URuslan Khalikov unguchwepheshe wezifundo zezenkolo, oyilungu leBhodi Yenhlangano Yabacwaningi Bezenkolo yase-Ukraine, futhi usebenza kuphrojekthi yokubhala imiphumela yempi yobuningi bezenkolo e-Ukraine, ezindaweni ezihlala abantu noma kwezinye izindawo. yezwe. Yena nozakwabo babhala inani elikhulu lokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zenkolo nezakhiwo kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi. Sithole ithuba lokukhuluma naye kafushane futhi sambuza imibuzo embalwa:
1. Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza kafushane iphrojekthi yakho yocwaningo?
Iphrojekthi yethu ethi “Inkolo Iyavutha: Ukubhala Ubugebengu Bempi YaseRussia Emiphakathini Engokwenkolo E-Ukraine” yethulwa njengempendulo ekuhlaseleni kweRussia ngokugcwele i-Ukraine. NgoMashi 2022 inhlangano yethu, Iworkshop Yezifundo Zezemfundo Zezenkolo, waqala umsebenzi, futhi kusukela ekuqaleni wawusekelwa yi- Isevisi Yezwe yase-Ukraine ye-Ethnopolitics kanye Nenkululeko Kanembeza futhi Congress of Ethnic Imiphakathi yase-Ukraine. Kamuva, iphrojekthi yathola ukwesekwa kwabakwa- Isikhungo Samazwe Ngamazwe Somthetho Nezifundo Zezenkolo (E-USA).
Le phrojekthi ihlose ukurekhoda nokubhala ngomonakalo owenziwe izakhiwo zenkolo ngenxa yezenzo zezempi zebutho laseRussia e-Ukraine, kanye nokubulala, ukulimaza nokuthunjwa kwabaholi benkolo bamahlelo ahlukahlukene. Phakathi nempi, ithimba lethu linomgomo wokuqoqa idatha ngamacala empi enziwa i-Russian Federation e-Ukraine ngokumelene nemiphakathi yezenkolo yamahlelo ahlukahlukene. Izinto esiziqoqayo zingasetshenziswa ezifundweni zesikhathi esizayo zomthelela wempi emiphakathini yezenkolo yase-Ukraine, ekulungiseleleni imibiko yezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nobufakazi bokuletha umhlaseli ebulungiswa.
Njengamanje, izakhiwo zenkolo ezingaphezu kuka-240 zathintwa izenzo zezempi, esizibhalise ohlwini lwethu lolwazi. Cishe angu-140 kuwo angamasonto obu-Orthodox bobuKristu, izigodlo zezindela, futhi iningi lawo lingamalungu e-UOC (MP). Ama-mosque, amasinagoge, amahholo omthandazo, amahholo ombuso, ama-ashram e-ISKCON, izakhiwo zezinye izinkolo ezincane nazo ziyahlupheka, futhi siyazibhalisa nakusizindalwazi. Siyazi futhi ngamacala ayishumi nanhlanu abaholi bezenkolo ababulawa noma babulawa ngokudutshulwa, okuhlanganisa abefundisi bezempi namavolontiya omphakathi avela emiphakathini yezenkolo. Abanye abaholi benkolo bendawo bathunjwe amasosha aseRussia, baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo nesifunda ezindaweni ezithathiwe.
2. Sinjani isimo ngezinkolo zase-Ukraine phakathi nempi eqhubekayo? E-Ukraine yamahhala? Ezindaweni ezithathiwe?
Isimo sihluke kakhulu, kuya ngesipiliyoni samakholwa endaweni ethile. Lapho ukulwa nokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu kuqhubeka khona, noma ezindaweni ebezingaphansi komsebenzi wesikhashana, sibona ukwanda kokubambisana phakathi kwezinhlangano zenkolo ezehlukene, noma ngabe ngaphambi kokuhlasela beziphathana njengabaphikisi. Isibonelo: phakathi kwamasonto ahlukene obuKristu obu-Orthodox, ama-Orthodox namaProthestani, amaSulumane namaKrestu. Ukugxila okuyinhloko kokubambisana kuwukuzinikela, imisebenzi yokusiza abantu.
Amabandla ahlinzeka izakhamuzi ngezindawo zokukhosela lapho kuqhunyiswa amabhomu, alethe usizo lokusiza abantu, anikeze abefundisi bamasosha ezigunjini zezempi (umthetho wobufundisi uye wamukelwa ngokugcwele kule ntwasahlobo kuphela), ahlele ukunikela ngegazi, njll. Ezindaweni lapho impi iseduze khona, futhi lapho kungekho khona usongo lwansuku zonke nolusheshayo ekuphileni, ukuncintisana kuyaqhubeka phakathi kwezinhlangano zenkolo.
