Ukufunda iincwadi, ngaphandle kokutyebisa isigama sethu, inkcubeko yethu ngokubanzi kunye nentetho, kusihambisa kwamanye amazwe kwaye kude kusisuse kwihlabathi lenene esiphila kulo okwethutyana. Ukufunda kubaluleke kakhulu, kuxabisekile kwaye kuyayonwabisa kangangokuba abo bangakwaziyo ukufunda banokuthi nje abayazi into abayiphosayo.
Ukufunda, ngokungafaniyo nokubukela umabonwakude, kukhulisa intelekelelo yethu, kusenza sicinge, siqiqe, sibe nengcinga esengqiqweni nehambelanayo. Ngokubanzi, izibonelelo zokufunda iincwadi zininzi kangangokuba ndikucebisa ukuba ubambe incwadi ngoku kwaye uqale le nkqubo yemilingo.
Ziziphi iingenelo eziphambili zokufunda iincwadi?
Njengoko besenditshilo ukuba ukufunda iincwadi kusinika okuninzi kwaye izibonelelo zilungile ngokwenene. Kule migca ilandelayo, ndiya kuqwalasela eyona ibalulekileyo kubo.
• Ulwazi noLwazi: Iincwadi zingumthombo otyebileyo wolwazi nolwazi. Zigubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezihloko kunye nezifundo, zivumela abafundi ukuba bafunde ngeenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, iziganeko zembali, iikhonsepthi zenzululwazi, uphuhliso lomntu, kunye nokunye okuninzi. Ukufunda kwandisa ukuqonda kwakho ngehlabathi kwaye kunika amathuba okufunda ubomi bonke.
• Ukuvuselela ingqondo: Ukufunda ngumsebenzi ovuselela ingqondo othatha ingqondo yakho. Iphucula izakhono zokuqonda ezifana nokucinga okuphangaleleyo, uhlalutyo kunye nokusombulula iingxaki. Ukuphucula isigama, izakhono zolwimi kunye nokuphucula imemori kunye nokugxila. Ukufunda rhoqo kunokukunceda ugcine ingqondo yakho ibukhali kwaye isebenza.
• Intlalontle ngokwasemoyeni nasengqondweni: Iincwadi zinokuba nempembelelo entle kwimpilo-ntle yeemvakalelo neyengqondo. Ukufunda kunokuba yindlela yokuphepha, ukubonelela ngekhefu kuxinzelelo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokukhathazeka. Inokukuhambisa kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ikhuphe iimvakalelo kwaye ikunike ukuphumla kunye noxolo lwangaphakathi. Ukufunda kunokukunika inkuthazo, inkuthazo kunye nokukhula kwakho, kukunceda ufumane iimbono ezintsha kunye nokuqonda ebomini.
• Isigama nezakhono zolwimi: Ukufunda rhoqo kukuchanaba kuluhlu olubanzi lwamagama, amabinzana kunye nezakhiwo zezivakalisi, nto leyo eyandisa isigama sakho kwaye iphucula izakhono zakho zolwimi. Ikunceda uphuhlise ukuqonda ngcono igrama, ukwakhiwa kwezivakalisi kunye nezimbo zokubhala. Oku kuphucula izakhono zakho zokunxibelelana ngokuthetha nangokubhala.
• Uvelwano nokuqonda: Ukufunda iintsomi, ngakumbi, kunceda ukuphuhlisa uvelwano nokuqonda abanye. Ngamabali kunye nabalinganiswa, abafundi banokufumana ukuqonda kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo, iinkcubeko kunye namava. Ikhuthaza uvelwano, uvelwano kunye nokukwazi ukunxulumana nabanye ebomini bokwenyani.
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuphumla: Ukusebenzisana nencwadi elungileyo kunokuba yindlela ebalaseleyo yokuphumla kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo. Inika ukuphunyuka kwiingcinezelo zemihla ngemihla kwaye inika uhlobo lokuzonwabisa kunye nokuphumla. Ukufunda ngaphambi kokulala kunokunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wokulala.
• Ubuchule bokuyila obuphuculweyo: Ukufunda kunokuvuselela ubuchule kunye nokucinga. Xa ufunda, uba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wemiboniso, abalinganiswa, kunye nesetingi engqondweni yakho, udala amava engqondo awodwa. Inokukhuthaza kwaye ifuthe eyakho imizamo yokuyila, nokuba kukubhala, ubugcisa, okanye ukusombulula iingxaki kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukuqonda kwenkcubeko nentlalo: Iincwadi ziveza abafundi kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, izithethe neembono ezahlukeneyo, zikhuthaza ukuqonda ngcono nokuxabisa iyantlukwano. Banokukhuthaza ukunyamezelana, ukubandakanywa kunye novakalelo lobumi behlabathi.
• Umzekelo wabantwana bakho: xa ufunda iincwadi, abantwana bakho bangumzekelo omhle kwaye ngubani owaziyo, ngenye imini banokuthanda ukuzifundela.
