Radovan Karadzic, ugqirha wengqondo kunye ne-genocide yaseSarajevo

Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-90, enye yeemfazwe ezinkulu zemfazwe yavela eYurophu ngelo xesha ngenxa yokudilizwa kweYugoslavia engasekhoyo, kwinto eyayibizwa ngokuba: Imfazwe yaseBalkan. NgoMeyi 13, 1992, ugqirha wezigulo zengqondo ogama linguRadovan Karadzic waba ngumongameli wokuqala woko kwakubizwa ngokuba. IRiphabhlikhi yaseSrpkas, de kwangowe-1996. Iminyaka emine nje kuphela yayanele ukuba iKaradzic yaziwe njengomnye wababulali abakhulu nababulala abantu abaninzi kwimbali.

URadovan Karadzic wazalwa ngoJuni 19, 1945 ePetnjica, umasipala omncinci kufuphi neSavnik, kwindawo yaseMontenegro (Yugoslavia). Utata wakhe: Vuko, owayesakuba lilungu leqela elineenguqu iitsheti, Wabanjwa kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuzalwa kwakhe. Wakwazi ukufundisisa, kodwa ukuze enjenjalo kwafuneka aye eSarajevo, eBosnia naseHerzegovina. Ngowe-1960 wakwazi ukudibanisa izifundo zakhe zengqondo kunye Psychology, ukusebenza kwisibhedlele e Kosovo.

Ngowe-1986 waseka i-Serbian Democratic Party. Ukuba ingcamango kaHitler, xa ukutshatyalaliswa kwamaYuda kunye nabaphantsi kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwakucetywayo, yayikukuseka i-hegemony yohlanga lwama-Aryan ehlabathini, olo lukaRadovan Karadzic, lo mshicileli welizwe we-ultra-orthodox wayemele ukuphumeza Balkans, kunye nokuvunyelwa kweRashiya kunye neGrisi, i ISerbia enkulu. Iphupha elithe nanamhlanje ama-oligarchs amaninzi kunye nezopolitiko kwindawo, kubandakanywa noosolusapho baseOthodoki, abaqhelekanga.

Okungakumbi ukuphumeza oku, kwezo 90s, kwakukho ingxaki yoluntu lwamaSilamsi ekhoyo kwindawo yaseSarajevo, naseBosnia-Herzegovina. Ungquzulwano olwayilwa ngalo, ekuqaleni lwayilwa ngobukrelekrele nguKaradzic, exhaswa ngowayesakuba ngumongameli waseSerbia uSlobodan Milosevic. Kwaye ngaloo mihla (1992-1996) yaqala eyona ndyikitya yokufa yabemi baseYurophu abanemvelaphi yamaSilamsi kumbindi weYurophu eye yabonwa kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo. Onke amazwe aseYurophu asilela ngokulusizi, kwaye loo ntlalo yamaSilamsi entliziyweni yobuKristu baseYurophu yayijongwa njenge-anachronism. Kulaa Pincer Ekhohlakeleyo, mhlawumbi eyona nto ifikelele kakhulu namhlanje sisihloko: Ukungqingwa kweSarajevo.

Ukungqingwa kweSarajevo

Ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukungqingwa kweSarajevo kwakugqalwa njengokutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kohlanga, kuquka iinkampu zokutshabalalisa. Amawaka amabhinqa adlwengulwa yaye amawaka angakumbi abulawa kuluhlu lwezonka eSarajevo, ephosa iziqhushumbisi kangangokuba aqwengwa afa. Aba bahlaseli babulala ngokungenalusini abantu ababehamba esitratweni okanye babenobuganga bokuphuma baye kufuna ukutya, kuquka nabantwana.

Kangangeminyaka embalwa akukho bani wenza nto, ngoxa uSlobodan noRadovan baqhubeka benandipha amandla abo ngokungqinga nokukhuthaza ukubulawa kwabantu. Amadoda, abafazi kunye nabantwana batshatyalaliswa ngokungenalusini ngelo xesha, kodwa ukubulawa kwabantu uKaradzic ngokwakhe ngo-1995 eSrebrenica kwakunegazi elingakumbi, esalathisa ngokwakhe imikhosi yaseBosnia yaseSerbia kwaye ebakhuthaza ukuba benze indawo eyayingakhuselekanga nakumalungu e-UN. Enyanisweni, xa kwiminyaka kamva watyholwa ngolwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe, watyholwa nangokuyalela ukuba kuqweqwediswe amalungu eZizwe Ezimanyeneyo.

Ukufezekisa konke oku, intetho yakhe kunye nolwazi lwakhe ngokuziphatha komntu kunye nokukhwabanisa okukhulu kwasebenza ukuba abalandeli bakhe bahlasele abalandeli bakhe ngeentetho zakhe kwaye bathengise ukuba yonke into abayenzayo yazuza loo njongo inkulu, eyayikukuphunyezwa kwaloo Serbia enkulu ngaphandle kobuhlanga. hayi ukuya kolo gqatso.

