“Ngokuba ukuphila kungaphezu kokudla, nomzimba kunesambatho”
IVangeli ngokukaLuka isahluko 12, ivesi 23
“Ukuphila kahle” kuyinqubo esebenzayo lapho abantu beqonda futhi bakhethe indlela engcono yokuphila; njengomqondo, ihlanganisa ngokwayo umqondo wendlela yokuphila enempilo (njengokudla nesiko lokunyakaza) nomqondo wokuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo kobuntu, ukwakha ukuzwana kwangaphakathi nokuzwana nabanye. Lokhu kusho ulwazi nokuqonda (noma okungenani isifiso sokufunda) ekucebeni kwezwe langaphakathi - ngokomzwelo, ngokomoya - komuntu ngamunye kanye nemvelo yenhlalo futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuthuthukiswa kokuzazi, ukuvuthwa kwemibono kanye nemizwa.
Impilo iwukuthi:
inqubo yokuqaphela, ehlelekile futhi evuselelayo ukuze ubuntu buveze amandla abo, ukuzuza ukulingana kwengqondo nengqondo;
indlela yokuphila enezendlalelo eziningi, ebanzi enenhle futhi eqinisekisayo;
ukusebenzisana okuvumelanayo nendawo ezungezile (yebhayoloji nenhlalo).
UBill Hettler, umsunguli kanye nomongameli Webhodi Labaqondisi be-National Wellness Institute (USA) uthuthukise imodeli yezigaba eziyisithupha zempilo, enye yazo ewukuphila kahle ngokomoya.
Lobu bukhulu buhlobene nokuseshwa kwencazelo nenjongo yobukhona bomuntu. Ithuthukisa umuzwa kanye nokwazisa ukujula nokuqonda kokuphila namandla emvelo akhona endaweni yonke. Njengoba uhamba endleleni, ungase ube nemizwa yokungabaza, yokuphelelwa ithemba, yokwesaba, yokudumala nokulahlekelwa, kanye nenjabulo, injabulo, injabulo, ukutholwa - lezi yizigigaba ezibalulekile kanye nezakhi zokufuna. Zizokwengeza izigxobo zesistimu yakho yenani, ezohlala ijwayela futhi ishintshe ukunikeza incazelo yobukhona. Uzokwazi ukuthi ufinyelela ukulingana kwengqondo lapho izenzo zakho zisondelana nezinkolelo zakho namagugu futhi uqala ukwakha umbono omusha womhlaba.
Engxoxweni ne-Interfax-Religia agency (Okthoba 17, 2006), kwenziwa ukugxekwa okulandelayo mayelana nokuhlaselwa okungafanele kwezikhulu ezithile ze-European Union mayelana namahlelo obuKristu bendabuko. “Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, iPhalamende LaseYurophu liye lalahla amaSonto Obu-Orthodox namaKatolika izikhathi ezingaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ngokwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu futhi alikaze nakanye lilethe amacala afana nalawa, njengeShayina neCuba,” kusho iPhini Likamongameli wezwe. IPhalamende laseYurophu uMauro Mauro ngesikhathi senkomfa yamazwe ngamazwe "IYurophu ngesikhathi sokushintsha: ukungqubuzana kwempucuko emibili noma inkhulumomphendvulwano entsha?".
Ngokusho kwakhe, isizathu esiyinhloko samacala anjalo nezinqumo ezifanayo zeziphathimandla zaseYurophu empeleni “ukukholelwa kwabaningi ukuthi kudingekile ukwakha iYurophu ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwenkolo, ukuthi kumelwe sinamathele esu elinjalo ukuze simelane. ubufandamentali”. “Baphambanisa ubufandamentali nenkolo. Simelene ne-fundamentalism, kodwa kufanele sisekele inkolo, ngoba inkolo iwubukhulu bomuntu”, - kuphawula iphini likamongameli wePhalamende LaseYurophu. Abamelene nokuhlanganyela kweSonto empilweni yomphakathi yaseYurophu, ngamazwi akhe, ngenxa yezikhundla zabo, bangaba "imithombo yokubhubhisa iphrojekthi yeYurophu ebumbene". Phakathi nenkulumo yakhe engqungqutheleni, uMauro Mauro wabuye wathi enye yezinsongo ezinkulu zeYurophu yanamuhla iwukuhlobana kokuziphatha, lapho “kwamanye amazwe kunomzamo wokwakha umphakathi ongenaye uNkulunkulu, kodwa lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu”. "IYurophu engakholwa izonyamalala maduze noma kamuva, izohlakazeka," iLungu lePhalamende laseYurophu lizwakalise ukuzethemba. Emphakathini wanamuhla, ukuphila komuntu nodumo kuthathwa njengento engelutho, izono eziyisikhombisa ezibulalayo zamukelwa yonke indawo njengezivakashi ezamukelekile. Ubumpofu bezinto ezibonakalayo boquqaba ngokungangabazeki buwububi obukhulu ekuphileni. Nokho, kunobumpofu obukhulu kakhulu. Ubumpofu bengqondo bengxenye enkulu yabantu, ubumpofu babo obungokomoya, ubumpofu bukanembeza, ukungabi nalutho kwenhliziyo.
