By UNatalya Trauberg (udliwano-ndlebe olunikwe ekwindla ka-2008 inikezwe Elena Borisova kunye noDarja Litvak), Ingcaphephe ye-2009 (19), ngoMeyi 19, 657
Ukuba ngumKristu kuthetha ukuzinikela ngenxa yommelwane kabani. Oku akunanto yakwenza nehlelo elithile, kodwa kuxhomekeke kuphela kukhetho lomntu kwaye ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba ube yinto eninzi.
UNatalia Trauberg ngumguquleli ogqwesileyo osuka kwisiNgesi, isiFrentshi, iSpanish, isiPhuthukezi kunye nesiTaliyane. Indoda eyatyhilela umfundi waseRashiya iingqondi ezingumKristu uGilbert Chesterton, umthetheleli uClive Lewis, imidlalo yevangeli kaDorothy Sayers, uGraham Greene olusizi, uWodehouse othobekileyo, uPaul Gallico wabantwana noFrances Burnett. ENgilani, uTrauberg wayebizwa ngokuba ngu "Madame Chesterton". ERashiya, wayengunongendi uJoanna, ilungu lebhodi yoMbutho weBhayibhile kunye nebhodi yabahleli bephephancwadi elithi "Foreign Literature", elisasazwa kunomathotholo "uSofia" kunye no "Radonezh", ofundiswa kwi-Biblical-Theological Institute of St. Umpostile uAndreya.
UNatalia Leonidovna wayethanda ukuthetha ngoko uChesterton wakubiza ngokuthi "ubuKristu nje": kungekhona ngokubuyela "kubungcwele boobawo abangcwele," kodwa malunga nobomi bobuKristu kunye neemvakalelo zobuKristu apha kwaye ngoku, kwezo meko kunye nendawo esibekwe kuyo. Ngokuphathelele uChesterton noSayers, wakha wabhala: “Kwakungekho nto kubo ejika umntu “kubomi bonqulo” – hayi umxhuzulane, okanye ubumnandi, okanye ukunganyamezeli. Yaye ngoku, xa “igwele labaFarisi” lisiba namandla kwakhona, ilizwi labo libaluleke gqitha, liya kuba likhulu ngakumbi. Namhlanje la mazwi anokuthi athathwe ngokupheleleyo kuye kunye nelizwi lakhe.
Kwenzekile ukuba uNatalia Trauberg anike udliwanondlebe lwakhe lokugqibela kwimagazini yeNgcali.
UNatalia Leonidovna, ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yobunzima bokomoya obufunyanwa ngabantu, abaninzi balindele ukuvuselelwa kobuKristu. Ngaphezu koko, kukholelwa ukuba yonke into iya kuqala eRashiya, kuba yi-Orthodoxy yaseRashiya equlethe inzaliseko yobuKristu kulo lonke ihlabathi. Ucinga ntoni ngayo?
Kubonakala kum ukuba ukuthetha malunga nokudibana kweRashiya kunye ne-Orthodoxy kukuthotywa koBuThixo kunye nonaphakade. Kwaye ukuba siqala ukuphikisa ukuba ubuKristu baseRashiya buyeyona nto ibalulekileyo emhlabeni, ngoko sineengxaki ezinkulu ezisibiza ngokuba ngamaKristu. Ngokumalunga neemvuselelo… Azizange zenzeke embalini. Kwakukho izibongozo ezinkulu. Ngaxa lithile inani elithile labantu lalicinga ukuba akukho nto ilungileyo iphuma ehlabathini, laza lalandela u-Anthony Omkhulu ukubaleka entlango, nangona uKristu, siphawula, wachitha iintsuku ezingamashumi amane kuphela entlango… Ngenkulungwane ye-12, xa umndiki kwafika iimonki, abaninzi ngequbuliso Baziva ukuba ubomi babo ngandlel’ ithile buphikisana neVangeli, baza baqalisa ukumisa iziqithi ezahlukeneyo, izindlu zoonongendi, ukuze kube ngokungqinelana neVangeli. Emva koko bacinga kwakhona: kukho into engalunganga. Kwaye bathatha isigqibo sokuzama kungekhona entlango, kungekhona kwi-monastery, kodwa emhlabeni ukuze baphile kufuphi neVangeli, kodwa babiyelwe kude nehlabathi ngezibhambathiso. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuchaphazeli kakhulu uluntu.