Necrophagy kwizixeko ezingqingiweyo

Zahamba ke ngolo hlobo iinyanga, zijongene nokungasebenzi kwehlabathi liphela. IRashiya yamkela ukutshatyalaliswa kwamaSilamsi, ngelixa lonke elaseYurophu lahlala lithe cwaka kunye ne-harangues edikidiki kwaye i-US yathetha ngenkqubela phambili ethembisayo kwizicwangciso zoxolo, kodwa xa unozakuzaku waseBosnia kwi-UN wagxeka amatyala e-necrophagy kwizixeko ezingqingiweyo, into ibonakala ngathi iyatshintsha kwezopolitiko. Uluvo malunga nongquzulwano oluxeliweyo: mhlawumbi iintloni zokungabenzeli nto abo bantu.

Ukuwohloka kwentlalo nobuntu kwabo bantu bangamahlwempu bephantsi kobukrwada nokungabi nangqiqo kwemfazwe eyayikhuthazwa ngulo mntu uphambeneyo kangangokuba, kwezinye iindawo, baphelela ekutyeni abangasekhoyo, ukuze bazondle baze bakwazi ukuphila abambalwa. iintsuku ezininzi. ngethemba lokubona uncedo loluntu lufika. Kodwa le yayinemiqobo enzulu enegama layo: uSlobodan Milosevic noRadovan Karadzic.

Kwinqaku elikhutshwe kwikomkhulu leZizwe eziManyeneyo, iarhente yaseSpain i-EFE, ikhuphe oku kulandelayo:

"Abasindi kwizixeko ezibini ezisempuma yeBosnia-Herzegovina batya abafileyo ngenxa yokunqongophala kokutya, unozakuzaku weriphabliki kwi-UN u-Mohamed Sacirbey uxele ngoLwesibini ebusuku.

Ummeli waseBosnia wabonisa ukuba ulwazi lunikezelwe kuye ngumphathi wezempi wengingqi yaseTusla, ongazange anike iinkcukacha malunga nokuba zingaphi iimeko ze-necrophagy ezibhalisiwe kwiidolophu zaseZapa naseCereska.

Iqela elinoncedo loluntu elisingise kwisixeko saseCereska livaliwe kangangeentsuku ezine kumda wemikhosi yaseBosnia, kwaye 'ayikashukumi,' wongeze watsho uSacirbey.

"Iiarhente ezininzi ze-UN kunye nomlamli uCyrus Vance ucele uMongameli waseSerbia uSlobodan Milosevic kunye nenkokeli yaseBosnia yaseSerb uRadovan Karadzic ukuba bafumane uncedo ukuze i-convoy idlule kuloo ndawo."

Kodwa i-convoy ayizange idlule kwaye njengabanye abaninzi yaphangwa yimikhosi yaseSerbia. KwaneUNHCR, umbutho weZizwe Ezimanyeneyo wokunceda abantu owawusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezimanyumnyezi kwezinye iimfazwe kwimimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo yehlabathi, yabhengeza ukunqunyanyiswa ngokupheleleyo komsebenzi wayo eBosnia. USadako Ogata ngokwakhe, ummeli we-UN High Commissioner for Refugees, wabhengeza ngaloo mihla: …

Ukuphela kongquzulwano

Imfazwe iphela xa i-Dayton Accords isayinwa eParis ngoDisemba 14, 1995, apho uMilosevic, u-Izetbegobic noTudman babelana ngothuthu kunye nezidumbu emva kongquzulwano. Kwakunye nentsimi.

Baphantse babe ngama-200,000 ababulawayo kunye neembacu ezingaphezu kwe-1,300,000 nabathinjwa, uninzi lwabo ingamaSilamsi. Ngaphambi kongquzulwano kuloo ndawo, i-90% yabemi yayingamaqela ezizwe zamaSilamsi, emva kongquzulwano kwakungekho mntu ushiyekileyo.

Xa imikhosi yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo yafikayo yafumana amakhulukhulu amangcwaba neenkampu zoxinaniso ezifoto zazo zisibonisa ukuba imeko yamabanjwa ayibumoneli nangayiphi na indlela into emanyumnyezi eyenzeka kwiinkampu zamaNazi. Ukoyikeka okupheleleyo ekungafane kuthethwe ngako kwezinye iimbali. Khumbula ukuba malunga nama-320 amajoni eZizwe Ezimanyeneyo afayo. Phakathi kwama-20,000 kunye nama-40,000 amabhinqa angamaSilamsi, nokuba ngabantu abadala okanye abantwana, badlwengulwa yimikhosi yaseSerbia. Olu lwazi lukhokelele ekubeni udlwengulo lwenyambalala luthathelwe ingqalelo okokuqala njengesixhobo semfazwe sokuqhuba uhlambululo lobuhlanga nembubhiso.