Umyalo kaKristu awuyona nje inkambiso yokuziphatha, kodwa ngokwawo uwukuphila okuphakade kobunkulunkulu. Umuntu wemvelo akanakho lokhu kuphila ebuntwini bakhe (izinto ezibonakalayo), ngakho-ke ufeza intando kaNkulunkulu, okungukuthi, ukuphila ngokuvumelana nomyalo kaNkulunkulu, umuntu akakwazi ngamandla akhe; kodwa kuyimvelo yakhe ukufuna uNkulunkulu, kube ngukuphila okuphakade okubusisiweyo. Izifiso zomuntu wemvelo zaziyohlala ziyizifiso kuphela ngaphandle kokuba nokwenzeka kokufezeka kwangempela, uma amandla obuNkulunkulu ayengekho - umusa, wona ngokwawo okuyiwona kanye okufunwayo, okungukuthi, ukuphila kwaphezulu okuphakade. Okuwukuphela kwento edingekayo ukulalela izwi likanembeza nomsebenzi - ezwini lomyalo kaNkulunkulu, nokuhamba endleleni eholela ebungcweleni nasesothandweni, ukuze kuvuswe isintu kumuntu.
“NgoMoya oNgcwele siyazi iNkosi, futhi uMoya oNgcwele uhlala kubo bonke abantu: kokubili engqondweni, emphefumulweni, nasemzimbeni. Simazi kanje uNkulunkulu ezulwini nasemhlabeni” – ngala mazwi kaVenerable Silouan wase-Atonsky, singaqala isifundo sombuzo wobudlelwane phakathi komoya onempilo nomzimba onempilo, okubuye kube umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuphila. ifilosofi yezempilo. Ngisho nombhali weTestamente Elidala uTobias ukuveza ngokusobala ukuthi isifo sihambisana nemimoya ebanga izifo – amadimoni emizimbeni yabantu.
Imvelo yomuntu, ngamandla angavamile kubo, isembulela ubuntu bomuntu futhi isenze sifinyeleleke kwabanye kanye nakuNkulunkulu, okusho ukuhluka kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu noma ngokwambulwa kokuhlangenwe nakho okungaqondakali noma ngokuhlangana othandweni. Ngalokhu kuthintana namandla kaNkulunkulu, umfanekiso kaKristu ugxivizwe kumuntu ongumuntu, okusiholela ekwazini uNkulunkulu futhi kusenze sibe abahlanganyeli “besimo sobuNkulunkulu” ( 2 Pet. 1:4 ), sibonakalisa ukukhohlakala kwethu ngokuhlangana. noKristu. Ochwepheshe abavela esikhungweni sesayensi eColorado, okwathi ngokokuqala ngqa babuyisela isibalo sikaKristu se-volumetric emfanekisweni ophrintiwe ku-Shroud yaseTurin, basichazela ukubukeka kwasemhlabeni kukaJesu Kristu: ukuphakama 182 cm, isisindo 79.4 kg. Ngokusekelwe ezincwadini ezinyathelisiwe nangosizo lobuchwepheshe bamuva bekhompiyutha, ososayensi baseMelika babala yonke imingcele yomzimba kaKristu base benza umfuziselo wawo usimende. Kungabhekwa njengendlela yokuzijabulisa enembe kunayo yonke yomfanekiso nobuso bukaJesu. UKristu wayeyindoda ende nenkulu. Ngokwezibalo zochwepheshe, ukuphakama kwakhe kwaba ngamasentimitha angu-182, futhi isisindo asidluli amakhilogremu angu-79.4. Wayemude ngekhanda eligcwele ukwedlula abantu besikhathi sakhe. Lapho uJesu ehamba phakathi kwabafundi Bakhe, abantu babembona ekude. Futhi ngisho noKristu ohlezi wayemude kunabanye (ocashunwe kuSvetlana Makunina, "Ososayensi babuyisela isithombe soMsindisi", Ukuphila). Kufanele uMoya kaNkulunkulu uhlale emzimbeni onempilo, noma-ke, umoya onempilo kumuntu ubonisa impilo yomzimba. Azikho izimo ezimbalwa lapho sibona i-symbiosis phakathi komoya onempilo emzimbeni obuthakathaka, lapho umoya usiza ukuthwala ubuthakathaka benyama. Encwadini ethi The Brothers Karamazov, uDostoevsky uthi: “Ububanzi, ububanzi ngokungenamkhawulo umuntu: angawela kwalasha waseSodoma naseGomora. Futhi ingakhuphukela phezulu kweSistine Madonna. ” Lapho umuntu ephila nobubi ngenxa yobubi, umuntu unguziro wesimilo, umthombo wobuthi bokuziphatha, ukususwa okukhulu ngokomoya, ukungasebenzi ngokomoya. UJesu Kristu akabheki nowodwa umphefumulo olahlekile, ngoba uyazi ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukuphulukisa ngokugcwele ngokomoya, ukuze umuntu abe yinhlansi ephilayo yecebo laphezulu, iphunga elimnandi lemibala emihle kakhulu yesintu. Ngakho-ke kukhona nabantu abanezinga eliphezulu lokushisa lokuziphatha, abanombono wokuzidela nokunethezeka okufanele ekuphileni. Ukukhula ukhula kuyadingeka, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlwanyela imbewu enhle. Singabantu esidalwe nguNkulunkulu uqobo Lwakhe, futhi lokho asinike khona akufanele kubonakale njengezipho ezimile. Sinenkululeko yangempela yokwehluka. Ukuziphatha kwethu kungashintsha. Isimilo sethu singathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo. Izinkolelo zethu zingase zivuthwe. Izipho zethu zingahlakulelwa.
“UNkulunkulu umgcwalisa ngokuphelele umuntu - ingqondo, inhliziyo nomzimba. Umazi, umuntu, kanye noNkulunkulu Owaziyo, bahlangana babe munye. Oyedwa noma Omunye akabi “into” ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwabo. Imvelo yobudlelwano phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nomuntu ayibandakanyi ukuphikiswa futhi bukhona engqikithini yako, okubonisa ubukhona bomuntu bukaNkulunkulu kumuntu nomuntu kuNkulunkulu. Umuntu uthuswa ukungcola nokonakala kwakhe, kodwa ukomela intethelelo akutholayo—ukubuyisana noNkulunkulu “kuyinto enzima ukuyichaza kubantu abangafundile” futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhulu kangakanani ukuhlupheka, kubonakala futhi ngenjabulo yobizo lukaNkulunkulu kanye nokubuyisana noNkulunkulu. ukukhanya kwempilo entsha. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kweminye imikhakha - ugqozi lobuciko, ukucabangela kwefilosofi, ulwazi lwesayensi "njalo futhi ngokungenakugwenywa kwemvelo ehlobene", kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokukhanya okukhohlisayo "kwemimoya yobubi" kumvumela ukuthi athi ukubuyela kwakhe ekukhanyeni kweqiniso. kuwukubuya “kwendodana yolahleko”, eyathola ulwazi olusha ngomuntu nokuba sezweni elikude, kodwa ayizange ilithole Iqiniso lapho.