Kwiminyaka yama-70 eSoviet Union, abantu abaninzi baya ecaweni, singasathethi ke ngeminyaka yee-90. Yintoni le ukuba ayingomzamo wokuvuselela?
Kwiminyaka ye-70, ii-intelligentsia, ngoko kuthetha, zeza ecaweni. Yaye xa “eguqukayo,” ubani wayenokuphawula ukuba wayengabonisi nje kuphela iimpawu zobuKristu, kodwa, njengoko kwathi kunjalo, wayeka nokubonakalisa iimpawu zobulumko.
Lithetha ukuthini - likrelekrele?
Yiyiphi enye into evelisa into yobuKristu: ukuba buthathaka, ukunyamezela, ukungazibambi, ukungakrazuli intloko yomnye umntu, njalo njalo… Yeyiphi indlela yehlabathi yokuphila? Oku "ndifuna", "umnqweno", yintoni kwiVangeli ebizwa ngokuthi "inkanuko", "inkanuko". Yaye umntu wehlabathi uphila ngendlela athanda ngayo. Ngoko nantsi. Kwiminyaka yokuqala ye-70, inani labantu abaye bafunda uBerdyaev okanye u-Averintsev baqala ukuya ecaweni. Kodwa ucinga ntoni? Baziphatha njengangaphambili, njengoko befuna: ukutyhala isihlwele, ukutyhala wonke umntu ecaleni. Baphantse bakrazula i-Averintsev kwintetho yakhe yokuqala, nangona kule ntetho uthetha ngezinto ezilula zevangeli: ubulali kunye nomonde. Kwaye batyhalana omnye komnye: “Mna! Ndifuna isiqwenga seAverintsev! Ewe, unokuyiqonda yonke le nto kwaye uguquke. Kodwa bangaphi abantu obabonileyo abaye baguquka kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokusela okanye ukukrexeza? Ukuguquka ekukrexezeni kwamkelekile, esi kuphela kwesono abasikhumbulayo nabasiqondayo, nto leyo, nangona kunjalo, ingabathinteli ukuba bashiye abafazi babo kamva… Kwaye isono esikhulu ngakumbi kukuba nekratshi, ukubaluleka, ukunganyamezeli kunye nokucaphuka phakathi kwabantu , ukoyikisa, ukuba krwada...
Kubonakala ukuba iVangeli nayo ithi ngokungqongqo kakhulu ngokukrexeza kwamaqabane?
Kuye kwathiwa. Kodwa asiyiyo yonke iVangeli ezinikele koku. Kukho incoko enye emangalisayo xa abapostile bengenakwamkela amazwi kaKristu okuba abantu ababini babe nyama-nye. Bayabuza: inokwenzeka njani le nto? Ngaba oku akunakwenzeka ebantwini? Yaye uMsindisi ubatyhilela le mfihlelo, uthi umtshato wokwenene lumanyano olupheleleyo, yaye ngenceba wongezelela ngelithi: “Nabani na onako ukubuthabatha, makawuhluthe.” Oko kukuthi, nabani na onokuqonda uya kuqonda. Ngoko bajika yonke into bade bamisela nomthetho kumazwe amaKatolika wokuba awunakuqhawula umtshato. Kodwa zama ukwenza umthetho ongenakuwukhwaza. Kodwa uKristu uthetha ngale nto ngaphambilana: “Ofumana amqumbele umzalwana wakhe usisisulu somgwebo.
Kuthekani ukuba ayilolize, kodwa kwinqanaba?
Andingomphengululi webhayibhile olungileyo, kodwa ndiqinisekile ukuba igama elithi “ililize” apha litolikisho. UKristu akazange alibize. Ngokuqhelekileyo isusa yonke ingxaki, kuba nabani na onomsindo kwaye uyakhwaza uqinisekile ukuba abakwenzi ilize. Kodwa kuthiwa ukuba “umzalwana wakho uthe wakona, mokhalimele phakathi kwakho naye ninedwa.” Wedwa. Ngembeko nangononophelo, njengoko ungathanda ukuvezwa. Kwaye ukuba umntu akeva, akazange afune ukuva, “…uze ke thabatha umzalwana omnye nokuba babini” uze uthethe naye kwakhona. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukuba uthe akabaphulaphula, uya kuba "njengomhedeni nombuthi werhafu" kuni.