Ezifundeni ezisanda kuthathwa, amakholwa ezinhlangano zezenkolo eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezenkolo ezincane, kulindeleke ukuthi abhekane nemingcele ekusebenzeni kwawo. Amahlelo avinjelwe eRussia, anjengoFakazi BakaJehova, abalandeli bakaSaid Nursi, iHizb ut-Tahrir, nawo azovinjelwa njengoba iziphathimandla zaseRussia ziqinisa lapho.
Ezindaweni ezikhululekile, zonke izinhlangano zenkolo ziziqhelelanisa ngangokunokwenzeka ebudlelwaneni namakholwa aseRussia. Ngisho neSonto Lobu-Orthodox Lase-Ukraine, elalikade limunye ne-Moscow Patriarchate, labamba uMkhandlu okhethekile ngo-May 27 futhi lasusa lokhu kuxhumana kumthetho-sisekelo walo.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezindaweni ezithathiwe, imiphakathi eminingana yaleli sonto iphoqeleka ukuba ibe ngaphansi kweSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia. Nakuba kusukela ngo-2014 kuze kube manje, imiphakathi kokubili eCrimea nase-CADLR (Izindawo Ezithize Zezifunda zaseDonetsk naseLuhansk) yayibhekwa ngokusemthethweni njengezingxenye ze-UOC. Ngokufanayo, imiphakathi yamaSulumane ezifundeni zaseDonetsk naseLugansk ezindaweni ezithathiwe yangena emkhakheni wethonya loMkhandlu WaseRussia waseMuftis kanye noMhlangano Womoya WamaSulumane weRussian Federation, ngokulandelana.
3. Ingabe ubona ukwanda kobugebengu obushukunyiswa inkolo obuvela engxenyeni yaseRussia?
Kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhlasela, futhi ngisho nangaphambi kwakho, abaholi bezombangazwe nabezenkolo baseRussia, kuhlanganise noMongameli uVladimir Putin, UPatriarch Kirill Gundyaev, Mufti Talgat Tadzhuddin, uPandito Khambo Lama Damba Ayusheev nabanye basebenzisa isici senkolo njengesinye sezizathu zokuhlasela. Basola uhlangothi lwase-Ukraine ngokwephula amalungelo e-UOC, ngokubeka izindinganiso zaseNtshonalanga, futhi banxusa ukuba kukhishwe abantu base-Ukraine “engcindezelweni yenkolo”. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokuhlasela kwayo, iRussia ayibhubhisi nje kuphela indawo yobuningi bezenkolo e-Ukraine, kodwa futhi ibhidliza ngokoqobo inqwaba yamathempeli e-UOC (MP), iphuca amakholwa ithuba lokusebenzisa inkululeko yawo yenkolo futhi izinkolelo. Ngalo mqondo, akukho ukukhula, izinga lenzondo liphezulu njalo.
Uma sikhuluma ngokwanda kwenani lobugebengu obushukunyiswa inkolo, khona-ke singakhuluma ngakho, okokuqala, ezindaweni ezithathiwe, lapho ubuningi bezenkolo buncipha, abancane balahlekelwa ithuba lokusebenzisa inkolo yabo ngokukhululekile. Kepha ngisho nabapristi be-UOC-MP abangathembekile kubaphathi baseRussia basengozini yokuphelela ejele, babizelwa ukuphenywa noma bathunjwe isikhashana, basatshiswa ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Uma iRussia inquma ukunamathisela ngokusemthethweni izindawo ezithunjiwe, singalindela ukuthi inqwaba yemiphakathi yezenkolo lapho izowela ngaphansi komthetho waseRussia mayelana nokweqisa, njengoba kwenzeka eCrimea. Kuze kube manje, abaphathi baseRussia abazizwa beqiniseka ngokwanele ukuthi banganikela isikhathi esiningi ekucindezelweni kwezenkolo.
4. Noma yini ongathanda ukuyengeza?
Ngingathanda ukugcizelela isidingo sosizo ezinkolweni ezincane zase-Ukraine, njengoba zingase zingakwazi ukuzilulamela ngokwazo ngemva kokucekelwa phansi kwezakhiwo zenkolo nokuwa kwemiphakathi phakathi nempi. Lokhu kuzogcina izinga eliphezulu lenkululeko yenkolo nezinkolelo, kanye nobuningi iRussian Federation ezama ukuyiqeda. I-Ukraine nayo idinga usizo ekubhalweni kwamacala empi, ngoba inani lamacala empi ngokuvamile selifinyelele emakhulwini ezinkulungwane, zonke izinhlaka zabaphenyi zisebenza namacala, futhi izinhlangano zomphakathi nazo zibambe iqhaza emibhalweni, kodwa sidinga kokubili ukwesekwa kwezikhungo kanye nezinsiza ezivela. Amazwe aseYurophu. Futhi okokugcina, ngicela ungayeki ukuqwashisa ngempi yase-Ukraine, okuhlanganisa nokucekelwa phansi kwezakhiwo zenkolo - akukho okusamile, impi isaqhubeka, futhi i-Europe ebumbene kuphela engasiza ukuyiqeda.