Igama elithi “Orthodox Psychology” laqalwa uMbhishobhi uHierotei Vlahos. Encwadini yakhe ethi "Illness and Healing of the Soul" uhlola i-Orthodoxy njengendlela yokwelapha ngokuningiliziwe. Leli gama alibhekiseli ezimweni ngazinye zabantu abanenkinga yengqondo noma i-neurosis. Ngokwesiko lama-Orthodox, ngemva kokuwa kuka-Adamu, umuntu uyagula, isizathu sakhe (nous) siba mnyama futhi ulahlekelwe ubuhlobo bakhe noNkulunkulu. Ukufa kungena ebukhoneni bomuntu futhi kubangela izinkinga eziningi ze-anthropological, social, ngisho nemvelo. Kule nhlekelele, umuntu owile ugcina umfanekiso kaNkulunkulu ngaphakathi kuye, kodwa ulahlekelwa ngokuphelele ukufana Naye, njengoba ubuhlobo bakhe noNkulunkulu bunqanyulwa. Lokhu kunyakaza ukusuka esimweni sokuwa kuya esimweni sokwenziwa unkulunkulu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphulukisa ngoba kuhlobene nokubuya kwakhe esimweni sokuhlala ngokumelene nemvelo kuya esimweni sokuphila ngaphakathi nangaphezulu kwemvelo. Ngokunamathela ekwelashweni nasekuziphatheni kobu-Orthodox, njengoba kwembulelwe oBaba Abangcwele, umuntu angakwazi ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo nemicabango nezinkanuko zakhe. Ngenkathi i-psychiatry kanye ne-neurology ibizelwa ukuthi yelaphe ukungahambi kahle kwe-pathological, imfundiso yenkolo yobu-Orthodox iphatha amacala ajulile abangela. I-psychotherapy yama-Orthodox izoba usizo kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukuxazulula izinkinga zabo ezikhona; kulabo asebebonile ukuthi ukucabanga kwabo kumnyama, futhi ngenxa yalokhu kufanele bazikhulule ebugqilini benkanuko nemicabango yabo, ukuze bathole ukukhanyiselwa emiqondweni yabo ekuhlanganyeleni noNkulunkulu.
Konke lokhu kwelashwa nokuphulukiswa noma ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuhlobene eduze nesiko lokuzindla leBandla kanye nempilo yalo yokucasuka futhi ilondolozwe emibhalweni ethi “Umusa”, emibhalweni yobaba abangcwele beBandla futhi ngokuyinhloko emfundisweni kaSt. Gregory Palamas. Impela akekho ongalishaya indiva iqiniso lokuthi ukuphila okucatshangelwayo kanye nokucabangayo kuyimpilo efanayo engabonwa ezimpilweni zabaprofethi nabaphostoli, njengoba kuchazwe ngokunembile emibhalweni yemiBhalo Engcwele. Kulokhu kuyacaca ukuthi impilo yokucabanga empeleni iyimpilo yobuvangeli eyayikhona emazweni aseNtshonalanga ngaphambi kokuba ithathelwe indawo yimfundiso yezenkolo. Ngisho nososayensi banamuhla baseNtshonalanga bayaliphawula leli qiniso. Umoya womuntu ufuna ukuphelela nokuphelela, ukuthula kwangaphakathi nokuthula. Ezinxushunxushwini nasezinhlungwini zomhlaba wamanje, kumele sithole lendlela ephilisayo futhi siphile njengoba obaba abangcwele beBandla besincoma. Impela oBaba abaNgcwele bandulela izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zesimanje nodokotela bengqondo. Umuntu ubona amaphutha akhe enyama esibukweni, kanye nemikhuba yakhe emibi engokomoya kumakhelwane wakhe. Uma umuntu ebona ububi kumakhelwane wakhe, khona-ke lo mkhuba ungaphakathi kuye. Sizibuka esibukweni. Uma ubuso bomuntu obuka buhlanzekile, isibuko naso sihlanzekile. Isibuko ngokwaso ngeke sisingcolise noma sisihlanze, kodwa sinikeza kuphela ithuba lokuzibuka ngeso labanye.
Umuntu wanamuhla, ekhathele futhi edangele ngenxa yobuningi bezinkinga ezimhluphayo, ufuna ukuphumula netheku. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ufuna ikhambi lomphefumulo wakhe “ekucindezelekeni kwengqondo” okuhlala njalo ahlala kukho. Ukuze uchaze isizathu, izincazelo eziningi ezinikezwa odokotela bengqondo zingatholakala ekusakazweni namuhla. I-Psychotherapy ikakhulukazi yandile. Nakuba ngaphambi kokuba zonke lezi zinto zazingaziwa, manje ziyizinto ezivamile futhi abantu abaningi baphendukela kuma-psychotherapists ukuze bathole induduzo nenduduzo, okuphinde kusibonise ukuthi umuntu wanamuhla uzizwa edinga ukuphulukiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzimba. ISonto Lobu-Orthodox yisibhedlela lapho wonke umuntu ogulayo nocindezelekile angelashwa khona.