Oko kukuthi, njengotshaba?
Hayi. Oku kuthetha ukuba: makafane nomntu ongaluqondiyo olu hlobo lwencoko. Uze ke uye ecaleni unike isithuba kuThixo. Eli binzana - "vulela uThixo indawo" - liphindaphindwa eSibhalweni ngokuphindaphindiweyo okubonakalayo. Kodwa bangaphi abantu obabonileyo abeva la mazwi? Bangaphi abantu esibabonileyo abeza ecaweni baza baqonda: “Ndingenanto, andinanto ngaphandle kobudenge, ukuzigwagwisa, iminqweno kunye nomnqweno wokuziqinisekisa… Nkosi, uyinyamezele njani le nto? Ndincede ndiphucule!” Ngapha koko, undoqo wobuKristu kukuba buguqula umntu ephela. Kukho igama elivela kwisiGrike elithi "metanoia" - utshintsho lokucinga. Xa yonke into ethathwa njengebalulekileyo emhlabeni - ithamsanqa, italente, ubutyebi, iimpawu ezintle zomntu - iyayeka ukuba xabisekileyo. Nayiphi na isazi sengqondo siya kukuxelela: kholelwa kuwe. Nasecaweni awungomntu. Akukho mntu, kodwa intanda kakhulu. Apho umntu, njengonyana wolahleko, uguqukela kuyise – kuThixo. Uza kuye ukuze afumane ukuxolelwa kunye nohlobo oluthile lobukho, ubuncinane kwiyadi kayise. Uyise, eswele intliziyo, waqubuda kuye, wakhala, wamndulula.
Ngoko lithetha ukuthini ibinzana elithi “uhlwempuzekile emoyeni”?
Ewe, ewe. Wonke umntu uyacinga: inokwenzeka njani le nto? Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba uyitolika njani, yonke into ifika kwinto yokuba abananto. Umntu wehlabathi uhlala enento: italente yam, ububele bam, isibindi sam. Kodwa aba abananto: baxhomekeke kuThixo kuyo yonke into. Baba njengabantwana. Kodwa kungekhona ngenxa yokuba abantwana behle, izidalwa ezicocekileyo, njengoko ezinye iingcali zengqondo zithi, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umntwana akanakuzinceda ngokupheleleyo. Akakho ngaphandle koyise, akazukwazi ukutya, akafundi ukuthetha. Nabasweleyo emoyeni banjalo. Ukuza kubuKristu kuthetha ukuba inani elithile labantu liya kuphila ubomi obungenakwenzeka ngokwembono yehlabathi. Ewe, kuya kwenzeka ukuba umntu aqhubeke esenza into eqhelekileyo kuthi, elusizi, engonwabanga kwaye ehlekisayo. Unokunxila njengehashe elingwevu. Unokuthandana ngexesha elingafanelekanga. Ngokubanzi, yonke into yomntu kuye iya kuhlala. Kodwa kuya kufuneka azibale izenzo neengcinga zakhe kuKristu. Yaye ukuba umntu wamkela, akazange avule intliziyo yakhe kuphela, kodwa nengqondo yakhe, ngoko ukuguquka kubuKristu kwenzeka.
Ubudlelwane endaweni yothando
Uninzi lwamaKristu luyazi malunga nobukho beenkolo ezahlukeneyo, abanye banomdla kumahluko we-canonical. Ngaba oku kubalulekile kubomi bemihla ngemihla bomKristu?
Ndicinga ukuba hayi. Kungenjalo, kuye kuvele ukuba xa sifika ecaweni, savele safika kwiziko elitsha. Ewe, intle, ewe, kucula kamnandi apho. Kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu xa besithi: bathi, ndithanda icawa ethi, kuba bacula kakuhle apho… Bekuya kuba ngcono ukuba bebethule, benyanisekile, kuba uKristu akazange acule naphi na. Xa abantu besiza ecaweni, bazifumana bekwiziko apho yonke into inxamnye nayo.
