Ngo-Agasti ka-2013, kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba u-Xi Jinping engene kurhulumente waseTshayina, kwaqhambuka inkohlakalo kwinkqubo yezonyango yesizwe, esetyenziswa ngobuchule ziinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezixuba amayeza ezinze kwelo lizwe. Iphulo elaqaliswa ukulungisa uxanduva laphela ngokubanjwa kwamagosa amane aphezulu eBritane yamazwe ngamazwe i-GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) kunye nokuthintelwa kwamanye amagosa aphezulu ali-18 ukuba alishiye ilizwe lase-Asia. Ngelo xesha, i-arhente yeendaba esemthethweni i-Xinhua yathi abanye babo babephantsi kophando ... barhanelwa ngokunyoba oogqirha ngelixa bebacela ukuba babhale amachiza amaninzi ukuze banyuse umthamo wokuthengisa; kwaye kwangaxeshanye sinyusa amaxabiso….
Ngokophononongo olwenziwa ngelo xesha, kwiminyaka nje elishumi eyadlulayo, icandelo loxubo-mayeza, ngenxa yorhwaphilizo abalukhuthazileyo ngokwabo, kwafuneka bonyuse ixabiso lokuthengisa amayeza ngama-20%. Ngeso sihlandlo, iinkampani ezininzi kweli candelo, kuquka uJohnson & Johnson, zohlwaywe. Ngombulelo kubhengezo olubanzi yiarhente yeendaba yaseTshayina, ngoku sineenkcukacha ezixabisekileyo zendlela iinkampani zamayeza ezenze ngayo ukuze kuthengiswe iyeza labaguli abaphefumlayo kwizibhedlele ezili-10 kwikomkhulu lephondo laseHenan, eZhengzhou: ... -kwinqanaba leenkomfa zemfundo ukubanceda bafumane impembelelo kumacandelo abo. Kwakhona baye baseka ulwalamano oluhle lobuqu noogqirha ngokubanika iziyolo zabo nokubanika imali yokubanika amayeza angakumbi.
Ummeli wezentengiso waloo maqela (GSK) wade wathi uye wangena kwiiofisi zoogqirha kwaye wade wanelisa iimfuno zabo zesondo, esithi abaphathi benkampani e-China bayayazi yonke into eyenzekayo, kwaye abanye babo bade babeke ithagethi. nangona kunjalo, ukwandisa ishishini kulo mmandla ngama-30%.
Kungekudala emva kophando, kwiinyanga ezimbini kamva ngoJulayi, i-GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) yavuma ukuba ithathe indawo yentloko yaloo ncedisi, UMark Reilly, kunye nendoda engumFrentshi uHervé Gisserot. I-AstraZeneca, iSanofi yaseFransi kunye no-Eli Lilly ose-US baye baphandwa, nangona kuncinci. Le yokugqibela iphinde yahlawula i-22 yezigidi ze-euro kwi- eunited States ngoDisemba 2012 ukuvala izityholo zokuba abasebenzi bayo banike imali kunye nezipho kumagosa aseTshayina, eBrazil, eRashiya nasePoland. I-Pfizer, enye yeenkampani ezinkulu zamachiza zehlabathi, ezinze e-US, yamkele unyaka ngaphambili intlawulo ye-45.3 yezigidi zeeyuro ngenxa yeemeko ezifanayo.
Ngeso sihlandlo i-Food and Drug Administration yaqinisekisa imfuneko yokuthatha amanyathelo akhawulezayo, ukuqhekeka, kwakhona. Akufanele ilityalwe ukuba kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, ngo-2007, intloko ye-FDA, Zheng Xiaoyu, wagwetyelwa ukufa waza wabulawa ngenxa yokuba wamkela imali ukuze avumele ukuthengiswa kweemveliso zomgunyathi.
Amagama akwinqaku ngokuqinisekileyo ayabonakala kwiimarike zempilo emhlabeni jikelele.
Iindaba ezidlulileyo kwiminyaka eyi-10 yeentlawulo zezigidi zeedola ngeenkampani zamachiza xa zibanjwe kwisenzo zisenza sicinge ukuba thina bantu singabathengi nje, iihagu zeguinea kwezinye iimeko, kunye namanani nje kwiingxelo zenzuzo kunye nelahleko yonyaka.
Ngokwenqanaba elihlaziyiweyo ukuya kwi-1 kaJanuwari 2023, iinkampani ezintlanu ezinkulu kwihlabathi malunga ne-capitalisation yemalike, okanye into exabiseke ngayo, iya kuba: Johnson & Johnson ($ 440.04 billion), u-Eli Lilly (i-320.13 yeebhiliyoni zeedola), uNovo Nordisk ( I-314.65 yeebhiliyoni zeedola), iMerk (i-275.14 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) kunye ne-Abbvie (i-261.18 yeebhiliyoni zeedola). Uhlaziyo lwe-stock market lwenziwa ngo-2021. Namhlanje, ezinye iinkampani, ezifana ne-Pfizer, ngokungathandabuzekiyo ziye zaphakama kwinqanaba lehlabathi leenzuzo zemarike yemasheya.
I-portal yobuchwephesha es.statista.com, kwicandelo lalo manani, isinika amanani engeniso yeenkampani zamachiza kwihlabathi jikelele, kubandakanywa nenani lika-2021, elalimalunga ne-1.40 yezigidigidi zeedola zaseMelika. Ngalo mfanekiso, konke kuthethwa kwaye kwenziwa. Into abayihlawulayo ngezimangalo okanye kwiziyunguma zabanye abantu abanxulumene necandelo lezempilo, enoba ngoogqirha, abongikazi, abezobupolitika, njalo njalo, yimali epokotho nje. Asiyi kuthi, njengoRhulumente waseTshayina okanye i-Queen of Hearts kwibali lika-Alice e-Wonderland, "Bayeke ngeentloko zabo !!!", kodwa mhlawumbi sinokuphawula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha umzekelo unokwenziwa kwezinye ezi nkampani okanye ezinye zezi kuthiwa ngabarhwebi, abaphuphumayo kwinkqubo yezempilo karhulumente neyabucala yalo naliphi na ilizwe ehlabathini.
Imithombo:
Iphephandaba le-EL PAIS, ngoMvulo we-5 Agasti 2013, umbhali uJosé Reinoso. https://es.statista.com/estadisticas/635153/ingresos-mundiales-del-sector-farmaceutico/