NgokukaHenri Bergson kwethi Imithombo Emibili Yokuziphatha Nenkolo, umhlaba uwumsebenzi kaNkulunkulu wokudala abadali ukuze bafane nobuntu Bakhe, abafanelekele uthando Lwakhe. Ngaphandle kokubusisa nokukhazimulisa uNkulunkulu ngomhlaba, umuntu uyakwazi futhi ukubumba kabusha futhi aguqule umhlaba, kanye nokuwenza ube nencazelo entsha. Ngamazwi kaBaba u-Dimitru Staniloe, “Umuntu ubeka isigxivizo sokuqonda kwakhe nomsebenzi okhaliphile endalweni… Umhlaba awusona nje isipho, kodwa futhi uwumsebenzi womuntu.” Ubizo lwethu luwukubambisana noNkulunkulu. Ngokusho kwenkulumo yohlelo lokusebenza. UPawulu, siyizisebenzi ezikanye noNkulunkulu (1 Kor. 3:9). Umuntu akasona nje isilwane esicabangayo kanye ne-Ekaristi (esibongayo), futhi uyisilwane esidala. Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu udalwe ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu lisho ukuthi ungumdali ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu. Umuntu ufeza le ndima yokudala hhayi ngamandla anonya, kodwa ngokuhlanzeka kombono wakhe ongokomoya; ubizo lwakhe akukhona ukubusa imvelo ngamandla anonya, kodwa ukuyiguqula nokuyingcwelisa. U-Augustine obusisiwe kanye noThomas Aquinas nabo bakhuthaza ukuthi wonke umphefumulo unamandla emvelo okuthola umusa. Impela ngoba udalwe ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu, uyakwazi ukwamukela uNkulunkulu ngomusa. Njengoba u-Albert Einstein aphawula ngokufanelekile, “Inkinga yangempela isezinhliziyweni nasezingqondweni zabantu. Lena akuyona inkinga ye-physics, kodwa yezimiso zokuziphatha. Kulula ukuhlanza i-plutonium kunomoya omubi womuntu.”
Ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene - ngokucubungula abalingisi, ngamakhono enkosi yakhe, ngokubhala izincwadi, ngokudweba imifanekiso - umuntu unikeza izwi ezintweni ezibonakalayo futhi enze indalo ikwazi ukukhuluma ngenxa yenkazimulo kaNkulunkulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umsebenzi wokuqala ka-Adamu owayesanda kudalwa kwaba ukuqamba izilwane amagama (Gen. 2:18-20). Ukuziqamba igama kuyisenzo sokudala: kuze kube yilapho sesilitholile igama lento eyaziwayo noma isipiliyoni—igama elibalulekile elibonisa umlingiswa walo obalulekile—ngeke siqale ukuliqonda nokulisebenzisa. Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi lapho sibuyisela izithelo zomhlaba kuNkulunkulu enkonzweni, asizinikeli ngesimo sazo sokuqala, kodwa siguqulwa ngezandla zomuntu: asinikeli e-altare izikhwebu zikakolweni, kodwa izingcezu zesinkwa. , hhayi amagilebhisi, kodwa iwayini.
Ngakho, ngamandla akhe okubonga nokubuyisela indalo kuNkulunkulu, umuntu ungumpristi wendalo; futhi ngamandla akhe okwenza kanye nokwenza isimo, ukuxhuma nokuhlukanisa, uyinkosi yendalo. Le ndima yomuntu yobukhosi kanye nobukhosi ichazwa kahle nguSt. Leontius waseKhupro: “Amazulu, umhlaba nolwandle, ngokhuni nangetshe, kuyo yonke indalo, ebonakalayo nengabonakali, ngiyanikela ukuhlonipha, ngikhulekela uNkulunkulu. UMdali, iNkosi kanye noMdali wakho konke; ngoba indalo ayimkhonzi uMdali wayo ngokuqondile nangayo uqobo, kodwa ngami amazulu amemezela inkazimulo kaNkulunkulu futhi ngami inyanga idumisa uNkulunkulu, ngami izinkanyezi ziyamkhazimulisa, ngami amanzi, amathonsi emvula, amazolo nakho konke. izinto ezidaliwe zidumisa uNkulunkulu futhi unikeza inkazimulo yakhe.
Umthombo: "Impilo yabo bonke", comp. Gramatikov, Petar, Petar Neychev. U-Ed. I-Business Agency (ISBN 978-954-9392-27-7), Plovdiv, 2009, pp. 71-82 (ngesiBulgaria).