Oku kufanelekile. Kwaye enyanisweni?
Enyanisweni, oku kuxhaphake kakhulu namhlanje: eyethu yeyakho. Ngubani opholileyo - amaKatolika okanye amaOthodoki? Okanye mhlawumbi ischismatics. Abalandeli bakaBawo Alexander Men okanye uBawo uGeorgy Kochetkov. Yonke into yahlulwe yaba ziibhetshi ezincinci. Kwabanye, iRashiya ngumfanekiso kaKristu, kwabanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ayisiyomfanekiso. Iqhelekile naphakathi kwabaninzi bethu, akunjalo? Ndathabatha umthendeleko, ndaphuma ndaya esitalatweni, kwaye ndiyabacekisa wonke umntu ongazange alijoyine ibandla. Ke thina saphuma saya kwabo wasithuma kubo uMsindisi. Akasibizanga singamakhoboka, kodwa wasibiza ngokuthi singabahlobo. Kwaye ukuba ngenxa yeengcamango, ukukholelwa kunye nomdla siqala ukusabalalisa ukubola kwabo bangaphili "ngokomthetho" wethu, ngoko asikho amaKristu, ngokwenene. Okanye kukho inqaku likaSemyon Frank, apho ethetha ngobuhle beecawa zamaOthodoki: ewe, sabona ihlabathi lobuhle obumangalisayo kwaye salithanda kakhulu, kwaye saqonda ukuba le nto ibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa kukho. abantu abasingqongileyo abangayiqondiyo le nto. Kwaye kukho ingozi yokuba siya kuqala ukulwa nabo. Kwaye thina, ngelishwa, sihamba kweli cala. Umzekelo, ibali lommangaliso woMlilo oNgcwele. Ukucinga ukuba thina, maKristu angamaOthodoki, sisona silungileyo, kuba kuphela kuthi, kwi-Easter yethu, uMlilo oNgcwele ubonakala, kwaye wonke umntu - fuck, oku kuyamangalisa! Kufumaniseka ukuba abantu abazalelwa eFransi, apho kukho ubuKatolika, bagatya uThixo. Evela kuThixo, othi umKristu umele, njengelanga emntwini, akhanyisele okulungileyo nokubi! Kudibana ntoni konke oku neNdaba eziLungileyo? Kwaye yintoni le ukuba ayingomdlalo wepati?
Ngokusisiseko, ngaba olu luhanahaniso?
Ewe. Kodwa ukuba uKristu akazange axolele nabani na, ngoko kuphela “abazenza amalungisa,” oko kukuthi, abaFarisi. Awunako ukwakha ubomi ngokweVangeli usebenzisa umthetho: ayingeni, le asiyo-Euclidean geometry. Kwaye siyayoliswa ngamandla kaThixo. Kodwa kutheni? Zininzi iinkonzo ezinjalo. Naluphi na unqulo lobuhedeni luyawancoma amandla kaThixo, umlingo. UAlexander Schmemann ubhala, ewe, mhlawumbi babhala ngaphambili, ukuba ubuKristu abuyiyo inkolo, kodwa unxibelelwano lobuqu noKristu. Kodwa kuqhubeka ntoni? Naba abafana abancinci, bencumile, bencokola, besiya kwimithendeleko… Kwaye emva kwabo kukho amaxhegwazana aphethe iintonga, emva kotyando. Kwaye bekungayi kwenzeka nokuba abafana bakhumbule oomakhulu. Kwaye oku kusemva kwenkonzo, apho kwakhona yonke into yathi kwakhona! Andizange ndiye kuthabatha umthendeleko izihlandlo ezininzi ngenxa yomsindo kwaphela. Kwaye emva koko kunomathotholo "iRadonezh", edla ngokuba ngeCawa, uxelele abaphulaphuli: "Madoda, namhlanje andithathanga umthendeleko ngenxa yenu." Ngenxa yokuba ukhangele, kwaye sele kukho into eyenzekayo emphefumlweni wakho, kungekhona nje ukuthatha umthendeleko, kodwa nokuba neentloni ukujonga icawa. Umthendeleko awusosenzo somlingo. Esi siSidlo Sangokuhlwa Sokugqibela, kwaye ukuba uze kubhiyozela kunye naye ingokuhlwa esele ibhiyozelwa ngonaphakade phambi kokufa Kwakhe, zama ukuva nokuba ibenye into athe uKristu wayifaka kwiTestamente eNdala yaza yajika yonke into: “…thandanani omnye komnye. , njengoko ndikuthandayo…»
Ibinzana elidla ngokucatshulwa lithi “Musa ukwenza into ongafuni ukuyenza.”