Ebona yonke into eyoyikisayo, inkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho yamazwe ngamazwe yagqiba ekubeni itshutshise, phakathi kwabanye, uRadovan Karadzic ngo-1995 ngezityholo zokubulawa kwabantu, ulwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene noluntu, kunye nezityholo ezintathu zokuphulwa kwemithetho yemfazwe kunye nokunye okuninzi. Kodwa wakwazi ukubaleka ngemali, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ngoncedo lwamakholwa amaninzi anomdla abona kuye inkokeli eyayikwazi ukutshabalalisa inqaba enkulu yamaSilamsi eYurophu. Nto leyo yamenza wanovelwano lweentshukumo zasekunene kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Wade wabanjwa ngo-2008 eNgilani, apho wayesebenza njengogqirha kunye nengcali yezamayeza, phantsi kwegama elingu-Dragan Dabic.

I-psychopathic psychiatrist

Ulwazi lwakhe kunye noqeqesho njengogqirha kunye nodokotela wengqondo wavumela uRadovan Karadzic ukuba enze i-alter ego, umlingiswa obizwa ngokuba nguDragan Dabic, kwaye athathelwe ingqalelo kwindawo yakhe. Wade waba newebhusayithi. dragandavic.comukusuka apho kunye nenkangeleko entle, eneenwele ezimhlophe kunye neendevu ezinde zethoni efanayo, wafumana ubomi bakhe njengogqirha ongomnye, enyanga izigulana kunye nokubhala amanqaku angolunye unyango kwiphephancwadi i-Healthy Life, umlawuli wakhe uGoran Kogic, akuva ezi ndaba, wathi: “Wonke umntu ebeya kufuna ukuba ngumhlobo womntu endidibene naye.

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, inzondelelo yakhe yadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwelinye lawona maxesha amnyama obomi bakhe kwaye, ngokutsho kwabaninzi, ehamba kunye ne-psychopathy ethile, ekubeni wayesuka ekunyamekeleni abadala bakhe ukuya ekubulaleni okanye ekuyalele ukubulawa kwamawaka abantu. .

NgoMatshi 2016, inkundla yolwaphulo-mthetho yaseHague yamgweba iminyaka eyi-40 entolongweni, nangona kamva wagwetywa ubomi bakhe bonke entolongweni, kuba wafunyaniswa enetyala lokubulala uhlanga nolokulwa imfazwe phakathi ko-1992 no-1995. ngaphandle kweNkundla yaMazwe ngaMazwe eHague kwakukho amakhulu abalandeli ababeququzelela udushe, kwanyanzeleka ukuba amapolisa asebenze ngamandla ukuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Inqaku lombhali:

Kule ngxelo yengxelo apho ndiye ndaxuba iMfazwe yeBalkan kunye nomfanekiso wezopolitiko waseSerbia onamandla kunye nogqirha wengqondo, andizange ndifune ukuphoswa lithuba lokubukela i-radicalism yenkolo ebethelela ngokwenene olu ngquzulwano. Ngamanye amaxesha xa ezinye iipalamente ehlabathini ziwisa umthetho ngokunxulumene neenkolelo ezintsha, njengoko kusenzeka ngalo mzuzu kwezinye iipalamente emhlabeni, ukuba zithathe isigqibo malunga nokuba zingamahlelo okanye akunjalo, okanye indlela yokwenza ngokuchasene nazo ukuphepha izenzo ezizisolayo, engajongwanga. ngaphezu kwembali kunye nokuba yintoni ebangelwa kukungquzulana okukhulu phakathi kweenkolo ezinkulu.

Bekuya kuba luncedo ukuba, xa sithetha ngombandela wamahlelo okanye iinkolelo zabanye, oko kwenziwe ngendlela evulelekileyo kungekhona ngokwembono yengcamango evelisa eyethu inkolelo. Ungquzulwano olwavela ngeminyaka yee-1990 kwiiBalkans lungaphezu kwayo yonke ingxabano yobuhlanga nonqulo. Ukwahluka kwinto eyenzekayo ngoku kwiGaza Strip, umzekelo. Into ndiza kuyihlalutya ngelinye ixesha.

Uluhlu.

I-Karadzic, ibali lelinye iyeza elithi "guru" elabanjwa linetyala lokubulala abantu - I-BBC News Mundo

Ngokubhekiselele kwiMfazwe yaseBalkan kunye noKaradzic ngokwakhe, ndikhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzise iinjini zokukhangela kwi-Intanethi ukufumana lonke ulwazi abaluqwalaselayo. Ngokukwanjalo, jonga iifoto ezimanyumnyezi onokuzifumana kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngoko kwenzeka kolo ngquzulwano.