinganisa ukusebenza kwemigaqo-nkqubo eyilelwe ukunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya.