Ewe, ukuthanda wonke umntu olungileyo kuthetha lo mthetho ubalulekileyo. Kulungile: suyenza lento uzakusindiswa. I-matrix yeTestamente eNdala, eyathi kamva yathatyathwa yi-Islam. Yaye uthando lobuKristu lusizi olubuhlungu. Usenokungamthandi kwaphela umntu. Usenokuba lizothe ngokupheleleyo kuwe. Kodwa uyaqonda ukuba, ngaphandle koThixo, yena, njengawe, akanalo ukhuselo. Kukangaphi sibona imfesane enjalo nakwimeko yecawe yethu? Ngelishwa, nale meko kwilizwe lethu ayikamnandanga. Kwanegama elithi “uthando” ngokwalo sele lilalanisiwe kulo. Esongela amantombazana ngesihogo somlilo ngokukhupha isisu, umfundisi uthi: “Kwaye eyona nto iphambili luthando…
Ngaba ukuqhomfa akulunganga?
Ububi. Kodwa zizinto ezifihlakeleyo ezinzulu. Kwaye ukuba umsebenzi oyintloko wobuKristu kukulwa nokukhipha isisu, ngoko kukho umtsalane kule nto - ekuqondeni kokuqala kwegama. Masithi intombazana ethile ifuna uthando, njengaye nawuphi na umntu oqhelekileyo, kwaye yazifumana ikwimeko apho kwakunzima ukuzala. Kwaye umbingeleli umxelela ukuba ukuba uyafa ngexesha lokuqhomfa, uya kuya esihogweni ngoko nangoko. Yaye ubetha ngeenyawo aze akhwaze: “Andizi kuya nakweyiphi na icawa yenu!” Kwaye wenza into elungileyo ngokunyathela. Ewe, yiza, Mkristu, hamba unqande ukukhupha isisu kwaye woyike isihogo kwiintombi ezivileyo ukuba akukho nto iphakamileyo ngaphezu kokuthandana kwaye awukwazi ukwala nabani na kuba yinto yakudala, okanye engeyobuKristu, okanye noba yintoni. Kuyoyikeka, kodwa amaKatolika anemikhwa enjalo…
Kuthekani ngamaOthodoki?
Sinezinto ezininzi kwelinye icala: babuza ukuba ngaba kunokwenzeka ukugcina izinja endlwini apho ii-icon zixhonywe, kwaye enye yezihloko eziphambili zizila ukutya. Ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga zobuhedeni. Ndikhumbula xa ndandiqalisa ukusasaza kwijelo likanomathotholo elincinane lecawa, bandibuza umbuzo othi: “Nceda undixelele, ngaba kusisono esikhulu ukuba nditye phambi kwenkwenkwezi ngobusuku bangaphambi kweKrismesi?” Ndiphantse ndaphuma iinyembezi ke emoyeni ndathetha iyure ezimbini ngalento sithetha ngayo ngoku.
Zikhanyele
Ke singenza ntoni apha?
Kodwa akukho nto yoyikisa ngolu hlobo. Xa sasingenayo ingcamango yesono ixesha elide kangako, saza saqalisa ukwamkela nantoni na njengesono ngaphandle kokuzithanda, “amandla okuphila,” ukuthanda kwethu siqu, ukuthembela kubulungisa bethu nasekuzingiseni kwethu, kufuneka siqalise kwakhona Konke. Abaninzi kwafuneka baqale phantsi. Lowo uneendlebe zokuva makeve. Apha, umzekelo, nguAugustine osikelelekileyo, ingcwele enkulu. Wayehlakaniphile, wayedumile, wayenomsebenzi omangalisayo, ukuba siyawulinganisa ngokwemiqathango yethu. Kodwa ubomi baba nzima kuye, nto leyo eqhelekileyo.
