Umvubukuli waseBrithani u-Adrian Marsden wabika ngemiphumela yocwaningo lwengcebo eyatholwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule eSifundazweni SaseNorfolk. Okutholwe okubaluleke kakhulu kwakuyizinhlamvu zegolide zamaRoma eziyishumi - aureus, ezenziwe ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Octavian Augustus. Umcwaningi ukholelwa ukuthi umcebo wangcwatshwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lokuqala AD, emashumini ambalwa eminyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kokunqotshwa kwamaRoma kweBrithani. Ngokwezilinganiso zakhe, le mali ilingana nomholo weminyaka emibili webutho lezempi. Lokhu kubikwe esihlokweni esishicilelwe kumagazini i-Searcher.
Emazweni amaningi, akuvunyelwe ukwenza ucwaningo lwemivubukulo yasensimini ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekile - ishidi elivulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kusetshenziswe izindlela zobuchwepheshe zokusesha, isibonelo, izinsimbi zensimbi noma ama-radars, umephuli uzobhekana nesijeziso esinzima kakhulu. Lo mkhawulo ubonakala udingekile, ngoba akuyona nje i-artifact ngokwayo ebalulekile kubavubukuli (ngisho noma ekugcineni iphetha nabo, futhi ingahlali eqoqweni eliyimfihlo), kodwa futhi nomongo lapho kutholakala khona. Ukusesha kwe-amateur kugcwele ukucekelwa phansi okungenakubuyiseka kwezikhumbuzo nezingqimba zamasiko, okuthi, ngendlela, zingamasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka endaweni yesimanjemanje. Kodwa ukuvinjelwa okunjalo akukho kuwo wonke amazwe. Ngakho-ke, imivubukulo yama-amateur iyachuma eDenmark, lapho ingxenye ebalulekile yezinto ezibalulekile ezitholakele ingeyeNkathi YamaViking (1, 2, 3). Uhlanganyele ekusesheni izinto zakudala kanye nezakhamizi zase-UK. Isibonelo, ngonyaka odlule kwabikwa ukuthi uBriton Kat Giles uthole umcebo we-Viking Age yesine e-Isle of Man eminyakeni emithathu.
U-Adrian Marsden wase-University of Oxford wethula imiphumela yocwaningo lwengcebo eyatholwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule esifundeni saseNgilandi saseNorfolk. Ngo-2017, eduze nedolobha laseNorwich, uDamon noDenise Pye bathola uhlamvu lwemali lwasendulo, olulandelwa izinto ezintsha zobuciko: izinhlamvu zemali zethusi zamaRoma ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezakhiwa emakhulwini amathathu okuqala eminyaka enkathi yethu, odenariyu ababili, ama-brooches amaningana aseRoma kanye ne-stater endala. . Ukuthwebula izithombe zasemoyeni endaweni okutholwe kuyo kwabonisa ukuthi indunduma cishe yakhiwe kule ndawo ngeNkathi Yethusi, kamuva eyasetshenziswa ukwenza inqolobane yezinhlamvu zemali.
Okuyinhloko okutholwe yizinhlamvu zemali ezazisakazeke endaweni encane. Ngokusho kukaMarsden, akungabazeki ukuthi ekuqaleni babeyiqoqo elilodwa. Yayihlanganisa i- aureus - izinhlamvu zemali zegolide zamaRoma zasendulo ezakhishwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kombusi wokuqala waseRoma u-Octavian Augustus (27 BC - 14 AD). Zonke izinhlamvu zemali zazenziwa edolobheni laseLungdum (manje eyiFrench Lyon). Kuze kube manje, kuye kwatholwa izinto ezinjalo eziyishumi futhi iMarsden ikholelwa ukuthi kusazotholakala okwengeziwe. Mhlawumbe isitsha lapho lezi zinhlamvu zemali zazigcinwe khona endaweni ethile ngaphansi kwenhlabathi elinyiwe.
Umvubukuli uphakamisa ukuthi umcebo wangcwatshwa eminyakeni yokuqala yekhulu lokuqala AD, cishe isizukulwane ngaphambi kokuqala kokunqotshwa kwamaRoma kweBrithani (1 AD). Ngaleso sikhathi, isizwe samaCeltic sase-Iceni sasihlala eNorfolk, umholi wawo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lokuqala wayengumngane weRoma. Lesi sazi saphawula ukuthi izinhlamvu zemali zegolide zamaRoma zazingavamile ukufika eMpumalanga Anglia, ngisho nangemva kokuba isiqhingi sesinqotshiwe. Ngokombono wakhe, ama-aureses ayishumi atholakele afana nama-aureses ayisishiyagalolunye atholwe yi-legionnaire njengeholo lonyaka phakathi nekhulu lokuqala. Kodwa laba bamuva, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokutholakala kwempahla, baphoqeleka ukuba bachithe izinhlamvu zemali ezingaba yisihlanu ngokudla, izinto zokusebenza nezinye izinto. Ngakho, umcebo otholakele ucishe ulingane nomholo weminyaka emibili wesosha.
Isithombe: Adrian Marsden / The Searcher, 2022