Lilonke, ukufunda iincwadi kunika uluhlu olubanzi ngokwenene lweenzuzo ezinegalelo ekukhuleni komntu, ekufumaneni ulwazi, ukuba sempilweni ngokwasengqondweni nasekukhuleni kwengqondo. Ngumsebenzi owakhayo noluncedo onokunanditshwa ngabantu babo bonke ubudala.
Ukufunda iincwadi kuzivuselela njani iingqondo zethu?
Ukufunda iincwadi kuvuselela ingqondo ngeendlela ezininzi, ezibandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda kunye nothungelwano lwe-neural. Nantsi indlela ukufunda okuzivuselela ngayo iingqondo zethu:
• Ukuba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni: Xa ufunda incwadi, ingakumbi intsomi, ingqondo yakho ibangela umfanekiso-ngqondweni weziganeko, abalinganiswa kunye neendawo ezichazwe kwisicatshulwa. Le nkqubo yokubonwayo yenza i-cortex ebonakalayo isebenze kwaye iphucule ukucinga kwakho kunye nobuchule.
• Ukulungiswa kolwimi: Ukufunda kubandakanya ukucazulula nokuqonda ulwimi olubhaliweyo. Ingqondo yakho isebenzisa amagama, izakhi zezivakalisi, kunye negrama, nto leyo ephucula izakhono zokucwangcisa ulwimi kunye nokwandisa amandla akho okuqonda nokusebenzisa ulwimi ngokufanelekileyo.
• Uthethathethwano ngengqondo: Ukufunda kufuna ukuzibandakanya kwengqondo okusebenzayo. Njengoko ufunda, utolika kwaye uhlalutye ulwazi olunikwe kwisicatshulwa, wenze unxibelelwano nolwazi lwakho lwangaphambili, kwaye wenze ukubonakaliswa kwengqondo kumxholo. Le nkqubo yokuqonda ivuselela ukucinga okunzulu, ukusombulula iingxaki kunye nezakhono zokuhlalutya.
• Inkumbulo kunye khumbula: Ukufunda iincwadi kucela umngeni kwinkumbulo yakho njengoko ukhumbula iinkcukacha ngabalinganiswa, imigca yesakhiwo kunye neziganeko. Ingqondo yakho yenza unxulumano kunye nokunxibelelana phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zebali, ukomeleza inkumbulo kunye nezakhono zokukhumbula. Ukukhumbula ulwazi olusuka kwiindawo zangaphambili zencwadi nako kuphucula amandla akho enkumbulo esebenzayo.
• Ugqaliselo kunye nogxininiso: Ukufunda iincwadi kufuna ingqalelo ethe gqolo kunye nokugxila. Ifuna ukuba ugxile kwisicatshulwa, ulandele ibali, kwaye ugcine uthethathethwano ixesha elide. Ukufunda rhoqo kunokuphucula ubuchule bakho bokunikela ingqalelo uze ugcine ingqalelo nakwezinye iinkalo zobomi.
• Uvelwano kunye nethiyori yengqondo: Ukufunda amabali, ngakumbi amabali angena kubomi bangaphakathi babalinganiswa, kunokuphucula uvelwano kunye nethiyori yengqondo-amandla okuqonda kunye nokuthelekelela iingcinga, iimvakalelo kunye neenjongo zabanye. Ngokuzintywilisela kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo kunye namava, uphuhlisa ukuqonda okunzulu ngokuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo zomntu.
• I-Neuroplasticity kunye noqhagamshelwano lobuchopho: Ukuzibandakanya ekufundeni kuqhelisela ingqondo kunye nokukhuthaza i-neuroplasticity - amandla obuchopho okuhlengahlengisa kunye nokwenza uqhagamshelwano olutsha lwe-neural. Iqinisa iindlela ze-neural ezikhoyo kwaye idale ezintsha, iphucula uqhagamshelwano lobuchopho ngokubanzi kunye nokuguquguquka kwengqondo.
• Ukuvuselela uvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo: Ukufunda kunokuvelisa iimpendulo zeemvakalelo kwaye kubandakanye iindawo zovakalelo lwengqondo. Iinkcazo zokuvumba, izandi kunye neemvakalelo kwiincwadi zinokusebenzisa iindawo ezihambelanayo zengqondo, okwenza amava okufunda acace ngakumbi kwaye agxininise.
Ngokuvuselela ezi nkqubo zokuqonda kunye nothungelwano lwe-neural, ukufunda iincwadi kuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo, kuphucula amandla okuqonda, kunye negalelo ekufundeni ubomi bonke kunye nempilo yengqondo. Okukhona ufunda kwaye ucela umngeni kwingqondo yakho ngomxholo owahlukeneyo, kokukhona uvuna izibonelelo zokuqonda zokufunda.
Ifoto engumzekelo ngu-Aline Viana Prado: https://www.pexels.com/photo/person-holding-a-book-2465877/