Kuthetha ukuthini: kwaba nzima ukuba uAugustine aphile?
Kulapho uqala ukuqonda ukuba kukho undonakele. Kule mihla abantu bayayikhulula le mvakalelo ngokuya kwicawa entle baze baphulaphule iingoma ezimnandi. Liyinyaniso elokuba, ngokufuthi baqalisa ukuthiya yonke loo nto okanye babe ngabahanahanisi, bengazange bakuve oko uKristu wakuthethayo. Kodwa kwakungenjalo ngoAugustine. Omnye umhlobo weza kuye waza wathi: “Jonga, Augustine, nangona siziinzululwazi, siphila njengezidenge ezibini. Sifuna ubulumko, kwaye akukho nto yonke. UAugustine waba nemincili kakhulu waza wabaleka waya egadini. Ndaza ndeva ndaweni ithile: “Yithabathe uze uyifunde!” Kubonakala ngathi le nkwenkwana yayikhwaza umntu esitratweni. Kwaye uAugustine weva ukuba kuye. Wabaleka wangena egumbini wavula iVangeli. Kwaye ndadibana nomyalezo kaPawulos, kumazwi athi: "Yambathani iNkosi uYesu Kristu kwaye ningawaguquleli amaxhala enyama kwiinkanuko." Amabinzana alula: zikhanyele kwaye uthabathe umnqamlezo, kwaye ungajiki iinkxalabo malunga nesiqu sakho kwiminqweno yakho yesidenge, kwaye uqonde ukuba owona mthetho ubalulekileyo wehlabathi - ukwenza into entloko yam okanye, andazi ukuba yintoni enye. , izinto azifunayo – asizizo zomKrestu akunamsebenzi. La mazwi amtshintsha ngokupheleleyo uAugustine.
Yonke into ibonakala ilula. Kodwa kutheni umntu engafane akwazi ukuzikhanyela?
UbuKristu ngokwenene abukhululeki kakhulu. Kaloku, masithi bavumela umntu abe ngumphathi, yaye umele acinge ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuziphatha njengomKristu kwimeko enjalo. Hayi indlela abufuna ngayo ubulumko! Hayi indlela ububele obufunekayo! Umele acinge ngaye wonke umntu njengaye ngokwakhe, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, njengoko uKristu esenza ebantwini. Umele azibeke endaweni yakhe wonke umntu ohamba phantsi kwakhe aze amgcine. Okanye, ndikhumbula, bandibuza isizathu sokuba, xa ndandinethuba elinjalo, ndingazange ndifuduke. Ndaphendula ndathi: “Kungenxa yokuba oko kuya kubabulala abazali bam. Bebengayi kuba nabuganga bokuhamba kwaye bebeza kuhlala apha, bebadala, begula kwaye bengamalolo. ” Kwaye sinokhetho olufanayo kuwo onke amanyathelo. Umzekelo, umntu osuka phezulu ukhukulise indlu yakho, kwaye akanayo imali yokukubuyekeza ngokulungisa… Ungammangalela okanye uqale ukuxabana naye kwaye ngaloo ndlela utyhefe ubomi bakhe. Okanye unokushiya yonke into njengoko kunjalo, kwaye ke, ukuba ithuba livela, yenza ukulungiswa ngokwakho. Ungaliyeka ithuba lakho… Zola, ingabalulekanga… Ungakhubeki… Izinto ezilula kakhulu. Kwaye ummangaliso wokuzalwa kwakhona uya kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe. UThixo wabeka umntu ngenkululeko, kwaye thina kuphela, ngokuthanda kwethu, sinokuqhawula. Kwaye ke uKristu uya kwenza yonke into. Sidinga nje, njengoko uLewis wabhalayo, ukuba singoyiki ukuvula isikrweqe esikhonkxwe kuso kwaye simvumele angene ezintliziyweni zethu. Eli linge lodwa lilodwa litshintsha ngokupheleleyo ubomi kwaye linike ixabiso, intsingiselo kunye novuyo. Kwaye xa umpostile uPawulos wathi "Vuyani ngamaxesha onke!", Wayethetha uvuyo olunjalo - kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zomoya.
Kwakhona wathi “lilani kunye nabo balilayo.”
Eyona nto kukuba kuphela abo bakwaziyo ukulila banokuvuya. Wabelana nabo ngeentlungu neentsizi zabo nabakhalayo nabangabalekiyo ukubandezeleka. UKrestu uthi banoyolo abo bazilileyo. Ukusikelelwa kuthetha ukonwaba kwaye ube nakho konke ukuzala kobomi. Kwaye izithembiso zakhe azikho ezulwini, kodwa emhlabeni. Ewe, ukubandezeleka kubi. Noko ke, xa abantu bebandezeleka, uKristu unikela oku: “Yizani kum nonke nina nibulalekayo, nisindwayo ngumthwalo, ndoninika ukuphumla.” Kodwa ke kukanye: Thabathani idyokhwe yam niyithwale, noyifumanela ukuphumla imiphefumlo yenu. Yaye umntu ufumana uxolo ngokwenene. Ngaphezu koko, kukho uxolo olunzulu, kwaye akufani nakancinane ukuba uya kujikeleza ngathi ngumkhenkce: uqalisa nje ukuphila kungekhona ngamampunge, kungekhona ngokuphazamiseka. Kwaye ngoko imeko yoBukumkani bukaThixo iza apha kwaye ngoku. Yaye mhlawumbi, ekubeni siyifundile, sinokunceda nabanye. Kwaye nantsi into ebaluleke kakhulu. UbuKristu asiyondlela yosindiso. UmKristu ayinguye osindiswayo, kodwa ngulowo usindisayo.
Oko kukuthi, ufanele ashumayele aze ancede ummelwane wakhe?
Hayi kuphela. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, wazisa into encinci yohlobo olwahlukileyo lobomi kwihlabathi. Uthixo wam, umzanyana wam, wazisa into enjalo. Kwaye andisoze ndikwazi ukulibala ukuba ndambona umntu onjalo kwaye ndiyamazi. Wayesondele kakhulu kwiVangeli. Ekubeni wayesisicaka esingenamali, wayephila njengomKristu ofezekileyo. Zange enze bubi nakubani na, engazange athethe nelimdaka. Ndikhumbula kube kanye... Ndandisemncinci, abazali bam baya ndaweni ithile, kwaye ndandibabhalela iileta yonke imihla, njengoko sasivumelene. Yaye elinye ibhinqa elalisityelele likujonga oku lize lithi: “Kaloku, yintoni enokwenziwa ngumntwana xa eziva enyanzelekile? Ungaze mntanam wenze into ongafuni kuyenza. Yaye uya kuba ngumntu owonwabileyo.” Kwaye emva koko wajika waluthuthu waza wathi: “Nceda usixolele. Unekhaya lakho, sineyethu." Ngoko kanye ebomini bam bonke ndeva ilizwi elirhabaxa elivela kuye.
Ngaba usapho lwakho, abazali, bohlukile?
Umakhulu wam, uMarya Petrovna, naye akazange aliphakamise ilizwi lakhe. Wasishiya isikolo awayesebenza kuso njengomfundisi-ntsapho kuba apho kwafuneka athethe izinto ezichasene nonqulo. Ngelixa utatomkhulu esaphila, wayemjikeleza njengenenekazi lokwenyani: ethwele umnqwazi kunye nedyasi esesikweni. Waza wazohlala nathi. Kwaye kwakungekho lula kuye, umntu ongqongqo kakhulu, ngokucacileyo ngokohlobo, kunye nathi, abantu abangakhathaliyo. Nanku umama wam, intombi yakhe, nanku umyeni wakhe ongatshatanga, umlawuli bhanya-bhanya kunye ne-bohemian ngokubanzi… Umakhulu wam akazange athi ungumYuda, kuba umKristu oqhelekileyo akanakuba ngumchasi wamaSemite. Yaye hayi indlela awayebandezeleke ngayo nam! Mna, ikretin eneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe engazange iye esikolweni, ndaya eyunivesithi kwaye apho ndaphantse ndaphambana luvuyo, impumelelo, ndithandana… Kwaye ukuba uyakhumbula zonke izinto zobudenge endazenzayo! Ndathandana ndaza ndeba umsesane womtshato katatomkhulu, ndikholelwa ukuba iimvakalelo ezinkulu endizivayo zindinika ilungelo lokufakela lo msesane nge-cotton wool, ndiwufake emnweni ndijikeleze ngawo. Unina ngewayethethe ngokuthambileyo ngakumbi, kodwa umakhulu ngewayethethe rhabaxa: “Musa ukuyenza le nto. Ububhanxa.”
Kwaye oku kunzima?
Kuye - kakhulu. Kwaye umama, ukuze ndinxibe ngendlela ephucukileyo kunokuba ndandicinga emva kokukhuliswa kukamakhulu kunye nomntwana, wayekwazi ukubethelela intloko yam eludongeni ukubonisa into ethile kum. Kodwa yena, ehlutshwa bubomi be-bohemian, naye wasemzini ngenxa yokukhuliswa kwakhe, yena, nangona kunjalo, wanyanzeliswa ukuba aholele, akanakugwetywa. Yaye wayesoloko ekholelwa ukuba kufuneka andithintele elukholweni, ekubeni ndandizitshabalalisa. NoMessinga wandimema ukuba andibuyisele ezingqondweni. Hayi, akazange alwe nobuKrestu, wayeqonda nje ukuba kuya kuba nzima entombini yakhe. Ibe kungekhona ngenxa yokuba sasihlala eSoviet Union, apho bavakalisa ukuba akukho Thixo. Kuyo nayiphi na inkulungwane, abazali bazama ukubayekisa abantwana babo kubuKristu.
Kwanakwiintsapho zamaKristu?
Ewe, umzekelo, uAnthony the Great, uSt. Theodosius, uCatherine waseSiena, uFrancis waseAssisi… Omane amabali anabazali abangamaKristu. Kwaye yonke into yokuba bonke abantwana bangabantu njengabantu, kwaye umntwana wam yi-cretin. UTheodosius akafuni ukunxiba ngokufanelekileyo njengoko kufuneka eklasini yakhe, kwaye unikela amandla amaninzi kunye nexesha kwizenzo ezilungileyo. UCatherine unyamekela abagulayo nabampofu yonke imihla, elala iyure ngosuku, endaweni yokuphuma kunye nabahlobo bakhe kunye nokunyamekela indlu. UFrancis uyala ubomi obumnandi kunye nelifa likayise… Ezo zinto bezisoloko zijongwa njengengaqhelekanga. Ewe, ngoku, xa iingcamango "impumelelo", "umsebenzi", "inhlanhla" sele ibe ngumlinganiselo wolonwabo, ngakumbi. Ukutsalwa kwehlabathi kunamandla kakhulu. Oku phantse akwenzeki: "Yima entloko," ngokutsho kweChesterton, kwaye uphile ngolo hlobo.
Iyintoni ingongoma kuko konke oku ukuba bambalwa ababa ngamaKristu?
Kodwa akukho nto inkulu yayicingelwa. Akuzange kwenzeke ukuba uKristu athethe amazwi anjalo: "igwele", "ityuwa". Imilinganiselo emincinci ngolo hlobo. Kodwa batshintsha yonke into, batshintsha ubomi bakho bonke. Gcina uxolo. Babamba naluphi na usapho, nokuba bafikelele kwihlazo elipheleleyo: kwindawo ethile, umntu, kunye nohlobo oluthile lwemithandazo, kunye nohlobo oluthile lwe-feat. Kulapho, lonke ihlabathi lale nto engaqhelekanga ekuboneni kokuqala livula: xa kulula, yenze, xa kunzima, thetha, xa kungenakwenzeka, thandaza. Kwaye iyasebenza.
Kwaye kunye nokuthobeka, ngoncedo apho omnye kuphela unokoyisa ububi obuloyisayo.
Umzekeliso: Uhlobo lwe-Iconographic "Ukuphilisa umntu olalayo onamademoni"
Umthombo: http://trauberg.com/chats/hristianstvo-e-to-ochen-neudobno/
